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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (8)
  • 1955-1959  (8)
  • 1920-1924
  • Agrobacterium  (4)
  • protoplasts  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protoplast technology for the breeding of top-fruit trees (Prunus, Pyrus, Malus, Rubus) and woody ornamentals (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 287-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: protoplasts ; protoclonal variation ; somatic hybridization ; top-fruit trees ; woody ornamentals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Until recently, temperate fruit trees and woody ornamentals have been regarded as recalcitrant to biotechnological breeding approaches based on protoplasts. This however should no longer be the case, as procedures are now available, not only for the regeneration of complete plants from protoplasts of various tissues of such species, but also for the exploitation of protoplast technology for their genetic manipulation. This paper will examine the recent advances and state of the art in this domain, with particular attention to the use of protoplast technology as a novel tool in the breeding of rosaceous top-fruit tree species and woody ornamentals. Problems and their solutions within the context of regenerating plants from isolated protoplasts of stone (Prunus spp.), pome (Pyrus spp., Malus spp.) and small (Rubus spp.) fruits, and of several shrubby ornamental genotypes (Lonicera spp., Weigela spp., Forsythia spp., Cotoneaster spp.) will be addressed. Interspecific (Prunus spinosa + Prunus cerasifera) and intergeneric (Forsythia spp. + Syringa spp.) somatic hybridization within this group of species, as well as the use of protoplasts for host/pathogen interaction studies (Pyrus/Erwinia amylovora) will also be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023958
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of lily by Agrobacterium (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 97-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; transformation ; lily ; β-glucuronidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Lily cv. Harmony was inoculated with several Agrobacterium strains to study its susceptibility to Agrobacterium infection and transformation. Tumorous tissue formation on inoculated stem internodes of sterile-grown plantlets, as well as expression of a β-glucuronidase marker gene interrupted by an intron in cells of inoculated stem nodes, indicate that the monocotyledon Lilium is a host for Agrobacterium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023935
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of different (CaMV 35S and mas) promoter activities and risk assessment of field use in transgenic rapeseed plants (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 411-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Brassica napus ; CaMV 35S promoter ; mas promoter ; gene expression ; risk assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Gene fusions between the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and the promoters of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA transcript (CaMV 35S) and the mannopine synthase (mas) genes were introduced into rapeseed varieties via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Fluorometric assay of β-glucuronidase activity indicated different expression patterns for the two promoters. In seedlings, the CaMV 35S promoter had maximum activity in the primary roots, while the mas promoter was most active in the cotyledons. Etiolated seedlings cultured in the dark showed reduced activity of the mas promoter. Before vernalization at the rosette stage, both promoters were more active in older plant parts than in younger ones. At this stage the highest activity was recorded in cotyledons. After the plants had bolted reduced promoter function was detected in the upper parts of the transformed plants. Both promoters were found to be functional in the majority of the studied organs of transgenic rapeseed plants, but the promoter activity varied considerably between the organs at different developmental stages. The ability of pollen to transfer the introduced genes to other varieties and related species (e.g. Brassica napus and Diplotaxus muralis) by cross-pollination was studied in greenhouse experiments, and field trials were carried out to estimate the distance for biologically-relevant gene dispersal. In artificial crossing, the introduced marker gene was transferable into other varieties of Brassica napus. In field trials, at a distance of 1 metre from the source of transgenic plants, the frequency of an outcrossing event was relatively high (10-3). Resistant individuals were found at 16 and 32 metres from the transgenic pollen donors, but the frequency of an outcrossing event dropped to 10-5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023974
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene specificity is maintained in transient expression assays with protoplasts derived from different tissues of barley (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 203-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: barley ; electroporation ; PEG-mediated DNA uptake ; promoter analysis ; protoplasts ; transient expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In some cereal species that are still recalcitrant to stable transformation and regeneration, transient expression in isolated protoplasts is a useful tool for the study of gene expression and regulation. We have successfully applied these techniques to barley protoplasts derived from developing endosperm, aleurone, leaves and roots in order to characterize functionally cis-acting motives in two gene promoters, corresponding to trypsin inhibitor BTI-CMe and to sucrose synthase Ss1. Gene specificity is maintained in transient expression assays with protoplasts isolated from these different barley tissues and the pattern of expression parallels the mRNA levels observed for the corresponding genes in the same tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023949
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The phenotypic characterisation of R2 generation transgenic rice plants under field and glasshouse conditions (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 395-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Oryza sativa L. cv. Taipei 309 ; rice ; protoplasts ; direct DNA uptake ; kanamycin-resistant transgenic plants ; field trial ; glasshouse trial ; neomycin phosphotransferase II (npt II) gene ; gene expression and inheritance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The phenotypes of seed progeny (R2 generation) of Oryza sativa L. cv. Taipei 309, which carried the neomycin phosphotransferase II (npt II) gene, were compared with those of non-transformed, protoplast-derived plants of the same generation and non-transformed, seed-derived plants under field and glasshouse conditions. Under both conditions the transgenic plants were generally smaller, took longer to flower and had reduced fertility. Significant differences were observed between individuals within the group of transgenic plants. The npt II gene was present in most of the transgenic plants, but NPT II activity was only detected in a minority of individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023972
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies of the mechanism of transgene integration into plant protoplasts: improvement of the transformation rate (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 53-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: bleomycin ; direct gene transfer ; expression ; irradiation ; petunia ; protoplasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The production of transgenic plants by means of direct gene transfer to protoplasts is now a widely-used technique. The biological mechanisms underlying the transformation are still poorly understood, but many investigations have attempted to shed light on some components of this process. Varying the experimental conditions has in some cases led to better transformation rates, but further improvements of the protocols are possible. Such improvements will require a better understanding of how the alien DNA enters the cells, becomes integrated into the chromosomes and is treated as a part of the plant genome. Irradiation with sublethal doses of X-rays or UV-light has been shown to increase the transformation frequency, while certain drugs have been shown to act in a similar manner. The effects of these and other factors are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023930
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An assessment of morphogenic and transformation efficiency in a range of varieties of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; plant regeneration ; potato ; Solanum tuberosum ; tissue culture ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary To provide a truly genotype-independent transformation system, it is necessary to be able to transform a wide range of potato genotypes. The ability to regenerate shoots in vitro was determined for 34 potato varieties using tuber disc explants. Following a culture regime used extensively in previous studies with the variety Desiree, half of the varieties could be regenerated from tuber discs and half could not. From a sample of varieties that could be regenerated from tuber discs, all but one variety gave transgenic plants. Twelve varieties were evaluated for the capacity to regenerate shoots from leaf and internode explants excised from in vitro grown plants. All of the varieties tested regenerated adventitious shoots. Leaf and internode explants from 5 varieties were subsequently used for transformation, and transgenic plants were produced from two potato varieties that did not give transgenic plants from tuber disc explants. Some varieties could not be transformed by either method, and will require modification of the in vitro regeneration and transformation system to be successful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023936
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some methodological aspects of apple transformation by Agrobacterium (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 131-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: apple ; transformation ; Agrobacterium ; preculture ; azacytidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Leaf explants of apple cvs Gala and Golden Delicious were infected with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL0(pMOG410). The effects of a 2 d preculture of the explants before infection and the addition of 5-azacytidine to the selection medium were studied. The percentages of GUS-positive explants after 5 w did not significantly alter due to these treatments. One of the ‘Gala’ shoots, which was removed from a leaf explant cultured for 8 w on selection medium, proved to be GUS-positive and will be analyzed further. In general, however, it should be concluded that regeneration of transgenic shoots directly from leaf tissue was not very effective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023941
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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