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  • 1995-1999
  • 1975-1979  (976)
  • 1975  (976)
  • General Chemistry  (809)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (167)
  • Nuclear reactions
Datenquelle
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
  • 1995-1999
  • 1975-1979  (976)
Jahr
Schlagwörter
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dispersions in hydrocarbon fermentation. A retrospective study (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 541-556 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A nondimensionalized plot, obtained by normalizing the drop-size distribution in the hydrocarbon phase using the Sauter mean diameter, shows a tendency towards self-preservation of the distribution. Changes of distribution in time during the course of fermentation, initial dispersed phase fraction, speed of rotation, and reactor size were taken into account. Using this self-preserving property, an empirical (single parameter) equation has been proposed for drop-size distribution. Data, available from the literature, are presented for non-biological and biological systems (gas-oil, n-hexadecane, and n-hexadecane dissolved in dewaxed gas oil as dispersed phases). The parameter, Sauter mean diameter, has been correlated with the operating conditions, and a critical review presented. Cell density was found to have significant effect on Sauter mean diameter. This effect has also been empirically explained. The possibilities of using generalized distribution in predicting the performance of fermenters is outlined.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170407
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comments on microbial growth rate (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 279-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170214
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A solid state fermentation method for citric acid production using sugar cane bagasse (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 291-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170216
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of a plasmin inhibitory substance by Scopolia japonica suspension cultures (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 305-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A potent inhibitory agent against human plasmin, fibrinolytic proteinase, has been found in the extracts of callus tissue of Scopolia japonica. Effects of cultural conditions on cell growth and production of the plasmin inhibitory substance by this cell line in suspension cultures were examined in MurashigeSkoog's medium. More than l.5 mg of the inhibitor, as t-amino cyclohexane carboxylic acid, a synthetic plasmin inhibitor, were observed to accumulate per ml of medium containing 0.83 g of NH4NO3 and 7.6 g of KNO3 per liter as well as suitable levels of growth hormones.Addiction of antibiotics and deformers were examined in preliminary tests for large scale cultivation. Semicontinuous culture on a small scale in a glass cylinder, was also tested and growth rate of 1.29 g/liter/day (by dry wt) was obtained. Plasmin inhibitory activities in the extracts of the results intact plant and in cultured cells of S. japonica were compared and the results indicated that cell suspension culture was superior to extraction the natural plant for inhibitor production.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170302
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of cellulase and protein from barley straw by Trichoderma viride (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 361-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The cellulase production by two strains of the cellulolytic fungus Trichoderma viride was examined. The fungi were grown on different preparations of barley straw pretreated with NaOH under high pressure. The production of cellulases and microbial protein by the better strain (QM 9123) was investigated in an aerated 5-liter fermenter under varying stirring rates (200-350 rpm) and straw concentrations (1-2%). The pH was kept between 3.5 and 4.5. The growth of the fungus was followed by measuring the quantity of CO2 produced and the cell protein. After 2-6 days growth ceased, the lag phases lasting 0-2 days, increasing with increasing straw concentrations. The maximum enzyme yields were reached after 4-10 days. The protein content of the product was 21-26% and up to 70% of the straw was utilized. The yield constants were calculated to be 0.40-0.56; of the same order as those which can be obtained by growing the fungus on glucose.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170306
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The influence of diffusion on the apparent rate of denaturation of gel entrapped enzymes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 441-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170312
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Protein hydrolysis with immobilized enzymes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 451-453 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170314
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of cell concentration measurement method on the value of specific growth rate (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 461-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170317
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An automatic homocontinuous culture apparatus (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 985-995 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An apparatus for the cultivation of microorganism under controlled conditions is described. This apparatus is basically a turbidostat improved with automatic devices for sample withdrawal and tube cleaning. The results of experiments, using Euglena gracilis to check the constancy of some physiological parameters (in particular phototactic reactivity), are reported.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170704
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Temporal structure of S phase analyzed using an automated synchrony system (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 675-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An automated system for cell cycle analysis is described in which synchronous populations of greater than 95% mitotic cells can be selected and subcultured without resorting to inhibitors or altered media. Selection of mitotic cells from roller bottle cultures generates synchronous populations of up to 5 × 107 cells, as often as every 30 min, under conditions of constant temperature. A detailed analysis of the temporal pattern of DNA synthesis in the S phase of several Chinese hamster cells is presented. Several potential artefacts and uncertainties regarding the cell cycle blockage point in S phase synchronization are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170505
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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Maintenance of perpetual synchrony in HeLa suspension cultures: Question of unbalanced growth (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 703-712 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Unbalanced growth has been studied in HeLa cell cultures maintained in perpetual division synchrony by periodic inhibition of DNA synthesis. Observation of eight independent cellular parameters indicates that once synchrony has been established the degree of unbalanced growth in later cycles is not as great as is observed with the conventional “double-block” technique. This significant diminution of unbalanced growth appears to be related to the significantly shorter periods of inhibition of DNA synthesis used in the resynchronization process.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170507
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Enhancement factor for oxygen absorption into fermentation broth (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1083-1098 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Values of the enhancement factor for oxygen absorption into fermentation broth, i.e., the ratio of the liquid phase mass transfer coefficients for oxygen absorption for both cases with and without respiration of microorganisms were predicted theoretically on the assumption of various cell concentration distributions. Calculations indicate that in the usual case the enhancement factor is only slightly or negligibly larger than unity, even when accumulation of microorganisms at or near the gas-liquid interface is assumed. Results of experiments with sparged-stirred fermentors on oxygen absorption into fermentation broths containing resting and growing cells of Candida tropicalis confirmed the theoretical prediction. Except for extreme cases, the effect of respiration of microorganisms on kLa, values can practically be ignored.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170710
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thermophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Solid Waste for Fuel Gas Production (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1119-1135 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Anaerobic digestion offers a potential means of converting organic solid waste into fuel gas and thereby provide a supplemental and readily utilizable source of energy. We are particularly interested in the use of thermophilic digestion over a mesophilic operation for it can achieve higher rates of digestion, greater conversion of waste organics to gas, faster solid-liquid separation, and minimization of bacterial and viral pathogen accumulation. Our results comparing mesophilic (37°C) and thermophilic (65°C) anaerobic digestion of domestic solid waste confirm the increased rate and conversion of waste to methane. In addition, utilizing radioactive labeling of glucose and acetic acid, we have measured the volumetric rates of volatile acid production and disappearance under both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170804
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Submerged cultivation of a thermotolerant basidiomycete on cereal flours and other substrates (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1183-1197 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The imperfect state, Sporotrichum pulverulentum, of thecellulolytic basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporiumhas been grown on barley flour and other agricultural products in shake cultures, in an air-lift fermentor, and in stirred fermentors. The growth morphology varied with cultivation conditions, but it was possible to maintain heavy suspensions of loosely associated mycelia in fermentors. The fungus can grow in temperatures up to 40°C and use ammonium salts or organic nitrogen sources to convert sugars, starch, pectin, and various seed residues to a biomass containing 30-40% protein with a favorable amino acid composition. Serial cultures were grown on flours under conditions where the larger part of the culture was withdrawn and replaced with new medium every, or every other, day. The mycelia are easy to harvest by filtration and have several properties which make the product attractive as a potential food ingredient.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170807
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170901
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Nonisothermal heterogeneous reaction in a denaturable immobilized enzyme catalyst (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1237-1242 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170810
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetics of solka floc cellulose hydrolysis by trichoderma viride cellulase (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 873-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A product inhibition model is developed to describe the hydrolysis of cellulose by the Trichoderma viride enzyme system. It is assumed that noncompetitive inhibition by cellobiose dominates the reaction kinetics. Experiments show that this is indeed a reasonable assumption for initial cellulose concentrations of up to 15 g/liter and at hydrolysis extents up to 65′. Kinetic parameters were determined for the noncompetitive inhibitionmodel in batch experiments with durations of up to 1.5 hr. These parameterswere then used in predicting reaction progress for up to 10 hr. Cellobiose was added to the reaction mixture at the onset of some runs and againreliable predictions were obtained for up to 8 hr of hydrolysis. Finally reaction was carried out in a membrane reactor whereby the product cellobiose was being continuously removed and again reasonable predictability was obtained with a higher net reaction rate.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170608
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Film diffusion and Michaelis-Menten kinetics in a packed-bed reactor (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1555-1559 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171014
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preparation of immobilized β-galactosidase by poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and the continuous hydrolysis of lactose in acid whey (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1571-1589 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Immobilized β-galactosidase gel was prepared using poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) under β-ray irradiation. In contrast to the gelation of N-vinylpyrrolidone monomer-enzyme solution, the gelation of PVP-β-galactosidase solution (PVP content: 10%) was almost completely uneffected by the dose rate and amount of phosphate present. PVP-enzyme solution was gelled by irradiation with 3.0 Mrad. The expressed activity of the PVP-enzyme gel was about 30% of the initial activity and added activity was almost totally entrapped. No leakage of enzyme from these gels could be detected. Leakage was, however, detected in the case of the gelation of PVP-enzyme solution containing more than 1% of enzyme protein. When the general properties of the gel were compared with those of the native enzyme, the gel proved to be slightly inferior to the native enzyme with respect to optimum temperature, heat stability, pH activity, and pH stability. Continuous hydrolysis of lactose in acid whey could be carried out at 50°C using a column packed with the gel and sawdust and the degree of hydrolysis was found to be almost, constant for 12 days. The merits of using PVP in the immobilization of enzymes include the simplicity of the procedure and the fact that the PVP-enzyme gel can be used in the food industry without anxiety because of its high degree of compatibility with living organisms.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171103
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The preparation and properties of hornblende as a support for immobilized invertase (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1679-1693 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The suitability of hornblende as a support for immobilized β-fructofuranosidase (invertase) was studied, with regard to the physical stability of the support and the thermal and operational stability of the immobilized enzyme. Hornblende was more stable than Enzacryl-Alo or Enzacryl-TIO, and marginally more stable than porous glass. Invertase immobilized on hornblende was more stable during long-term operation than invertase immobilized on porous glass. An active preparation of immobilized invertase was obtained also on pyroxene particles.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171110
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  • 21
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171201
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  • 22
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparison of batch and semicontinuous cultures for production of protein from mesquite wood by Brevibacterium sp. JM98A (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1749-1760 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The production of protein by a Brevibacterium sp. JM98A usingmesquite wood as the substrate was compared in batch and semicontinuous cultures. A 14 liter glass fermentor with automatic pH, temperature, and foam control was used for the study. A pH range of 6.6 to 7.2 was optimum for the growth of JM98A. The batch and semicontinuous cultures were compared on the basis of viable cell counts, protein production, CMC-Ase (β-1,4-glucanase) activity, and filter paper cellulase (β-1,4-glucan cellobiohydrolyase) activity. Total hexose, cellulose, and reducing sugar consumption were measured. The semicontinuous process yielded 2.97 times as much protein in 72 hr as the batch cultures. Most of the biomass resulted from the utilization of soluble sugars rather than from the degradation of cellulose during the semicontinuous process.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171205
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  • 23
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fermentation of agricultural wastes by yeast (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1823-1826 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171211
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  • 24
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Control of nutrient supply in yeast propagation (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1829-1832 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171213
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  • 25
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Patent protection of microorganisms with special reference to ferrous-iron and sulfur oxidizing bacteria (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1853-1857 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171217
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  • 26
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Continuous coagulation of milk using immobilized enzymes in a fluidized-bed reactor (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 585-598 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Milk-clotting enzymes such as pepsin, chymosin, chymotrypsin, and M. miehei proteases were immobilized on porous, alkylamine glass and incorporated into a fluidized-bed continuous coagulation scheme. Only pepsin and calf rennet retained sufficient activity towards skim milk to warrant further studies. Comparison of kinetic data with fixed-bed reactors revealed the overall superior performance of fluidized beds; higher clotting activities were possible while avoiding plugging problems and high pressure drops common to fixed-bed reactors. Film diffusion and catalyst back-mixing appear to be significant factors in the overall kinetics.All enzymes lost activity on exposure to skim milk. The inactivation rates were lower at high substrate pH and insignificantly affected by reactor temperature. Nitrogen and sialic acid accumulation on the porous glass paralleled the loss in activity in the initial stages. Attempts to regenerate the immobilized enzymes were partially successful.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170410
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  • 27
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Purification of placental alkaline phosphatase by immunoadsorption (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 607-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170412
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  • 28
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of cell numbers and cell size for thiobacillus ferrooxidans by the electrical resistance method (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 621-624 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170415
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  • 29
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Design of a large-scale mammalian cell, suspension culture facility (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 659-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The design of a suspension culture facility capable of producing approximately 1012 cells per week has been developed on a small-scale system which has evolved from various architectural, engineering, biological, and biohazard considerations. The smaller system is composed of spinner flasks (50 ml to 8 liters) modified for semicontinuous culture conditions, metal reservoirs, a continuous flow centrifuge, and supportive equipment. The large system which is under construction is composed of metallic vessels of up to 500 liter working volume with hard plumbing, monitors, controllers, recorders, continuous flow centrifuge and other ancillary equipment. This system begins with medium preparation and ends with harvesting of cells and disposition of supernatant. The design of this turn-key operation was developed over a two and one-half year period through the cooperation of private industry, the federal government, and the academic community.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170504
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  • 30
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An evaluation of suspension culture systems for the growth of murine lymphoblastoid lines expressing TL and Thy-1 alloantigens (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 629-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: As a prelude to our studies on TL and Thy-1 differentiation alloantigens, three murine lymphobhastoid cell lines were examined for expression of these components. Optimal conditions for their mass culture were also determined. Several suspension culture systems were evaluated: (a) 50 ml through 500 ml Wheaton and Bellco spinner flasks as well as 1, 4, and 8 liter Wheaton flasks modified for semicontinuous culture conditions, (b) 3 liter Chemapec Vibrofermentor, and (c) 14 liter New Brunswick fermentor. Utilizing these types of vessels the optimal culture conditions were evaluated as to the effect of: (1) pH, (2) initial concentration of cell inoculum, (3) types of media, and (4) methods of gassing and gas mixtures on the rate of growth and alloantigen expression. This study demonstrated that cells could be cultured on a semicontinuous basis up to densities of 2-4 × 106 cells/ml if a vessel of appropriate dimensions was utilized, the appropriate medium selected, and the pH controlled by CO2 and air overlay. Once these parameters were established the growth of a given cell line was highly reproducible: Under optimal culture conditions the expression of Thy-1 was maximum while the cells were in the exponential stage of growth and reduced during the lag and stationary phases of growth. The expression of TL did not vary as significantly during the various stages of growth. One cell line grown in medium supplemented with 10% horse serum expressed lass Thy-1 than those grown in medium containing 10% fetal calf serum. The factors affecting cell growth and alloantigen expression have been considered in the design of a large-scale suspension culture facility for culturing 1000 liters of cells per week.
    Zusätzliches Material: 14 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170503
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  • 31
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Primary suspension culture of calf anterior pituitary cells on a microcarrier surface (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 713-731 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: In order to achieve a steady-state primary culture system for mammalian cells, with the potential to eventually correlate and control cell function and growth, a serious evaluation of various suspension systems was made. Calf anterior pituitary cells were employed as a differentiated cell type and successfully cultivated in a microcarrier suspension culture system. DEAE-Sephadex was demonstrated to be a satisfactory type of microcarrier. The cells readily attached to the bead and, after a short lag period, they actively proliferated on the bead surface to yield growth of a predominantly epithelial cell type. Under specific conditions the microcarrier supported primary cell growth up to levels of 2 × 106 cells per ml. High bead concentrations inhibited cell growth. The inhibition could be overcome by using proportionately higher cell inoculum so that a concentrated culture with 5 × 106 cells per ml was achieved. The inhibitory effect of high bead concentration was found to be due to the absorption of serum protein and certain growth enhancing factors. The fact that the growth enhancing factors were released from cells during the period of trypsinization and were both thermostable and nondialyzable, seems to suggest one approach to a dialysis culture system. In addition, relatively trauma-free primary cell cultures can be achieved by using explant culture without prior trypsinization. In microcarrier suspensions direct growth of primary rat mammary tumor cells was also demonstrated.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170508
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  • 32
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetic Behavior of Microencapsulated β-Galactosidase (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1157-1181 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Escherichia coli β-D-galactosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.23) was immobilized in cellulose nitrate membrane microcapsules and the reaction kinetics with o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG), lactose, and whole milk were studied using both continuous stirred tank and packed bedreactor configurations. The results of the experiments gave effectiveness factors of 0.3 for ONPG, 0.6 to 0.7 for lactose in solution, andclose to unity for lactose in milk. Using a coupled mass transfer and kinetic model, it was possible to estimate the permeability of the microcapsule membrane from the reactor data. Membrane permeabilities on the order of 5 × 10-3 and 3 × 10-4 cm/sec were estimated for ONPG and lactose, respectively. It was determined that the membrane was the limiting mass transfer resistance for the overallreaction. The analysis showed that within the microcapsule, the reaction is reaction rate limited for lactose and slightly diffusion limitedfor ONPG.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170806
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  • 33
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The effect of acid pH on the growth kinetics of Trichoderma viride (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1199-1210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Batch cultures of Trichoderma viride have been carried out in a 10 liter stirred fermenter at controlled pH values of 2.5, 2.7, 3.0, and 4.0, and without pH control at a temperature of 28°C. Cell and glucose concentrations and dissolved oxygen values are reported. The yield coefficient was found to be constant at 0.40 kg cells/kg glucose and the maximum specific growth rate was linearly correlated with the hydrogen ion concentration.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170808
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  • 34
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dynamic and steady state studies of phenol biodegradation in pure and mixed cultures (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1211-1235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The microbial degradation of phenol by pure and mixed cultures of Pseudomonas putida was studied in batch, phenol-stat, and continuous culture systems. In the continuous culture runs, both steady state and transient experiments were performed. From these experiments, a model for the kinetic behavior of the organisms was evolved and an analysis performed on the stability and dynamic behavior of pure and mixed cultures. The results indicate that it should be possible to achieve phenol removal from wastewaters down to levels of 1-2 ppm in a single stage system. However, because of the effects of substrate inhibition on kinetic behavior of the microorganisms, long lasting transients can occur. The transient behavior of such systems cannot be solely determined from μmax or Ks, parameters, but must include a consideration of the transient size and response characteristic of the organism.
    Zusätzliches Material: 22 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170809
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  • 35
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A model for diauxic growth (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1301-1312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A model is developed to predict batch and continuous culture behavior of fermentations on two different carbon and energy sources. The basic assumption of the model is that the permease for the favored substrate is constitutive, whereas the permease for the second substrate is subject to induction and catabolite repression. Simulations of the model show features of diauxic growth described in the literature.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170905
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  • 36
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170101
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  • 37
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Growth yields of microorganisms on methanol and methane. A theoretical study (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 15-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An attempt was made to calculate growth yields of microorganisms on methanol and methane on the basis of known biochemical pathways of C1 metabolism. Since 3-phosphoglycerate is a key intermediate in the assimilation pathways of C1 compounds, the calculations were based on the assumption that the synthesis of cell material from C1 substrates can be regarded as a two step process. When YATP on 3-phosphoglycerate was taken as 10.5, a maximal cell yield of organisms of the composition C4H8O2N on methanol was found to be 0.73 g cells/g substrate. For growth on methane a value of 0.91 g cells/g substrate was calculated when a mixed function oxidase was implicated in methane oxidation. These yields were calculated on the basis of the ribulose phosphate pathway of formaldehyde fixation as the major pathway of C1 assimilation. Yields calculated on the basis of the serine pathway were on an average 20% lower. The calculations disclosed that for growth on methane, at least for Methylococcus capsulatus, a reversed electron transport system is required when methane is oxidized by a mixed function oxidase. The theoretical cell yields on methanol and methane have been compared with experimentally obtained yields and the validity of the estimations of growth yields on the basis of the present calculations is discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170103
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  • 38
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Application of an insolubilized hepatic microsomal drug oxidase to the continous production of N-oxides (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 107-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The optimum operating temperature and pH have been determined for a catalyst prepared by the insolubilization of a hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase on glass beads. Temperature is a more significant variable than pH in determining potential catalyst yield (total product/unit catalyst). An operating range of about 25-28°C is optimal with respect to catalyst life at pH 7.6. Like the purified soluble oxidase, the glass bead-mounted enzyme catalyzes the NADPH- and oxygen-dependent oxidation of a variety of amines, hydrazines, and thioureylenes. The catalyst has been used in a simple slurry reactor to prepare mg quantities of N-oxide metabolites of prochlorperazine, guanethidine, and ethylmorphine.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170109
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  • 39
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A rational approach for predicting the dissolved oxygen profile in receiving waters (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 69-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A practical method for predicting the dissolved oxygen (DO) profile in a stream receiving biodegradable waste is presented. In this method the BOD (accumulated O2 uptake) curve is obtained using an open jug technique. The accumulated O2 uptake curve thus developed is employed in numerical integration with the physical reaeration data for the receiving stream to predict the DO profile in the stream. In the present study, the method was examined using 10-liter open jar reactors to obtain the O2 uptake curves, and the receiving stream was a 670-liter simulated stream apparatus which has been employed in previous studies on stream reaeration. The method was found to provide a fairly good prediction of the actual dissolved oxygen profile observed in the receiving stream. The effect of the reaeration constant, K2 )agitation effect(, on the kinetics of O2 uptake was also investigated and it was found that increased agitation (higher K2 value) caused some increase in the accumulated oxygen uptake (BOD) curve with most of the increase coming after the so-called “plateau” area in the O2 uptake curve, i.e., in the general case, after the low point along the DO sag curve.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170106
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  • 40
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Enzymatic breakdown of water insoluble substrates (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 185-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The kinetic behavior of the enzymatic breakdown of crosslinked dextran (Sephadex) by a dextranase from Penicillium funiculosum was investigated as a model for enzymatic degradation of insoluble materials. A theoretical model is developed for the description of an enzymatic reaction on an insoluble substrate. Experimental data are compared to those predicted by the model which are calculated by using independently determined parameter-values such as the Michael is constants, effective pore radius of the particles, and the Stokes radius of the enzymes. Fairly good agreement was found between the theoretical analysis and the experimental data.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170205
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  • 41
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microbial growth on hydrocarbons - some experimental results (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 241-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A simple mechanism of hydrocarbon uptake by microorganisms is examined. This model considers the presence of micelles of surface active agents as essential for growth of microbial cells on hydrocarbon substrates. Larger hydrocarbon droplets serving as reservoirs may also be present. Experimental results to support the model are presented. The results of others are explained on the basis of this model.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170209
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  • 42
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A mechanical foam breaker (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 273-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170212
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  • 43
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Covalent attachment of proteins to inorganic supports directly by activation with cyanogen bromide (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 295-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170217
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  • 44
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Conversion of L-sorbose to L-sorbosone by Gluconobacter melanogenusSee refs. 3, 4, and 5 for previous papers in this series. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 349-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Growing cultures, washed cells, and cell-free extracts of Gluconobacter melanogenus IFO 3293 were found to convert L-sorbose to L-sorbosone. The product was identified by thin layer chromatography of the 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazone, and by paper partition chromatography using chemically prepared materials as standards. Factors influencing the conversion included incubation temperature and composition of the growth medium. Addition of betaine or choline to the growing cultures stimulated conversion of L-sorbose to L-sorbosone.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170305
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  • 45
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A kinetic model for microbial growth on liquid hydrocarbons (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 399-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A kinetic model is presented to explain microbial growth using liquid n-alkanes as substrate. The model is based on the assumption that growth occurs on the soluble alkane and that the metabolite produced by the growing cells helps the dissolution of liquid alkanes in the aqueous medium. Growth curves based on that model fit well with growth data for batch and continuous culture reported by various authors. The model also explains the differences between the relative length of exponential and linear phases of growth reported earlier.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170308
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  • 46
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A multigroup model for predator-prey interactions (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1269-1290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The predator-prey interactions between the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis and the bacterium Aerobacter aerogenes have been studied experimentally and mathematically. A mathematical model for the ciliates defines the mass distribution of cells within the population. The resulting model equations are solved by the use of multigroup theory. Experimental data from batch and continuous flow reactors are compared with the results of the numerical integration.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170903
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  • 47
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The total containment of a batch-type zonal centrifuge (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1313-1322 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A batch-type zonal centrifuge has been modified and totally contained for use with biologically hazardous materials.A sealed cabinet encloses the centrifuge and the ancilliary equipment. It is operated with a flow of filtered air when the zonal system is on, decontaminated with ethylene oxide, and maintained at a negative pressure throughout. The centrifuge subsystems can be drained, flushed, and decontaminated with ethylene oxide before an engineer services the machine. The sample handling system within the cabinet is remotely controlled.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170906
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  • 48
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Improvement of conditions for precipitation of citric acid from fermentation mash (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1363-1364 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstrast.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170910
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  • 49
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of alcohol by Bacillus stearothermophilus (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1375-1377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstrast.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170914
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  • 50
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171001
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  • 51
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Preparation and kinetic properties of gel entrapped urate oxidase (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1435-1441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Urate oxidase from hog liver (urate: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.7.33) has been entrapped in a crosslinked 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate gel with a 47% retention of activity. The kinetic behavior of the gel entrapped enzyme has been studied in a slurried tank reactor using uric acid as substrate. Internal diffusion effects were found to be negligible for particle sizes below 128 μm. A threefold increase in Km (app) was observed for the 128 μm particles and attributed to diffusional effects. The pH activity profile of the gel entrapped enzyme was bell-shaped at high substrate concentration and could be fitted to a titration curve of two ionizable groups, a basic group having a pK of 7.9 and an acidic group with a pK of 11.0. The gel entrapped enzyme showed excellent stability between pH 6.5 and 10.5.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171004
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  • 52
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stimulation by organic solvents and detergents of conversion of L-sorbose to L-sorbosone by Gluconobacter melanogenus IFO 3293For proceedings papers in this series see refs. 1 and 2. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1473-1483 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Treatment of Gluconobacter melanogenus IFO 3293 cells with benzene, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, deoxycholate, toluene, or xylene stimulated their conversion of L-sorbose to L-sorbosone two- to threefold. The degree of stimulation depended upon the length of exposure time to the agent and the age of the G. melanogenus cells. A rapid decrease in viability of the cells and degradation of cell RNA was noted after treatment with the effective agents. The G. melanogenus cells were unable to absorb L-sorbose actively after toluene treatment.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171008
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  • 53
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The response of a bioelectrochemical cell with Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolizing glucose under various fermentation conditions (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1529-1543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Working conditions of a biochemical fuel cell formed by an oxygen cathode and a platinum bioanode in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae suspension metabolizing glucose are described. The biocell response in terms of bioanode potential and current drainage under different fermentation conditions is reported. A kinetic equation relating the current, the number of microorganisms, and the substrate concentration is obtained. The bioanode potential corresponds to that of an oxygen concentration polarization cell.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171011
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  • 54
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Single-cell protein production by photosynthetic bacteria cultivation in agricultural by-products (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1561-1570 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The growth of the nonsulfur photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa was investigated as a possible way to produce single-cell protein from agricultural by-products. Of the various raw materials examined as potential feedstocks, wheat bran infusion was selected as the substrate for mass culture and continuous cultivation studies. Harvested photosynthetic cells contained approximately 65.0% crude protein and 5.1% nucleic acid (RNA). The amino acid content of harvested photosynthetic proteins was comparable with conventional proteins of plant and animal origin.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171102
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  • 55
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An evaluation of a ceramic monolith as an enzyme support material (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1617-1626 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Catalase was immobilized on commercially available monolithic catalyst supports and also on participate support obtained by crushing the monolith. The kinetics of the monolith- and particulate-supported enzymes were analyzed in a continuous tubular reactor system and pressure drop was also monitored. Analysis of the results indicates that the monolith-supported system presents very little resistance to flow which results in a considerably smaller pressure drop than is obtained in flow through particulate-supported systems under comparable conversion conditions. Ceramic monoliths thus appear to be very suitable for use as enzyme supports in continuous tubular reactor applications, particularly where high pressure drops might be expected.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171106
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  • 56
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On-line measurement of gas-exchange conditions in fermentation processes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1663-1678 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Gas-exchange conditions of C. ulilis cultures were analyzed by an on-line, real-time operating digital computer interfaced with a 250 liter, highly instrumented fermentor.Information obtained from the computer was correlated with wet chemical analytical data related to nucleic acid, protein, and ethyl alcohol production rates. Once the correlation was established, the computed gas-exchange data, especially the RQ which functions as an indicator of the cells physiological condition, could be used as a real-time process status indicator which follows or forecasts events during the fermentation.It was also found that electrical noises generted on the sensor-instrument level may handicap the interpretation of the meaning of computed process status indicators. Since “clear” data is considered as a prerequisite to follow the physiological conditions and perform control of environmental variables, a special computer program is necessary to filter the electric noises at the sensor-instrument level prior to the on-line, real-time data analysis for process status identification.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171109
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  • 57
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    YATP value in Candida tropicalis grown on n-alkanes, fatty acids, and acetate (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1705-1715 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The amount of ATP produced during n-alkane, fatty acid, or acetate metabolism in Candida tropicalis has been established from the P/O ratios measured on isolated mitochondria, yield on substrate andcarbon balance. For these three kinds of substrates, YATP value has been found to be close to 4, although Ysub on acetate is very different from those found with n-alkanes or fatty acids.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171202
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  • 58
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effectiveness factors for substrate and product inhibition (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1761-1773 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The transformation technique of Na and Na (Math. Biosci., 6, 25, 1970) is extended to convert boundary-value problems involving the steady-state diffusion equation for spherical immobilized enzyme particles exhibiting substrate and product inhibition to initial-value problems. This allows a study of the influence of external mass transfer resistances on the effectiveness factors. It also considerably reduces the number of calculations required to investigate the effect of changes in the kinetic parameters on the overall rate of reaction. The existence of multiple steady states for substrate inhibition kinetics in spherical catalyst particles is illustrated and a criterion for uniqueness of steady states is developed. Effectiveness factors for competitive and noncompetitive product inhibition increase with increasing value of the Sherwood number for the substrate and increasing value of the ratio of substrate to product effective diffusivities within the particle.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171206
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  • 59
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Engineering analysis of continuous production of L-aspartic acid by immobilized Escherichia coli cells in fixed bedsPresented at the 12th Symposium of the Society of Chemical Engineers of Japan, Hamamatsu, Japan, November 11, 1974 (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1797-1804 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The reaction mechanism and decay behavior of aspartase activity for immobilized Escherichia coli cells were investigated by using a sectional packed column.Reaction within the immobilized cell column proceeded at zero-order on substrate solutions ranging in concentration from 0.1 to 1.0M, and the initial reaction rate was found to be 1.556 × 10-2 mol/min/liter of immobilized cells.The effect of temperature on the reaction rate constant was investigated. The Arrhenius plot was straight line at temperatures below 43°C, and the activation energy for immobilized cells was calculated to be 12.36 kcal/mol.Asparatase activity in the immobilized cell column decayed exponentially and uniformly in all sections of a column. Its half-life was approximately 120 days.The rate of formation of L-aspartic acid was shown to be independent of column dimensions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171209
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  • 60
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Variable-volume continuous cultivation (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1805-1822 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Equations are developed which describe variable-volume cultivations, including fed-batch systems. An analogy is drawn between the quasi-steady state in variable-volume cultivation and a dynamic steady state in variable-flow, constant-volume chemostat bioreactors. Switching procedures are developed to give a steady-state transition from batch to fed-batch and to continuous operation. In this respect, considerations in the literature have been extended. Computer solutions of the governing differential equations verify the theory and provide insight into the behavior of variable-volume stirred tank reactors.Application of variable-volume cultivation as a tool in investigating growth rates at low substrate levels is suggested. Variable-volume bioreactor systems could be also to obtain controlled dynamic conditions for research or production purposes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171210
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  • 61
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Application of modified Rosenbrock's method for optimisation of nutrient media used in microorganism culturing (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1833-1837 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171214
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  • 62
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immobilized-enzyme continuous-flow reactor incorporating continuous electrochemical regeneration of NAD (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 515-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Electrochemical regeneration of the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from its reduced form (NADH) has been coupled with the alcoholdehydrogenation reaction which consumes NAD and produces NADU using alcohol dehydrogenase bound to alumina. Alcohol (reactant) is added directly to the system while aldehyde (product) leaves the system through an ultrafiltration membrane which prevents loss of the cofactor. This system provides a continuous-flow process for carrying out a cofactor-requiring enzymatic reaction with no net loss or consumption of enzyme or cofactor and without the use of reagents for regenerating the cofactor. Although the process shown here is not economically practical, it may be a harbinger of useful and technically feasible chemical reaction systems based on immobilized enzymes requiring cofactors.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170405
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  • 63
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Production of the mouse mammary tumor virus in cultures of BALB/cfC3H strain (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 733-743 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The mouse mammary tumor virus (MTV) reproduces by a budding mechanism at the cell membrane of mouse mammary epithelial cells. In tissue culture, the tumor cells release their virions in the culture supernatant from which they can be removed by high speed centrifugation. Mammary tumor cells from the RIII, GR, and A strains of mice generally produce yields of virus which decrease after a few months. Cells derived from a spontaneous mammary tumor in a BALB/cfC3H mouse have shown the capability to shed relatively large amounts of virus continuously. A quantitative estimation by membrane immunofluorescence of the number of virus producing cells in one-year-old cultures revealed the presence of viral antigen on 80 to 90% of the cells; by comparison, cultures from other mouse strains had a ratio of only 10 to 15% virus producing cells. High speed centrifugation pellets obtained from 50 ml culture supernatant provided large amounts of mature virus particles which have been characterized by electron microscopy.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170509
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  • 64
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170601
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  • 65
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Growth and immunogenicity of foot-and-mouth disease virus in baby hamster kidney cells adapted to and continuously grown in a serum-free chemically defined media (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 765-778 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The production of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus in baby hamster kidney (BHK) suspension cells grown in serum-free media for subsequent use in vaccines was attempted because of the limited availability of serum in quantities sufficient for propagation of large amounts of cells, as well as the possible presence of mycoplasma, viral contaminants, and interfering antibodies in sera. Suspension cultures (50 to 600 ml) of BHK-21 cells adapted to and continually passed in a glutamine-free autoclavable, chemically defined medium (BHK-S system) were infected with all seven types of FMD virus. Cells were infected at multiplicities of infection (MOI) ranging from 10-1 to 10-7 plaque-forming units per cell (PFU/cell). The time course of infectious virus release and the amount of complement-fixing (CF) antigen produced were then followed. Peak harvest infectivities of approximately 108.5 PFU/ml were obtained from 12 to 24 hr after inoculation, depending on input MOI, and were apparently independent of cell concentration over the range 1.5 to 4.0 million cells/ml; the CF endpoint dilutions increased from 1:12 at the lower cell concentrations to 1:48 at the highest cell concentration. Monovalent and trivalent vaccines have been produced using viruses from the BHK-S system, inactivated with acetylethyleneimine and emulsified in oil, and the results of tests in steers and guinea pigs are presented.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170511
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  • 66
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A hydrodynamic mechanism for the disintegration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in an industrial homogenizer (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 845-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Amongst the commercial type of homogenizers the Manton-GaulinAPV homogenizer (APV Company Ltd., Crawley, Surrey, England) which is generally being used for other purposes than cell disintegration processes, has recently been proved to be effective for the breakage of yeast cells. To understand fully the disintegration process occurring in such machines it becomes necessary to describe their functions through mathematical expressionsbased on a realistic hydrodynamic model.A mathematical expression describing the protein release at an applied pressure has been derived from an energy balance in the homogenizer combined with the size distribution function of yeast cell population. This expression has been confirmed experimentally under conditions where it shows that turbulence is the controlling factor in the system. Furthermore it indicates the area where more investigations are needed to improve the efficiency of the process of disintegration.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170606
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  • 67
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electrostatic and hydrophobic effects in affinity chromatography (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 895-914 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A semi-quantitative theory is developed to explain the nonspecific binding of proteins to substituted affinity chromatography supports due to electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. The equilibrium constant for the absorption of an enzyme to a solid support, and the rate of desorption of the enzyme are studied as functions of ionic strength. Experimental measurements were taken of the adsorption equilibrium constant and rate of desorption of E. coli β-galactosidase on Sepharose 4B substituted with 3, 3,-diaminodipropylamine in batch systems. It was found that the enzyme adsorption exhibits a hysteresis effect as the ionic strength is increased and then decreased. Furthermore, the adsorption of theenzyme becomes more reversible at the lower ionic strengths, while at the higher ionic strengths it is essentially irreversible. Using the measured equilibrium constants, and knowing the region of ionic strength where the adsorption becomes reversible, we were able to predict the desorption of enzyme in a continuous stirred tank as a function of time when a decreasing linear gradient of ionic strength was introduced into a slurry. It was found that the presence of another protein, hemoglobin, does not affect these results, and therefore can be separated from the enzyme.
    Zusätzliches Material: 12 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170609
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  • 68
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Continuous culture of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on a zinc sulfide concentrate (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 939-939 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170612
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  • 69
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Utilization of hydrophobic interaction, for the formation of an enzyme reactor bed (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 613-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170413
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  • 70
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170501
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  • 71
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Protease covalently coupled to porous glass: Preparation and characterization (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1019-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A microbial protease was immobilized by covalent attachment, to porous glass. This material was characterized for pH optimum, thermal stability, and operational half-life using casein as substrate.The immobilized enzyme was used for preparation of soya hydrolysates, low in free amino acids with high solubility.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170706
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  • 72
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The transient response to pH and temperature shock loading of fermentation systemsPresented at the 168th National Meeting, American Chemical Society, Atlantic City, New Jersey, September, 1974. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1051-1064 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Recent findings in the author's laboratories relative to the determination of the mode of response of continuously cultured heterogeneous populations to step changes in pH and in temperature are reviewed and discussed in light of possible effects of specific growth rate, μ, on the severity of substrate leakage in the effluent during the transient phase.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170708
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  • 73
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Autoclavable low cost serum-free cell culture media. The growth of L Cells and BHK cells on peptones (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 745-764 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The growth of L-929 cells on a series of peptones, and protein hydrolysates was examined, and it was found that when MEM was supplemented with any of a series of peptones, cell growth was about as good as when serum was used as a supplement. Protein hydrolysates did not support cell growth very well and at higher concentrations actually reduced cell growth. L-929 and L-60TM cells were grown both as monolayers or stationary suspensions and in agitated systems in MEM supplemented with 0.5 - 1% bactopeptone. The addition of macromolecular compounds, insulin or oleic acid had no effect on cell growth. BHK cells were also grown on media supplemented with bactopeptone but richer media (MEM-alpha, F-12, or RMPI1640) gave higher cell yields. The cells did not form the monolayers observed with fetal calf serum, but a partial suspension system. Addition of a detergent Darvan #2 gave a totally suspension culture in both stationary and agitated systems.The production of Sindbis virus in BHK cells grown in serum-free media was examined and the yield of virus was found to be about the same as that produced in serum-supplemented systems. It is estimated that the cost of cell production media could be reduced by about 90% by the replacement of serum supplement by peptones.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170510
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  • 74
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Editorial note (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. i 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170602
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  • 75
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microbial systems for study of the biotransformations of drugs (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 785-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The metabolic fate of drugs and other xenobiotics in mammalian organisms represents an area of intense contemporary interest. Traditionally, it is a difficult area of research becausethe biological systems which are used to study biotransformations are capable of yielding only minute quantities of metabolites. Recent developments in comparative biochemistry have made itpossible to link diverse metabolic systems through similarities in the pathways by which they alter foreign organic compounds. The potential thus exists for utilizing microbial metabolic systems to study and possibly predict the metabolic fate of a drug or other foreign compound in mammals. The ease with which microbial systems may be used to obtain large amounts of metabolites is an obvious Advantage.We havhe attemped to review the ways in which mammalian and microbialorganisms metabolize a variety of organic compounds. Attention has been focused on the similarities and differences in the mechanisms by which these living systems metabolize xenobiotics. Particular emphasis has been given to four types of reactions which are important in drug biotransformations: aromatic hydroxylationl; N- and O-dealkylations; and sulfur oxygenations.
    Zusätzliches Material: 16 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170603
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  • 76
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of growth conditions on the oxygen equivalence of microbial cells (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 859-872 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A natural microbial population of sewage origin was grown at four temperatures (10, 20, 30, 40°C) and five mean residence times (3, 6, 12, 18, 24 hr) in a continuous stirred tank reactor. Samples of cells were removed during steady-state operation and analyzed for chemical oxygen demand (COD), ash content, protein, carbohydrate, and nucleic acids. The oxygen equivalence (OE) of the cells was measured directly as g COD/g ash-free cells and was determined indirectly by calculating the calorific content from the macromolecular composition. The results indicate that OE is a function of growth conditions. Furthermore the COD test is a poor measureof OE because of a high level of variation associated with the test. Additional studies should be performed using bomb calorimetry to establish a quantitative relationship between growth conditions and OE.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170607
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  • 77
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microbial film fermenters: Their present and future applications (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1245-1267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The productivity of growth associated fermentations is dependent upon the quantity of biomass contained in the fermenter (microbial hold-up). In contrast, the performance characteristics of a fermenter are dominated by the form in which the microbial hold-up occurs, i.e., whether as films, flocs, or a combination of both. Industrial fermentations using biological films include biological waste-water treatment (trickling filter, rotating disc), the “quick” vinegar process, animal tissue culture, and bacterial leaching.Atkinson and Davies (Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng., 50, 208 (1972)), proposed a completely mixed microbial film fermenter (CMMFF) based upon the fluidized bed principle, for application to continuous operation when using growth associated systems. The potential performance characteristics of this fermenter are reviewed and the construction of a laboratory scale unit capable ofaseptic operation is described (volume 9 liters, maximum throughput 15 liter/hr). The fermenter has been continuously used for periods up to 2500 hr without contamination when growing brewer's yeast (NCYC 1026 flocculating). The experimental performance characteristics have been interpreted with the aid of the theory for the CMMFF.The knowledge and experience gained to date is used as a basis for speculation as to the future role of microbial film fermenters in the biochemical process industries.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170902
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  • 78
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Studies on the production of bacterial rennet in a pilot plant fermentor (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1349-1361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An attempt was made to find out the optimum aeration and agitation rates on the production of bacterial rennet from Bacillus sublilis K-26 using 5% wheat bran medium in a 13 liter fermentor. The enzyme activity and the growth rate were shown to increase with an increase in the rate of agitation. The fermentation experiments carried out at an agitation rate of 400 rpm showed an approximate threefold increase in enzyme activity with a considerable decrease in the fermentation time over those agitated at 200 and 300 rpm. The beneficial effect of a higher oxygen rate was observed for enzyme production occurring at a lower agitation rate. The inoculum activity and the varying amounts of antifoam agent which were added showed no apparent effect either on the total incubation time or on the final enzyme activity. It has been suggested that an agitation rate of 400 rpm with an aeration level of 3000 cc/min are the optimum values for the efficient production of bacterial rennet from B. subtilis K-26 using 5% wheat bran medium in a 13 liter fermentor.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170909
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  • 79
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Citric acid from purified carob sugars (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1373-1374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstrast.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170913
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  • 80
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Mass transfer coefficients in coiled tubes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1383-1385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: No Abstrast.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170916
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  • 81
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Continuous culture of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans on a zinc sulfide concentrate (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 31-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A zinc sulfide concentrate was leached microbiologically by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans in a continuous stirred tank reactor. A model was developed to predict, the leaching kinetics when the bacterial growth rate was not limited by any substrate other than the zinc concentrate, and it was modified to explain the observed results.Stable steady sates were obtained over a range of dilution rates from 0.0171 to 0.1038 hr-1. Because a solid substrate was used, the specific growth rate of the bacaeria was not a unique function of the subastrate concentration, and conventional contnuous culture theory based on the Monod equation did not apply to this system. The leaching rates and bacterial growth rates were first order in mineral surface area cocentration.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170104
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  • 82
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immobilized enzymes: Pectin esterase covalently coupled to dorous glass particles (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 85-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Pectin esterase (E.C. 3.1.1.11) was covalently immobilized to porous glass particles by reaction of the native protein with pendant, benzoyl azide groups of the carrier. Enzyme loading on the carrier was 0.5 unit per ml as measured by pH stat, assay. Decreasing the size of the immobilized enzyme particles by grinding produced a 12-fold increase in activity suggesting severe internal mass transport restrictions on turnover kinetics, Gross fractionation of the citrus pectin substrate into high and low molecular weight categories and their subsequent use in kinetic characterization shows no effect of molecular weight upon the kinetic behavior of the native enzyme. In contrast the immobilized enzyme displayed a 5-fold increase in the apparent. Km for the high molecular weight fraction relative to that of the low molecular weight fraction. A striking difference exists in the low pH profile of immobilized pectin esterase relative to the native enzyme. Carrier matrix interactions with the polyelectrolyte substrate are invoked to explain this difference. The thermal stability of the immobilized enzyme is relatively low and displays a half-life of approximately 2 weeks at 25°C.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170107
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  • 83
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High productivity tank fermentation for gramicidin S synthetases (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 143-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A high productivity tank fermentation for gramicidin S synthetases has been developed to supply biocatalyst for a preparative-scale ATP-driven cell-free enzymatic synthesis employing the polypeptide antibiotic, gramicidin S, as a model product. A rich, complex medium supports rapid and dense growth of the enzyme-producing microorganism, Bacillus brevis ATCC 9999, accompanied by the appearance of excellentenzyme activities. Under conditions used, the two enzyme fractions of the gramicidin S synthesizing system, as well as the total enzymatic activity for synthesis of gramicidin S, all reach their maxima simultaneously at the point where growth enters the stationary phase. Successful batch enzyme fermentations have been performed at the bench (14 liter) and pilot (180 liter)scales.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170112
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  • 84
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Starch conversion by soluble and immobilized α-amylase (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 153-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: B. subtilis α-amylase was immobilized on cyanogen bromide activated carboxymethyl cellulose. The conversion of wheat starchwas carried out at 72°C in a stirred tank by soluble and immobilized α-amylase. The initial reaction rate with immobilized α-amylase was lower than with the soluble enzyme, but after 1 hr immobilized α-amylase produced a higher quantity of reducing sugars than the soluble enzyme. The action pattern of immobilized α-amylase was different from that of the soluble enzyme: immobilized α-amylase produced relatively more glucose and maltose, except at the beginning of conversion. Immobilized α- readily hydrolyze G6. The starch conversion by immobilized α-amylase was not diffusion controlled at a stirring rate of 100-300 rpm.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170203
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  • 85
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    High-yield growth of E. coli at different temperatures in a bench scale fermentor (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 227-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: E. coli wax grown exponentially at different temperatures in a bench scale fermentor. pH was maintained at 6.8 by ammonia which served also as the nitrogen source. Glucose was introduced semi-continuously at a predetermined rate which ensured a glucose concentration of 25-50 g/liter during growth. The culture was sparged with pure oxygen.Yield constants for glucose, nitrogen, phosphorus, and oxygen were determined at the different temperatures of propagation.When all growth conditions, except temperature, were kept constant, the maximal possible yield of exponentially grown cell mass was found to be directly proportional to the doubling time. Concentrations of up to 55 g dry cells/liter culture were achieved.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170208
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  • 86
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An equation for batch bacterial growth (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 271-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170211
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  • 87
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immobilization of catalase and glucose oxidase on inorganic supports (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 285-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170215
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  • 88
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170301
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  • 89
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fermentation of waste mechanical fibers from a newsprint mill by the rot fungus Sporotrichum pulverulentum (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 327-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The growth and protein production of Sporotrichum pulverulentum, formerly called Chrysosporium lignorum, have been studied in submerged cultures using lignin-containing waste fibers from a newsprint mill as the only carbon source. The influence of different nitrogen sources on the growth parameters has been particularly investigated. The regulation of the production of extracellular enzymes and their interaction with the fibers is discussed. Experiments with cellulose of different degrees of polymerization and crystallinities showed that the protein content in the residual substance decreased, particularly when the crystallinity increased. When the highly crystalline powder cellulose was used as carbon source, the protein content in the residual substance was only 6% and with the mechanical waste fibers 14%. The results obtained demonstrate that the more complex the carbon source the more difficult it is to digest and the more enzyme has to be produced for its degradation. This puts a heavy burden on the protein synthesizing mechanism. Utilizing results from other work, where the endo- and exo-l, 4-β-glucanases produced by S. pulverulentum for the degradation of cellulose have been quantitatively purified, it has been calculated that the extracellular enzymes under these conditions can together account for approximately 30% of the protein in the mycelium. The endo- and exo-1,4-β-glucanases account for up to 55% of the extracellular protein.Certain possibilities of producing a final product with a high protein content using complex carbon sources are also mentioned.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170304
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  • 90
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electrochemical evaluation of glucose oxidase immobilized by different methodsPresented in part at the 7th intersociety energy conversion engineering conference, September 25-29, 1972, San Diego, California. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 413-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Glucose oxidase electrodes were constructed on a platinum screen using polyacrylamide gel, glutaraldehyde crosslinking, and glutaraldehyde crosslinking with +0.04 volts dc on the platinum screen as the methods of enzyme immobilization. The electrodes were evaluated in an electrochemical cell for the oxidation of glucose at the enzyme electrode and the reduction of oxygen at a platinum auxiliary electrode, using constant current voltametry or under external load operation. The method of immobilization affected the extrapolated opencircuit potential as well as the half-cell potential and the steady current under external load operation. The charged glutaraldehyde electrode gave the best current performance; however, the small output (microamps) indicated that major problems in electron transfer from an enzyme catalyst to an external circuit must be resolved before such electrodes can be used in practical application.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170309
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  • 91
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of internal diffusion on the lineweaver-Burk plots for immobilized enzymes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 423-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The effect of internal diffusion on the slope and the intercept of the LineweaverBurk plots for the immobilized enzyme was considered theoretically and it was found that the slope and the intercept are influenced not only by the dimensionless term M but also by the range of the dimensionless bulk substrate concentration ζb. The dependencies of the slope and the intercept on M and on the rate of ζb are shown graphically. Accurate estimations of M and the maximum velocity of the immobilized enzyme give the true, not apparent, Michaelis constant. It is shown that the linear correlations in the Lineweaver-Burk plots do not always coincide with the correlations for the estimation of M and the maximum velocity. It also is shown that large values of M may induce a serious error in the estimation of M with large values of ζb and in an estimation of the maximum velocity with small values of ζb.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170310
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  • 92
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immobilization of trypsin on carbon (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 455-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170315
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  • 93
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170401
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  • 94
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxygen transfer to mixed cultures in tower systems (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 499-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A modified dynamic method is introduced to determine the oxygen transfer coefficient, KL a, in aerobic fermentation systems which are not mechanically agitated. The dissolved oxygen concentration is measured continuously following a step down or a step up in aeration rate. The response curve is analyzed to obtain the value of KLaExperiments were carried out at several different air flow rates using mixed culture in concurrent tower fermentors with motionless mixers. The effect of sieve trays and Koch motionless mixers on oxygen transfer was investigated using a 3 in. diameter column. The values of KL aobtained at the bottom of each column were found to be higher than those obtained at the top. Comparison of the results showed that the values ofKL a were higher when the Koch mixers were used than when the sieve trays were employed.The oxygen uptake rate by the organisms rX, is also calculated by using the KL a values obtained. They compare favorably withthe experimentally measured values.
    Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170404
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  • 95
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Efficient biokinetic experimental designs (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 557-570 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Of the experimental methods available for obtaining data to estimate the biological kinetic parameters μm, Ks, and Yeach requires considerable experimental effort, yet often yields somewhat imprecise estimates of the parameters, particularly Ks. Therefore it would be worthwhile to seek ways to get parameter estimates of greater precision using less experimental effort. The precision of parameter estimates is strongly dependent, upon the settings of the independent, variables used in the experiments. This dependence is explained and an attempt made to show how experimental settings can be determined that lead efficiently to precise parameter estimates with minimal effort.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170408
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  • 96
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A theoretical analysis of microorganism cultivation in cyclic batch and recirculating plug flow processes (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 779-784 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170512
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  • 97
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The enzymatic transformation of water-insoluble reactants in nonaqueous solvents. Conversion of cholesterol to cholest-4-ene-3-one by a Ncardia sp. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 815-826 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The rapid conversion of cholesterol to cholestenone by Nocardia in the presence of high proportions of water-immiscible solvent has been demonstrated. At high agitator speeds, the reaction rate was not limited by the rates of transfer of oxygen or cholesterol to the microorganisms. Using 100 g of thawed cells in 200 ml of carbon tetrachloride containing 16% (w/v) cholesterol, at 20°C cholestenone was formed at 7 g/hr. Cells could be separated easily from the organic solvent and reused. After 7 runs (69 hr) the reaction rate had fallen only to half the value for the first run.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170604
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  • 98
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Continuous hydrolysis of sucrose by invertase adsorbed in a tubular reactorThis paper was presentedin part at the international symposium on insolubilized enzymes, milan, italy, june 15 and 16, 1973. (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 827-844 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Studies were made of invertase adsorption on Amberlite ion exchange resins. Up to 4000 units of adsorbed enzymatic activity (aea) were obtainedper g of IRA 93 resin; for an aea of 1600 units, the maximum ratio of aea over units of soluble enzyme used for adsorption was close to 50%. Nodesorption occurred during extensive washing at 30°C with 0.01M sodiumacetate buffer at pH 5. Progressive desorption of aea from the invertase-IRA 93 complex occurred when buffer molarity and temperature were increased. Desorption differed only slightly when the buffer pH was 3 or 5. Theoptimum pH of aea was 3.2 with IRA 93 resin, and varied between 3.2 and 5.1with other resins, depending on their anionic or cationic nature. Batch hydrolysis of sucrose by IRA 93-adsorbed invertase followed 1st order kinetics with respect to the substrate concentration, as in the case of soluble invertase.Continuous sucrose hydrolysis with IRA 93-adsorbed invertase was performed in a tubular reactor, and the percent conversion was experimentally determined as a function of the flow rate. The reaction was experimentally determined 50% (w/v) sucrose solution, at pH4 and 30°C; at the selected flow rate, the ratio of sucrose hydrolysis remained constant and close to 76%. This shows that invertase was not desorbed from the tubular reactor. Some continuous hydrolyses were performed with an industrial sucrose solution: enzymatic activity seemed to be stable for anextended period for time (1 month) at 30°C and pH 3 or 4.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170605
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  • 99
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rapid measurement of monod half-velocity coefficients for bacterial kinetics (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 915-924 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The common methods for measuring Monod half-velocity coefficients are reviewed. All methods have serious disadvantages for obtaining rapid and accurate measurements whether batch-fed or continuous-fed systems are used. An “infinite dilution” technique is described that overcomes these difficulties. Data obtained by this method for autotrophic oxidation of NO2- and NH4+gave 20°C, pH 7.0, K3 values of 0.07 mg NO2--N/liter and 0.50 mg NH4±N/liter, respectively.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170610
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  • 100
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Masthead (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170701
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