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  • 1955-1959  (8)
  • 1890-1899
  • 1830-1839
  • Agrobacterium  (4)
  • somatic hybridization  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protoplast technology for the breeding of top-fruit trees (Prunus, Pyrus, Malus, Rubus) and woody ornamentals (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 287-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: protoplasts ; protoclonal variation ; somatic hybridization ; top-fruit trees ; woody ornamentals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Until recently, temperate fruit trees and woody ornamentals have been regarded as recalcitrant to biotechnological breeding approaches based on protoplasts. This however should no longer be the case, as procedures are now available, not only for the regeneration of complete plants from protoplasts of various tissues of such species, but also for the exploitation of protoplast technology for their genetic manipulation. This paper will examine the recent advances and state of the art in this domain, with particular attention to the use of protoplast technology as a novel tool in the breeding of rosaceous top-fruit tree species and woody ornamentals. Problems and their solutions within the context of regenerating plants from isolated protoplasts of stone (Prunus spp.), pome (Pyrus spp., Malus spp.) and small (Rubus spp.) fruits, and of several shrubby ornamental genotypes (Lonicera spp., Weigela spp., Forsythia spp., Cotoneaster spp.) will be addressed. Interspecific (Prunus spinosa + Prunus cerasifera) and intergeneric (Forsythia spp. + Syringa spp.) somatic hybridization within this group of species, as well as the use of protoplasts for host/pathogen interaction studies (Pyrus/Erwinia amylovora) will also be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023958
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of lily by Agrobacterium (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 97-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; transformation ; lily ; β-glucuronidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Lily cv. Harmony was inoculated with several Agrobacterium strains to study its susceptibility to Agrobacterium infection and transformation. Tumorous tissue formation on inoculated stem internodes of sterile-grown plantlets, as well as expression of a β-glucuronidase marker gene interrupted by an intron in cells of inoculated stem nodes, indicate that the monocotyledon Lilium is a host for Agrobacterium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023935
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The potential of somatic hybridization in crop breeding (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 217-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: crop improvement ; alien gene transfer ; progeny analysis ; somatic hybridization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In recent years, the rapid development of somatic cell genetics has made possible the transfer of alien genes over wide taxonomic distances by somatic hybridization. In this review, the potential of somatic hybridization in the breeding of crops within the Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae and Solanaceae is discussed. It is evident from these studies that many hybrids, either symmetric or asymmetric, which are fertile have the potential to be used as a bridge between the alien species and the crop. Progeny analysis of some hybrid combinations also reveals intergenomic translocations which may lead to the introgression of the alien genes. Furthermore, fusion techniques enable the resynthesis of allopolyploid crops to increase their genetic variability and to restore ploidy level and heterozygosity after breeding at reduced ploidy level in polyploid crops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023951
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of different (CaMV 35S and mas) promoter activities and risk assessment of field use in transgenic rapeseed plants (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 411-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; Brassica napus ; CaMV 35S promoter ; mas promoter ; gene expression ; risk assessment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Gene fusions between the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and the promoters of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA transcript (CaMV 35S) and the mannopine synthase (mas) genes were introduced into rapeseed varieties via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Fluorometric assay of β-glucuronidase activity indicated different expression patterns for the two promoters. In seedlings, the CaMV 35S promoter had maximum activity in the primary roots, while the mas promoter was most active in the cotyledons. Etiolated seedlings cultured in the dark showed reduced activity of the mas promoter. Before vernalization at the rosette stage, both promoters were more active in older plant parts than in younger ones. At this stage the highest activity was recorded in cotyledons. After the plants had bolted reduced promoter function was detected in the upper parts of the transformed plants. Both promoters were found to be functional in the majority of the studied organs of transgenic rapeseed plants, but the promoter activity varied considerably between the organs at different developmental stages. The ability of pollen to transfer the introduced genes to other varieties and related species (e.g. Brassica napus and Diplotaxus muralis) by cross-pollination was studied in greenhouse experiments, and field trials were carried out to estimate the distance for biologically-relevant gene dispersal. In artificial crossing, the introduced marker gene was transferable into other varieties of Brassica napus. In field trials, at a distance of 1 metre from the source of transgenic plants, the frequency of an outcrossing event was relatively high (10-3). Resistant individuals were found at 16 and 32 metres from the transgenic pollen donors, but the frequency of an outcrossing event dropped to 10-5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023974
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The integration of protoplast fusion-derived material into a potato breeding programme — a review of progress and problems (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 451-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Solanum tuberosum ; somatic hybridization ; regeneration ; asymmetric fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary This paper reviews investigations into the application of protoplast fusion to the genetic and agronomic improvement of potato. Fusion studies involving Solanum tuberosum are reviewed under the categories of: fusion with wild relatives, dihaploid fusion and asymmetric strategies. The selection and characterisation of putative somatic hybrid material is identified as a critical stage in the process and certain specific aspects of this technology are identified. Future prospects for the wider uptake and integration of these techniques into breeding programmes are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023979
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual and somatic hybridization in the genus Lactuca (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 281-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Lactuca sativa ; Lactuca virosa ; Lactuca tatarica ; Lactuca perennis ; Iettuce ; sexual hybridization ; embryo rescue ; somatic hybridization ; protoplast fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Various genes for disease resistance identified in wild Lactuca are difficult, even impossible to exploit in lettuce breeding, due to sexual incompatibility between L. sativa and wild Lactuca sp. We adapted two cellular biology techniques to overcome these interspecific barriers: in vitro embryo rescue and protoplast fusion. In vitro rescue of immature embryos was used successfully for sexual hybridization between L. sativa and L. virosa. Vigorous hybrid plants were produced between L. sativa and seven accessions of L. virosa. Protoplast fusion permitted the regeneration of somatic hybrids between L. sativa and either L. tatarica or L. perennis. Hybrids between L. sativa and L. tatarica were backcrossed to L. sativa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023957
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An assessment of morphogenic and transformation efficiency in a range of varieties of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Agrobacterium ; plant regeneration ; potato ; Solanum tuberosum ; tissue culture ; transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary To provide a truly genotype-independent transformation system, it is necessary to be able to transform a wide range of potato genotypes. The ability to regenerate shoots in vitro was determined for 34 potato varieties using tuber disc explants. Following a culture regime used extensively in previous studies with the variety Desiree, half of the varieties could be regenerated from tuber discs and half could not. From a sample of varieties that could be regenerated from tuber discs, all but one variety gave transgenic plants. Twelve varieties were evaluated for the capacity to regenerate shoots from leaf and internode explants excised from in vitro grown plants. All of the varieties tested regenerated adventitious shoots. Leaf and internode explants from 5 varieties were subsequently used for transformation, and transgenic plants were produced from two potato varieties that did not give transgenic plants from tuber disc explants. Some varieties could not be transformed by either method, and will require modification of the in vitro regeneration and transformation system to be successful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023936
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some methodological aspects of apple transformation by Agrobacterium (1955)
    Springer
    Euphytica 85 (1955), S. 131-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: apple ; transformation ; Agrobacterium ; preculture ; azacytidine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Leaf explants of apple cvs Gala and Golden Delicious were infected with the Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL0(pMOG410). The effects of a 2 d preculture of the explants before infection and the addition of 5-azacytidine to the selection medium were studied. The percentages of GUS-positive explants after 5 w did not significantly alter due to these treatments. One of the ‘Gala’ shoots, which was removed from a leaf explant cultured for 8 w on selection medium, proved to be GUS-positive and will be analyzed further. In general, however, it should be concluded that regeneration of transgenic shoots directly from leaf tissue was not very effective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023941
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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