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  • 1985-1989  (324)
  • 1986  (324)
  • Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics  (324)
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 495-508 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The nature of the red shift of frequencies of the fundamental modes, v1 and v3, in the OH stretching region of the vibrational spectrum of ice (and, possibly, in water) under H-bonding formation is explained in the framework of the continuum approach for the one-dimensional infinite chain of water molecules represented as dipolar and polarizable OH oscillators vibrating in the definite force field. The explicit expressions in the form of the generalized cnoidal nonlinear waves describing these fundamental modes and obtained as the solutions of the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation of motion, and their red shifts that are consistent with experimental observations, are presented.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 102
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 543-562 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Spin and charge densities for several atoms and molecules can be calculated by the use of the Hiller-Sucher-Feinberg identities in the Hartree-Fock (HF) or the unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF) level with Gaussian basis sets. Previously presented formulas for the necessary integrals are improved for rapid computations when the d-type Gaussian functions are added to the basis set. For charge density, a reliable description is obtained even for the HF or the UHF wave function, despite the use of the noncusp basis functions. The lack of the cusp in the Gaussian functions can be overcome also for spin density.
    Additional Material: 12 Tab.
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  • 103
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 567-569 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 104
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 573-573 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 105
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 149-161 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The method of local-scaling transformations is developed with a view to applications of the nonrelativistic quantum mechanical variational principle in quantum chemistry. Some properties of local-scaling transformations are studied. The method presented links local-scaling transformations and one-electron densities via the ordinary differential equation that provides a proof of the theorem on the existence of the energy density functional within any given orbit and its universality in a sense of the general theory of ordinary differential equations, and allows the construction of this functional explicitly.
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  • 106
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 119-128 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A direct and general method is presented for constructing the orthogonal spin representation matrices (irreps) of the permutation group corresponding to the Yammanouchi-Kotani coupling scheme. For arbitrary permutations the irreps are constructed directly from the Young tableaus by a process which is, in general, only quadratic in the number of spin eigenfunctions, but which in actual computations becomes linear on vector computers for moderate sizes of the matrices. We also introduce a graphical representation of the group elements and a universal lexical ordering of permutations. The methods have been implemented and computational examples are presented.
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  • 107
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 101-118 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An additive procedure is derived for the computation of intermolecular interactions, in which an explicit expression for the charge-transfer energy contribution ECT is implemented. In the total interaction energy, \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \Delta E = E_{{\rm MTP}} + E_{{\rm pol}} + E_{{\rm CT}} + E_{{\rm disp}} + E_{{\rm rep}}, $$ \end{document} the electrostatic terms EMTP and Epol are calculated as in our previous treatment. The dispersion contribution is calibrated by reference to variation-perturbation computations on model systems and the repulsion contribution is computed as a sum of bond - bond, bond - lone pair, and lone pair - lone pair interactions. Tests of the procedure are given for representative hydrogen-bonded systems.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 108
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for using many-dimensional hydrogen-like wave functions as a starting point for constructing solutions to the Schrödinger equation of an N-particle system. The solutions are built up from symmetry-adapted hyperspherical harmonics, multiplied by functions of the hyperradius, r. Approximate asymptotic solutions for large values of r are discussed, as well as approximate solutions valid near r = 0. Properties of hyperspherical harmonics are discussed. General methods are presented for resolving arbitrary functions into hyperspherical harmonics and for constructing simultaneous eigenfunctions of generalized angular momentum and total orbital angular momentum.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 109
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 163-164 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 110
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 165-167 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 111
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 169-169 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 112
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 171-171 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 113
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 114
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. v 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 115
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. vii 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 116
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 211-219 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A second-quantization formalism combined with a hypervirial theorem is used to derive new recurrence relations for one-dimensional harmonic oscillator matrix elements. The most general case of 〈m|f(â, â+)|n〉 is considered, and the recurrence relations forf(â, â) = Xk, exp(-βX), and exp(-X2) are given as examples. The relations obtained are considerably simpler than those derived by using only the hypervirial theorem; comparatively, the recurrence relations presented here have the advantage of avoiding the use of the quantum mechanical sum-rules when determining initial matrix elements. The proposed procedure can be used to determine the recurrence relations for other potentials as well as to evaluate the two-center integrals.
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  • 117
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 241-247 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: LCGTO-LSD calculations for ground (3B1) and excited (1A1) states of methylene, CH2, have been performed. Various exchange-correlation potentials and a variety of basis sets (including f functions) have been used. For both states the LSD optimized geometry agrees well with both experimental and the most advanced ab initio results. The correct ground state is found, and the 1A1-3B1 energy separation was found to be ∼ 15 kcal/mol, using the “best” local exchange-correlation potential (VWN), the experimental value being ∼ 9 kcal/mol. This result compares favorably with the Hartree-Fock limit separation of 25 kcal/mol. The Kohn-Sham exchange potential leads to a gap of ∼26 kcal/mol.
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  • 118
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 249-260 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We derive exact relationships for the reduced density matrices in representations where the transformation matrix is a product of one-body transformation matrices. We specialize to the momentum and onebody energy representations. By decoupling the equations we are able to write the Hartree-Fock equation in terms of the first-order density matrix in an arbitrary representation. Applications to reduced local energy and the correlation problem are discussed.
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  • 119
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 261-272 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Asymptotic expansions occur widely in quantum physics. The Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory for hydrogen in an electrostatic field (the LoSurdo - Stark effect) is one example. The 1/R expansion for the hydrogen molecule ion H+2 is a second. The quantum defect theory and the JWKB method are two more. It is not so widely known that the sum of such real asymptotic expansions may be complex, while the sum of complex asymptotic expansions may be real. The key to this nonintuitive behavior is Borel summation. By examining a simple example related to the exponential integral, the nature of this real-iscomplex, complex-is-real phenomenon is made simple. Then special application is made to derive and clarify the connection formulas (to all orders) in the JWKB method.
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  • 120
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 273-283 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper, the unitarily invariant decomposition of Hermitian operators is performed by means of irreducible tensor operators to give the explicit expression of the coupling coefficients for [1m] X [r-n] → [2s, 1t] with respect to the group structure \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm SU}^Q (2) \times U(r) $$ \end{document} with the Gel'fand chain of subgroups \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ U(r) \supset U(r - 1) \supset \cdots \supset U(1) $$\end{document}.
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  • 121
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 122
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 285-292 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ab initio calculations were carried out to study the potential energy surface of (H3C—H—CH3)-. The 6-31G* basis set is supplemented by a set of diffuse p functions on both C and H (with a range of exponents for the latter). The binding energy of CH4 and CH3- to form the (H3CH—CH3)- complex is about 2 kcal/mol, much smaller than for comparable ionic H-bonded systems involving O or N atoms. Nearly half of this interaction energy is due to correlation effects, computed at second and third orders of Møller-Plesset perturbation theory. Correlation is also responsible for substantial reductions in the energy barrier to proton transfer within the complex. This barrier is computed to be 13-15 kcal/mol at the MP3 level, depending upon the exponent used for the H p functions.
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  • 123
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 293-303 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper it is shown that, by use of the double coset decompositions of the point symmetry group and permutation group, the related symmetry coefficients and Clebsch-Gordan coefficients can be given in close formulas.
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  • 124
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 315-321 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The heavy fermion state is a recently discovered ground state for the electrons in some cerium and light actinide compounds at low temperatures. Their properties are briefly reviewed and the calculational problems they present are discussed.
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  • 125
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 305-310 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A physically meaningful charge partitioning rooted in Mulliken's scheme meets with success, provided the usual equipartitioning of overlap populations involving dissimilar atoms is abandoned in favor of a constraint rendering all alkane carbons as similar as possible to one another. Charge analyses are to be carried out after configuration interaction involving reasonably large optimized basis sets. At this level, both the relative ordering and the magnitude of theoretical atomic charges in hydrocarbons are precisely those required for energy calculations of alkanes and alkenes featuring atomic charges in an explicit manner.
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  • 126
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 345-350 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The [2s + 2a] cycloaddition of ethylene and acetylene has been studied. A transition structure of C2 symmetry was located on the potential surface. Activation energies for the process are also reported.
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  • 127
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 373-378 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Counterpoise corrections for the basis set superposition error to the components of the bimolecular interaction energy are defined for three methods of decomposition. The results for the case of the NH3 + BH3 interaction are presented and discussed.
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  • 128
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 393-397 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper we extend our previous studies to investigate the ionization energies of some XPY3 molecules (X = O, S and Y = Cl, Br). The calculated orbital energies agree very well with reported experimental ionization energies. The molecular orbital orderings obtained coincide with recent experimental orbital assignments. The results are also compared with previous ab initio and semiempirical calculations for OPCl3, OPBr3, SPCl3, and SPBr3 molecules. The comparison indicates that the present results show improved agreement with experiment and clarify certain ambiguities in the earlier assignments.
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  • 129
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 519-526 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Selected portions of the S0 and T1 potential energy surfaces of acetaldehyde surveyed in our earlier studies have been reexamined. The assumption of the additivity of basis-set polarization and of electron correlation effects used extensively in our earlier work on acetaldehyde has been tested through explicit polarized basis-set electron-correlation calculations. The “additivity assumption” introduces average absolute errors in energy differences of only 1.9 (MP3) to 3.4 (MP2) kcal mol-1 in seven comparisons. The effects of using 6-31G** SCF optimized geometries as opposed to single-point calculations on 3-21G SCF structures (6-31G**//3-21G) as in our previous papers were examined. In six comparisons, the average absolute error in relative SCF energies introduced by the use of the 3-21G geometries rather than the fully consistent 6-31G- ones was only 0.3 kcal mole-1. After a uniform scaling procedure, comparisons of the 6-31G** and 3-21G calculated vibrational frequencies with experiment for CH3CHO (S0), CH4, and CO (20 comparisons) yielded absolute differences of 41 cm-1 (6-31G**) and 57 cm-1 (3-21G). All these more elaborate calculations support for the specific case of acetaldehyde and various minima and transition states of relevance to its photochemistry, the commonly used and practically important approximations (e.g., additivity) made in our earlier studies.
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  • 130
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 527-539 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction of some neutral acids of π type, bearing appropriate unsymmetrical substitutions at the C=C group with some selected bases (H2O, NH3, OH-), is compared with that of the parent compound of a new set of neutral π acids, bearing symmetrical substitutions at the C=C group with the same bases. The analyses of the interaction energy, performed according to two decomposition schemes, with and without the counterpoise corrections, make clear the similarity of symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted neutral organic acids.
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  • 131
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 541-551 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The conformational behavior of biphenyl-like compounds constituted by benzene and/or azabenzenes has been investigated at the STO-3G Hartree-Fock level. Although the STO-3G basis set probably overstimates conjugative attraction, it seems able to provide reliable general trends. In this connection the analysis of over 30 molecules shows that compounds with the same ortho substituents (including nitrogen lone pairs) have very similar conformational behavior, irrespective of their composition. Furthermore, the comparison of different isomers shows that repulsive interactions decrease in the order hydrogen-hydrogen 〉 lone pair - lone pair 〉 hydrogen lone pair. Conjugative, electrostatic, and steric interactions have also been expressed by well known semiempirical functions, thus allowing a better analysis of the overall torsional potential.
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  • 132
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 993-999 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Experimental results on the bombardment of some rhenium trihalides by argon ions in a photoelectron spectrometer have yielded lower-valency rhenium halides. The presence of the compounds have been made evident by the destabilization of the Re(4f) and the relative decrease in the halogen spectral line intensities. A theoretical approach to the energy of the Re(4f) states have been studied by the MS X-α method. The molecular model used in the calculations is made up of rhenium polyhalides in D4h symmetry having the structure Re2Xn-8 (n = 2, 4, 6). A discussion is also presented on the formation of multiple bonds as a result of the overlap between the dxy orbitals of rhenium.
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  • 133
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1017-1024 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electronic structure, charge distribution, and chemical bonding of the dimer of bis-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)ytterbium methyl have been studied by an unrestricted INDO program made applicable for the lanthanoid compounds [1]. The bond order, composition, and the nature of the bridge bonds have been discussed. The existence of weak interaction between two ytterbium atoms was shown.
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  • 134
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1001-1015 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Heats of reaction and barrier heights have been computed for H + CH2CH2 → C2H5, H + CH2O → CH3O, and H + CH2O → CH2OH using unrestricted Hartree-Fock and Møller-Plesset perturbation theory up to fourth order (with and without spin annihilation), using single-reference configuration interaction, and using multiconfiguration self-consistent field methods with 3-21G, 6-31G(d), 6-31G(d,p), and 6-311G(d,p) basis sets. The barrier height in all three reactions appears to be relatively insensitive to the basis sets, but the heats of reaction are affected by p-type polarization functions on hydrogen. Computation of the harmonic vibrational frequencies and infrared intensities with two sets of polarization functions on heavy atoms [6-31G(2d)] improves the agreement with experiment. The experimental barrier height for H + C2H4 (2.04 ± 0.08 kcal/mol) is overestimated by 7-9 kcal/mol at the MP2, MP3, and MP4 levels. MCSCF and CISD calculations lower the barrier height by approximately 4 kcal/mol relative to the MP4 calculations but are still almost 4 kcal/mol too high compared to experiment. Annihilation of the largest spin contaminant lowers the MP4SDTQ computed barrier height by 8-9 kcal/mol. For the hydrogen addition to formaldehyde, the same trends are observed. The overestimation of the barrier height with Møller-Plesset perdicted barrier heights for H + C2H4 → C2H5, H + CH2O → CH3O, and H + CH2O → CH2OH at the MP4SDTQ/6-31G(d) after spin annihilation are respectively 1.8, 4.6, and 10.5 kcal/mol.
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  • 135
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1165-1176 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three-dimensional energy-band calculations on highly doped donor and acceptor compounds of polyacetylenes have been carried out using experimentally suggested channel and intercalation models for the structure of these conducting polymers. The band structures can be very well approximated by the superposition of bands calculated for the polymer chains without the presence of dopants and the bands calculated for the guest chains or layers, strongly supporting the rigid-band model (RBM) for these structures. The absence of strong mixing between the guest and host orbitals explains the small perpendicular to the chain band widths (and corresponding resonance integrals as well) supporting interchain hopping models for the charge transport in these systems. The results are compared with calculations on graphite intercalation compounds (C8K and C7Br).
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  • 136
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1191-1208 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several common basis sets, ranging from minimal to double-zeta, are applied to study the neutral singlet and triplet as well as positive- and negative-ion doublet states of cyclodisiloxane. The effect of d-polarization function exponents on the equilibrium geometries and energies is analyzed. The d-type functions seem to be essential in the basis set of silicon, whereas their presence on oxygen is less critical. The optimum exponents (with respect to SCF energy) are determined to be 0.45 for Si and 0.60 for O, very close to those recommended for the 6-31G** basis set. The best structural predictions are obtained with the 6-31G(2d, p) basis set, which contains two sets of d functions on the heavy atoms. The predicted Si—O bond length is 166 pm; the Si—Si and O—O distances are 237 and 232 pm, respectively, which correspond to an O - Si—O angle of 88.6°. The ground state is found to be a singlet. All higher states have longer Si—O bonds and Si - Si distances, whereas O - O distances are shorter. The energy separation between the singlet and other states is modified by electron correlation (MP treatment) by only a few kcal/mol.
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  • 137
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1241-1251 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several small peptide fragments are investigated with ab initio (Hartree-Fock) calculations, using Gaussian basis sets. Complexation energies, net atomic charges, and optimum geometries are obtained. The geometries predicted by the STO-6G, and 6-31G* basis sets are quite similar, whereas the binding energies obtaiend by the 6-31G calculations are higher than those obtained with STO-6G and 6-31G* basis sets.
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  • 138
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 139
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1789-1797 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An approximate method for the calculation of the electronic structure of molecules has been developed. The principal approximations involve freezing of the atomic core orbitals, description of the core-valence interactions by density matrix expansion techniques, and the enforcement of the core-valence orthogonality by auxiliary bases and projection operator techniques. The general principle in the approximations is their stepwise execution. Each approximation can be separately relaxed and tested for reliability. The developed computational techniques have been described. A detailed analysis for the approximations is given for LiH. Other molecular test calculations include HCl, H2S, H2Se, and H2S2 molecules. The results demonstrate the suitability of the method for molecular studies.
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  • 140
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1799-1813 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In the framework of the homogeneous electron gas theory we give a model function Gc of the Coulomb hole that can be considered as an approximate universal correlation function for many-electron systems. The function Gc reflects the right asymptotic behavior of the correlation function of an electron gas in high and low density limits and enables one to reproduce experimental correlation energies of a number of atoms of the first and second periods in a local density approximation with the relative error 0.3-4.2%. The estimate of contributions of electrons with parallel or antiparallel spins into correlation energy shows that in the domain of densities typical for atoms of the first and second periods, the Coulomb correlation of electrons with parallel spins is in high extent suppressed by the Fermi correlation.
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  • 141
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1839-1839 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 142
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1841-1841 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 143
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1847-1847 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 144
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986) 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 145
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 19-25 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 146
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 31-49 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The theory of mixed valence hopping conductivity is reviewed and prepared in a way suitable for quantum chemical calculations. Metallic conductivity appears as a limit case, if the thermal barrier for electron transfer is approaching zero and the orbital contact between the electron exchanging subsystems is large enough for adiabatic transfer. The theory is exemplified by calculations on the molecular crystal model and a model for doped polyacetylene. In the latter case it is possible to explain the decreasing thermal barrier for increased concentration of doping molecules as due to increased interaction between these molecules through the polymer chain.
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  • 147
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 445-447 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 148
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    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular difference densities (DD) are conventionally constructed using spherically averaged atomic densities at the appropriate positions. For atoms in degenerate ground states, this is an unphysical choice, and artifacts dominate the DD. We suggest the extraction of both the position and the orientation of an atom with an open valence shell from x-ray scattering or molecular density data. Subtracting the oriented atoms yields a uniquely defined, as well as chemically meaningful, DD. Covalent bonds to electronegative atoms such as O are no longer exceptional but show bond charges of normal magnitude. Lone pairs are characterized by a dipolar density shift from the bond to the back side of the atomic core.
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  • 149
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 453-465 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The semiempirical HAM/3 method is used to study ionization potentials, electron affinities, heats of formation, stabilization energies, dipole moments, and charge of mono- and disubstituted benzenes. Ionization potentials and electron affinities are calculated with good accuracy. The ground state properties are generally not well calculated by HAM/3. Errors in heats of formation and dipole moments are up to 50 kcal/mol and 2.4 D.
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  • 150
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 479-494 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An efficient scheme for calculating one- and two-electron transition density matrices for two wave functions is described. The method applies to CAS (complete active space) wave functions and certain multireference CI expansions. The orbital sets of the two wave functions are not assumed to be equal. They are transformed to a biorthonormal basis, and the corresponding transformation of the CI coefficients is carried out directly, using the one-electron coupling coefficients.
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  • 151
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 509-541 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The modern version of the process of removing redundant variables in an MCSCF optimization problem is studied on the basis of the manifold theory. It is shown that there exists a simple parametrization of the MCSCF orbital manifold that is convenient for computer implementation of quasi-Newton optimization schemes. A sequential unconstrained optimization technique for minimizing electronic energy with respect to local coordinates is described.
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  • 152
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 563-566 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For Hartree-Fock calculations, the limited basis 6-31G(*), with p functions on the bridge proton as the only polarization functions, is shown to be better balanced than the larger 6-31G* basis with d polarization functions on the heavy atoms and is therefore, a more suitable basis for the Hartree-Fock description of hydrogen bonds in large systems.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 571-571 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 154
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  • 155
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 581-590 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: SCF-CNDO/2 calculations, including solvent effects via an extended version of the Generalized Born Formula (GBF), have been performed for LiX(H2O) species (n = 1,2; X = F, Cl). Several minima in the free energy surface, representing intimate and solvent-separated ion pair structures, have been analyzed. Qualitative results show a preferential stabilization of the intimate forms with respect to the solvent-separated ones. The results are discussed on the basis of a convenient partition of the total solute-solvent free energy. The interaction of the ionic species with the bulk solvent neglected in previous studies appears to be responsible for the preferential stability of the intimate forms.
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  • 156
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 625-631 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electronic structure of the C2H2, C2H4, and trans-C4H6 molecules is calculated using the discrete variational Xα-method (DVM-Xα). The calculated energies of optical excitations and ionization potentials are compared with both experimental data and results of other nonempirical methods. We conclude that DVM-Xα is a reliable method for investigating the electronic structure of polyenes.
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  • 157
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 663-670 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An intermolecular potential for the Fe(II)-H2O system has been determined from ab initio calculations which have been obtained with Huzinaga's MINI-2 basis set. Interaction energies for more than 100 points of the potential energy surface were fitted to an analytical function that contains 11 adjustable parameters. The goodness of the fitting and its applicability to the study of Fe(H2O)n2+ clusters and to Monte Carlo simulations are discussed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 685-694 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Variational alternant molecular orbital method (VAMO) is described and applied to the case of three-dimensional and two-dimensional hydrogen molecules. The energies of the electron system are obtained, together with the equilibrium distances of the molecules. The intergrals equivelent to the Slater's integrals of the nonvariational method are described. Applications of this method to realizable systems are described.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 713-713 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 160
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 715-715 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 161
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  • 162
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 763-768 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A theoretical measure of molecular similarity based on ab initio computations of electron density derived from molecular orbital wave functions is first applied to a model series (CH3CH2CH3, CH3OCH3, and CH3SCH3) and then to the rings in a series of prostaglandins and to some histamine H2 antagonists. Comparison in terms of valence electron density seems to be a good basis for structure-activity studies.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 783-790 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The matrix elements of the spin-free Hamiltonian between two atomic configuration state functions (CSF'S) in the L-S coupling scheme are expressed in terms of the atomic integrals Fk's and Gk's. Using these general expressions, the matrix elements have been obtained for all the atomic configurations with three valence electrons that have not been solved so far by earlier methods. The scope for applying this new approach to obtain the Auger line energies and the promotion energies of metals that involve more than two partially filled shells is indicated. The energy expressions for some of the relevant configurations are tabulated.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 799-807 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Calculation of blocks of matrix elements between determinants associated with two fixed orbital configurations is very easy. A simple method to obtain the whole blocks and then transform them to the spinadapted basis is described. The method is suitable for many-particle operators, the number of operations to obtain matrix elements being independent of the number of orbitals or electrons. Some applications of the proposed algorithm, and possible extensions to eigenfunctions of Ľ2 and other operators, are discussed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 821-830 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The total (elastic plus inelastic) intensities of 51 keV electrons scattered by water molecules have been measured over a range of 1 ≦ K = (4π/λ) sin(θ/2) ≦ 12 Å-1. A computer program, ELIC, has been written for calculating the total intensities of electrons scattered by free molecules. The intensities can be calculated with self-consistent field and configuration interaction wavefunctions. The theoretical intensities based on a CI wavefunction are in good agreement with the observed intensities.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 831-844 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In previous work on electron subshell filling, the existence condition of the integrals involved has not been taken into proper account. As a result, part of the calculated subshell occupation numbers is meaningless.In Theis' theory [9] the average number of electrons in a subshell is calculated as the difference between two integrals. With each of these integrals an existence condition is associated. Because of this, the number of electrons with angular momentum quantum number l can only be calculated for atoms of which the Z value is (much) larger than the corresponding empirical first-appearance Z value. Thus, the range of Z for which such numbers can be calculated, is restricted considerably, especially for larger values of l.Results obtained from a normalized version of Mason's approximation [13] to the exact Thomas-Fermi function, have been compared with a least-squares fit of the empirical subshell occupation numbers, and these are found to be as good as one may expect from a statistical theory.A lower bound to each of the empirical first-appearance Z values has been calculated. The results agree well with those reported in other work.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 867-867 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 869-869 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 873-873 
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 3-12 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 13-19 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
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  • 172
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 21-32 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For the multidimensional Schrödinger equation, we develop a technique based on the moment problem formulation of this equation. The method provides systematic and rapidly converging upper and lower bounds to the ground state energy, and it enjoys the following features: 1The bounds are insensitive to the strength of the perturbation; that is, the method applies even to the most singular perturbation.2The method does not require the potential to be semibounded. It applies directly to potentials whose spectrum extends from minus to plus infinity, as is the case for the Zeeman effect in hydrogenic atoms.3The presence of continuum spectrum does not affect the method: no information coming from the continuum is needed.
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 33-43 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A numerical method for solving the Schrödinger equation for a potential expressed as a polynomial is proposed. The basic assumption relies on the asymptotic properties of the solution of this equation. It is possible to obtain the energies and the stationary state functions simultaneously. We analyze, in particular, the cases of the quartic anharmonic oscillator and a hydrogen atom perturbed by a quadratic term, obtaining its energy eigenvalues for some values of the perturbation parameter. Together with the Hellmann-Feynman therorem, we use our algorithm to calculate expectation values of xn for arbitrary positive values of n.
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  • 174
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 45-55 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A Griffin-Hill-Wheeler version of the Hartree-Fock (GHW-HF) equations is presented and applied to the He and Be atoms using both Slater and Gaussian orbitals. The kernels are evaluated analytically and the GHW-HF equations are solved by iteration. The integration for the generator coordinate is obtained by discretisation emphasizing the continuous character of the GHW formulation. The results with the Slater 1s orbital for He reach the HF limit. When Gaussians are employed the results are better than published HF calculations with these orbitals.
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  • 175
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 57-63 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Solutions to the many-dimensional analogue of the Schrödinger equation for the hydrogen atom are used as a starting point for solving the many-particle Schrödinger equation for systems with Coulomb interactions. It is shown that zeroth-order solutions can be improved by means of perturbation theory, which is simplified by means of a sum rule.
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  • 176
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 65-72 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Inner projection combined with bracketing techniques represents a very powerful method of calculating lower bounds to eigenvalues of the Schrödinger equation. The Hamiltonian is expressed as a sum of an “unperturbed” operator (whose eigenvalue equation is soluble) and a “perturbed” operator that should be positive definite. For small values of the coupling constant, the conventional splitting of the Hamiltonian is adequate. For strong coupling, however, it is advantageous to partition the Hamiltonian in an optimized fashion, accomplished by an appropriate scaling of the space coordinates and momenta. This optimized inner projection (OIP) method yields remarkably good results for all values of the coupling constant, even for manifolds of minimal dimensionality.
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  • 177
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 73-80 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The R matrix theory in its simplest form is discussed and analyzed in terms of the classical Titchmarsh-Weyl's theory for a singular second order differential equation. It is observed that the R matrix described as an abstract R operator is contained in the framework of Weyls classical extension to an infinite interval of finite Sturm-Liuoville theory. As a result we find that the exterior complex rotation method can be synthesized with the R matrix theory to obtain a method for deriving the S matrix poles out in the complex energy or momentum planes.
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  • 178
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Lipkin's method is used to rigorously transpose field-theoretic, self-consistent descriptions of Cooper pairs and Bose condensation of Lewis structures and resonance. The effective one-body equations can be simplified according to models of valence. The resultant self-consistent problem may require not much more work than the Hartree-Fock problem. The effort required for MBPT remains comparable to the Hartree-Fock case.
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  • 179
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 119-127 
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 180
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 95-107 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A model many-fermion Hamiltonian is presented for which the ground state is asymptotically an Antisymmetrized Geminal Powers (AGP) wave function with largest possible greatest eigenvalue for its two-particle reduced density matrix. Closed analytical expressions and plane-wave expansions are presented for the generating geminal of the AGP ground state and for its one-particle reduced density matrix. The natural orbitals for this generating geminal are plane waves. The generating geminal shows intensely local character in its intracule and corresponds to the formation of a quasi-boson from two fermions. One may appropriately modify this generating geminal to introduce zero occupation numbers of its one-particle reduced density matrix and to make all the nonzero occupation numbers of its one-particle reduced density matrix equal, thus making this geminal a generator of an extreme AGP wave function, with an extreme large eigenvalue for its two-particle reduced density matrix. Closed analytical expressions are also given for this modified geminal and for its one-particle reduced density matrix. The modified generating geminal develops anomolously long “tails” in the intracule function. Nevertheless, both generating geminals introduced here reduce to a renormalized Dirac δ-function of the intracule coordinate, in the appropriate limit. In this limit, both of these generating geminals produce an absolute extreme AGP wave function with the absolute extreme value, N/2, for the Löwdin-normalized occupation number of the generating geminal, and vanishing occupation numbers for all other natural geminals, in the two-particle reduced density matrix of this wavefunction. A demonstration is given showing the formation of quasi-bosons in this ground state and showing their relationship to the generating geminal and to the other natural geminals of the two-particle reduced density matrix of the extreme AGP wave function. The similarities and differences of the features of this model and the accepted models of the superconducting ground state of electrons in metals, and the superfluid ground state of liquid He4 are mentioned.
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  • 181
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 109-117 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple and straightforward derivation of the relativistic “no-pair” equation in momentum space is given for hydrogenic species. This is achieved by starting with a QED Hamiltonian in momentum representation and making a rigorous reduction into a system that contains a single electron but no positrons. The integral equation was solved for a series of hydrogenic systems using the Kwon-Tabakin-Lande technique. Numerical results were compared with those recently obtained by Hess, who employed the basis set expansion technique to solve the no-pair equation in configuration space.
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  • 182
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 129-146 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several recent extensions of the method of complex scaling to the studies of autoionization, predissociation, and multiphoton dynamics will be presented. Specific subjects to be discussed include: 1Complex-coordinate coupled-Landau-channel method for autoionizing resonances and photoinization of atomic hydrogen in intense magnetic fields,2Non-Hermitian complex quasi-energy method for multiphoton dissociation of small molecules with specific application to two-photon dissociation of vibrationally excited H2+ and HD+, and3Vibrational predissociation of highly vibrationally excited He - I2* (v) van der Waals molecules.
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  • 183
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 153-171 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A general computationally amenable chemico-graph-theoretic cluster expansion method is suggested as a paradigm for incorporation of chemical structure concepts in a systematic manner. The cluster expansion approach is presented in a formalism general enough to cover a variety of empirical, semiempirical, and even ab initio applications. Formally such approaches for the utilization of chemical structure-related concepts may be viewed as discrete analogues of Taylor series expansions. The efficacy of the chemical structure concepts then is simply bound up in the rate of convergence of the cluster expansions. In many empirical applications, e.g., boiling points, chromatographic separation coefficients, and biological activities, this rate of convergence has been observed to be quite rapid. More note will be made here of quantum chemical applications. Relations to questions concerning size extensivity of energies and size consistency of wave functions are addressed.
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  • 184
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 271-276 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Lieb and Thirring derived a lower bound to the electronic kinetic energy of an N particle system. Using an energy-density functional approach, and the Ne atom as an example, the present work investigates the tightness of the bound both in its original form and in its modified forms.
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  • 185
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 313-323 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have developed a new version of the variational cellular method for the calculation of the electronic structure of polyatomic systems. It is a very attractive method for large systems, such as solids and large molecules, and capable of giving calculated results with a degree of precision at least as good as those obtained by Hartree-Fock calculations. We are now improving the method by the introduction of crystalline boundary conditions with the intention to apply it to the study of impurities in semiconductors. The results for the ZnS clusters simulating the pure crystal show that the method leads to a fairly consistent description of the bulk electronic structure.
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  • 186
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 507-520 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The state-of-the-art in non-empirical calculations of potential energy surfaces for small molecules is discussed, as is the present position with respect to the analytic fitting of such surfaces. The results of some nonempirical vibration-rotation calculations performed on such analytic surfaces are presented and compared with experimental results. An attempt is made to assess the extent to which present methods of electronic structure calculation and present analytic fitting methods are adequate to produce surfaces for the interpretation of high-resolution spectral data.
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  • 187
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 521-527 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We examine the effects of macroscopic solvation using the self-consistent reaction field technique. On the basis of ab initio, INDO SCF, and INDO/CI calculations we conclude that the introduction of a dielectric media seems to have little effect on calculated geometries. However, the charge distribution is effected: the presence of dielectric media allows greater local charge to develop. The dissociation of hydrogen fluoride is examined. With electron correlation, HF dissociates homolytically in the “gas” phase, but heterolytically in a “solvent” of dielectric constant of 80.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 188
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 529-540 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Extensional elastic moduli have been calculated for several organic high polymers based on the modified neglect of diatomic overlap (MNDO) Hamiltonian. Standard semiempirical methods, by application of the Born-von Karman boundary conditions, can be used to calculate heats of formation of polymer chain sections, or computational unit cells, called clusters. Unit cell heats of formation at elongated translation vectors, combined with experimental or estimated densities, allow for the calculation of elastic moduli. Two potential sources of error were identified: (a) finite geometry optimization can result in pseudorandom errors in the calculated heat of formation, and (b) anharmonic distortion can become significant at large strains. Errors due to both causes can typically be minimized if strains between 3 and 10% are selected. As expected, the calculated moduli, although higher than those observed experimentally, agree with longitudinal values for perfectly oriented systems.
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  • 189
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 547-554 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using a comprehensive set of electron cross sections, we have carried out a Monte Carlo study of the spatial and energetic aspects of electron degradation in the energy range from 30 eV to 1 MeV. The results are given in terms of a four-dimensional spatial yield spectral distribution. This is represented by a simple approximate analytic form which is convenient to use for calculating the spatial distribution of the initial species created due to electron energy degradation. We also investigate the sensitivity of these electron transport results to some of the input cross sections. We have specifically examined the influence of the assumed form of cross sections for vibrational states on the gross yields. We conclude that in transport calculations it is important to use approximate forms with reasonable asymptotic limits. Finally, we call attention to molecular processes which are important in microdosimetry but whose cross sections are particularly uncertain.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 190
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 555-561 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Binding energies and peak intensities of methane and acetylene molecules are calculated using the transition operator method (TOM) adapted to ab-initio Hartree-Fock programs. The calculations were done for both systems with and without symmetry restrictions, and the results are analyzed within the framework of TOM. It is found that the symmetry constraints have an important role in the binding energies of the acetylene molecule but none in the methane molecule. The intensities were calculated using the generalized sudden approximation (GSA) and the dipolar approximation; those resulting intensities are compared and discussed for the core and valence orbitals. The results let us conclude that the GSA method is only applicable when comparing photoionization intensities of neighboring ionization energy orbitals.
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  • 191
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 563-572 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The bonding in both CuOH and AgOH has a covalent component that leads to a bent structure. The larger electrostatic stabilization in CuOH leads to a larger De (2.83 eV) compared with AgOH (2.20 eV). Using Ni5OH to model chemisorption of OH on a Ni surface, we find that OH adsorption in the fourfold hollow of Ni(100) leads to an OH normal to the surface, while adsorption directly above a Ni atom leads to a tilted OH. These qualitative Ni5OH calculations allow us to speculate on the observed variation of OH on metal surfaces.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 192
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 573-584 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Further developments in the local reaction field (LRF) model of solvent effects are presented. The improved formalism, including dielectric saturation effects, permits a better description of the solvent polarization vector. As a result, the calculation of entropies of solvation is significantly improved with respect to the standard reaction field models, allowing a complete thermodynamic picture of ion solvation to be obtained. The calculated thermodynamic functions of solvation are combined with gas-phase proton affinities to yield theoretical estimates of solution equilibrium properties in some acid-base processes. Some preliminary results concerning the basicity of primary alkylamines in water are used to illustrate the reliability of the present approach.
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  • 193
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 603-612 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An ab initio version of the inner projections of the polarization propagator (IPPP) method to separate different transmission components of nuclear spin-spin coupling constants is presented. All four terms - Fermi contact, spin-dipolar, Paramagnetic spin-orbital, and diamagnetic spin-orbital - contributing to the interaction energy of the nuclear spins are considered and their through-space components analyzed for the 19F-1H coupling of 1-fluoro-propane with a double zeta (DZ) basis set. Results obtained qualitatively agree with experimental data.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 194
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    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The through-space transmission of 19F-19F couplings is analyzed in a model compound employing inner projections of the polarization propagator, at the RPA and monoexcited CI levels, using an INDO ground state wave function. The emphasis of this work is (1) to study the dependence of the through-space transmitted component of such couplings on the interatomic F-F distance, and (2) to obtain an intuitive, although rigorous, model to describe the through-space transmission that could be used as a complementary tool in experimental measurements. In the first case an exponential decay is found and experimental data for different compounds are found to fit this curve fairly well. In the second case, localized molecular orbitals representing chemical functions are plotted, and the way in which they influence the through-space transmission is analyzed at the perturbator level as well as in inner projected polarization propagator terms. The important role played by the anti-bonding orbitals and the lone pairs of the F atoms is discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
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  • 195
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 613-625 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We review the progress which was made during the last 6 years in the attempts to use electron diffraction data to gain insights into the electronic charge densities of isolated molecules and their moments. In regard to theory, we investigated the sensitivity of the elastic differential high-energy cross sections to the basis sets in the wave function calculations. Extensive calculations on H2O showed that there is no significant change by the molecular vibrations on the static charge density deformation maps. Finally new relations could be derived which allow the determination of nuclear and electronic moments from the differential cross sections at small angles. In regard to experimental data, new sets of purely elastic cross sections are available for He, Ne, CO2, N2, and CH4, which are compared with Hartree-Fock and limited configuration interaction wave function results. The differences are discussed. New experimental values for some moments for N2 and CH4 are reported.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 196
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 627-633 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A beam of high energy electrons, 25 keV, was scattered off an effusive gas jet of molecular nitrogen, and the energy loss spectrum from 0 to 800 eV was measured for scattering angles ranging from 0.3° to 2.0°. The energy loss spectra were converted to relative generalized oscillator strength (GOS) distributions and Bethe sum rule normalized to an absolute intensity scale. The x-ray incoherent scattering factor, S(K), as a function of momentum transfer, K, was determined by the use of the S(-1,K) GOS sum rule and compared with the predictions of theory. The effect of electron correlation on S(K) was determined by comparison of the experiment with molecular near Hartree-Fock calculations. Results from an extensive CI calculation were found to be in agreement with our experimental results, but proposed scaling of the CI theory appears to be incorrect.
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  • 197
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 635-645 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pulsed laser optogalvanic spectra of a 32 MHz radiofrequency discharge (RFLOG) in flowing, low pressure (˜1 Torr) nitrogen are reported. The region of excitation was 16300-17300 cm-1. The observed features correspond mainly to B3Πg ← A3Σu+ transitions (Δv = 4). These are well known in emission and constitute the First Positive System that is of high intensity in almost all discharges in pure N2. A comparison of the emission, absorption, and RFLOG spectra provides an interpretation of missing and/or additional, unassigned lines that occur in the various spectra. The results indicate that RFLOG spectroscopy, as presented here, is a powerful alternative to the absorption spectroscopy of low pressure gases.
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  • 198
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 647-655 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The transition probability of multiphoton processes strongly depends on the angle between the directions of the spin quantization and the magnetic field to induce the transitions. The rotary saturation method in NMR is an excellent one to observe the multiphoton processes in solids. In this paper, the experimental observation of the multiphoton transitions between the nuclear spin Zeeman levels of F nuclei in a CaF2 single crystal by the rotary saturation method is reported. Results are discussed by using a second quantization formalism and the nth order time-dependent perturbation theory in the doubly rotating frame.
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  • 199
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 657-663 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Attack by hydride sources such as the borohydride ion on complexes of the type [CpFe(CO)2(olefin)]+ yields alkyl compounds of the CpFe(CO)2R. The mode of activation of the coordinated olefin ligands toward an incoming hydride nucleophile is investigated theoretically by utilizing extended Hückel and INDO methodologies. It was found that, of the two, the INDO approach yields reasonably accurate estimates of the energies of the ethylene frontier orbitals, and that activation (as measured by the extent of interaction between the hydride 1s orbital and the coordinated ethylene) of the ethylene on coordination can occur because the ethylene π* orbital is considerably stabilized relative to the free ethylene π* orbital energy.
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  • 200
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    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 665-680 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The multidimensional product between an N-dimensional array B and an M-dimensional array C produces an (N + M - 2L)-dimensional array A from the dot-product-like contraction of L pairs of dimensions in B and C. For example, in the multiplication\documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$A(i,j,k,l,...) = \sum\limits_{a,b,...} {B(i,a,j,b,...){\rm}C(l,a,b,k,...)}$$\end{document}indices a,b,… are contracted, and the remaining indices i,j,k,l,… are mapped from matrices B and C to the target matrix A.We have developed an algorithm, which we incorporated into a program called GENPRD, for interpreting the topological description of a general multidimensional matrix product, optimizing the execution path, and finally evaluating the product.No specific information about the nature of a given product is included in the program. Instead, GENPRD is driven by two tables: one specifies the indices to be contracted and the mapping of the uncontracted indices to the target array; the second one indicates the organization of the arrays in secondary storage. The tables are text files which are read at execution time. The information is then processed to form an optimized set of loops for evaluating the product and performing associated I/O.GENPRD is implemented in a program for quantum-chemical computations using many-body perturbation theory and the coupled-cluster method. This implementation produced code that ran at 90% of the speed of the hand-coded version. Ultimately, GENPRD will reduce the FORTRAN code from 20,000 lines to 2,000 lines.
    Additional Material: 9 Tab.
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