Library

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • 1985-1989  (992)
  • 1986  (992)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (668)
  • Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics  (324)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 1977-1985 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Low Coordinated Phosphorus Compounds, 45. Mixed Substituted Bismethylenephosphoranes by the Reaction of Carbenoides with PhosphaalkenesThe known methylenephosphanes 1a-e react with lithio-α-chloroorganyls 2a, b to give the bismethylenephosphoranes 3a-f in high yields. The compounds 3c-f represent the first mixed substituted λ5σ3-bismethylenephosphoranes, that except 3e, f could be isolated. Products 3e, f rearrange to the new phosphiranes 6a, b. The reaction of the methylenephosphane 1b with diphenyldiazomethane (4) leads via spectroscopic conceivable dihydrodiazaphosphole 5 to compound 3e. The course of the reactions, the spectroscopic data as well as the X-ray structure analyses of 3d and 6a are discussed.
    Notes: Aus der Reaktion der bekannten Methylenphosphane 1a-e mit Lithio-α-chlororganylen 2a, b erhält man in sehr guten Ausbeuten die Bismethylenphosphorane 3a-f. Die Verbindungen 3c-f sind die ersten gemischt substituierten Vertreter der λ5σ3-Bismethylenphosphorane, die mit Ausnahme von 3e, f isoliert werden können. Die Verbindungen 3e, f lagern in die neuen Phosphirane 6a, b um. Die Reaktion des Methylenphosphans 1b mit Diphenyldiazomethan (4) verläuft über ein spektroskopisch erfaßbares Dihydrodiazaphosphol 5 zum Produkt 3e. Die Reaktionsverläufe, die spektroskopischen Daten sowie die Röntgenstrukturen von 3d und 6a werden diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 1994-2005 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Hindered Ligand Movements in Transition Metal Complexes, XXXIII. (η2- and η4-Diene)[2-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)ethyl]molybdenum CarbonylsTricarbonyl[2-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)ethyl]molybdenum (1) reacts photochemically with 1,3-butadiene (2), (E)-1,3-pentadiene (3) or 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene (4), respectively, to give the corresponding η2- and η4-diene complexes. Stepwise, dicarbonyl[2-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)ethyl](η2-diene)molybdenum (5, 8, 11) and carbonyl[2-(η5cyclopentadienyl)ethyl](η4-diene)-molybdenum (6, 9, 12) are formed. Insertion of 1,3-butadiene into the Mo—C-σ-bond of 5 yields dicarbonyl[6-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)-η3-(E)-2-hexenyl]molybdenum (7) as a by-product. Similarily, 8 reacts to the corresponding [6-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)-η3-(E,E)-1-methyl-2-hexenyl] chelate complex 10. The η2-diene ligands in 5, 8, 11 show hindered rotation around the axis through the center of the center of the coordinated CC-double bond and the central atom. Two different rotamers can be observed at low temperatures. The energy barriers were determined by band shape analyses to be ΔG300300≠ = 62.0 ± 0.2 kJ/mol for 5, ΔG280≠ = 66.2 ± 0.2 kJ/mol for 8, and ΔG298≠ = 61.0 ± 0.2 kJ/mol for 11. Complex 9 is obtained in one, 12 in both of the two possible diastereomeric forms.
    Notes: Tricarbonyl[2-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)ethyl]molybdän (1) reagiert photochemisch mit 1,3-Butadien (2), (E)-1,3-Pentadien (3) bzw. 2-Methyl-1,3-butadien (4) zu den korrespondierenden η2- und η4-Dien-Komplexen. Stufenweise werden Dicarbonyl[2-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)ethyl](η2-dien)molybdän (5, 8, 11) und Carbonyl[2-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)ethyl](η4-dien)molybdän (6, 9, 12) gebildet. Insertion des 1,3-Butadiens in die Mo—C-σ-Bindung von 5 ergibt Dicarbonyl[6-(η5-cyclopentadienyl)-η3-(E)-2-hexenyl]molybdän (7) als Nebenprodukt. Gleichermaßen reagiert 8 zu dem entsprechenden [6-(η5-Cyclopentadienyl)-η3-(E,E)-1-methyl-2-hexenyl]-Chelatkomplex 10. Die η2-Dien-Liganden in 5, 8, 11 zeigen gehinderte Rotation um die Achse durch die Mitte der CC-Doppelbindung und das Zentralatom. Zwei unterschiedliche Rotamere können bei tiefen Temperaturen beobachtet werden. Die Energiebarrieren wurden durch Linienform-Analyse zu ΔG300≠ = 62.0 ± 0.2 kJ/mol für 5, ΔG280≠ = 66.2 ± 0.2 kJ/mol für 8 und ΔG298≠ = 61.0 ± 0.2 kJ/mol für 11 ermittelt. Komplex 9 ist in einer, 12 in beiden der zwei möglichen diastereomeren Formen erhältlich.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Sterically Hindered Free Radicals, XV. The First Unsymmetrical Dimer from Two Different Stable Radicals: 3-(tert-Butylphenylmethylene)-6-(triphenylmethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene from tert-Butyldiphenylmethyl and TriphenylmethylThe quinonoid title compound 6 is formed in an equilibrium to 95% and can be isolated, when the two title radicals 1 and 3 are generated in solution. The reason for this is the sterically less strained position of the bulky tBu group at the sp2-C atom of the methylene group. The structure of 6 is proved by 1,5-H migration giving 8 and autoxidation of the latter at -10°C giving tBuOH and 4-tritylbenzophenone (12). The synthesis of several analogous compounds are described.
    Notes: Die chinoide Titelverbindung 6 entsteht im Gleichgewicht zu 〉95% und kann isoliert werden, wenn die beiden Titelradikale 1 und 3 in Lösung erzeugt werden. Ursache hierfür ist die räumlich günstigere Unterbringung der sperrigen tBu-Gruppe am sp2-C-Atom der Methylengruppe. Die Struktur von 6 wird durch 1,5-H-Verschiebung zu 8 sowie dessen Autoxidation bei -10°C zu tBuOH und 4-Tritylbenzophenon (12) bewiesen. Synthesen analoger Verbindungen werden beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2013-2024 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereoselektive Synthese von Alkoholen, XXIII. Chiralitätsübertragung bei der Addition von (α-Chlorallyl)boronsäureestern an AldehydeDie Darstellung des (α-Chlorallyl)boronsäureesters 4 mit 92% e.e. wird beschrieben. Seine Addition an achirale Aldehyde ergab die Homoallylkohole 6 mit 82-92% e.e. Bei der Addition von ent-4 an Isopropylidenglycerinaldehyd (22) führte die kooperative Diastereoseitendifferenzierung zum Produkt 23 hoher Diastereomerenreinheit. In der Reaktion von 4 mit 22 ergab die Stereokontrolle durch das Reagenz den Alkohol 25 mit einer Diastereomerenreinheit von 77%.
    Notes: The preparation of the (α-chloroallyl)boronate 4 of 92% e.e. is described. Its addition to achiral aldehydes resulted in the homoallyl alcohols 6 of 82-92% e.e. Cooperative diastereoface selectivity on addition of ent-4 to isopropylideneglyceraldehyde (22) gave the product 23 of high diastereomeric purity. Reagent control of stereoselectivity on addition of 4 to 22 resulted in 25 of 77% diastereomeric purity.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2050-2054 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Reactions with Aziridines, 36 Arene Hydrides 2. SN2 and SET Reactions of N-Acylaziridines with Diphenylmethanide and „Naphthalene Hydride“ (Anion of Dihydronaphthalene)Diphenylmethane is incompletely deprotonated by sodium naphthalenide in THF so that some „naphthalene hydride“ 4 (anion of 1,4-dihydronaphthalene) remains present in the deprotonation equilibrium. The generated diphenylmethanide anion 3a reacts with the N-acylaziridines 6a-c to form the expected amidoethyl derivatives 7a-c in yields of less than 50%. The formation of by-products from 6b and 6c can be rationlized on the basis of classic ionic mechanisms. However, for 6a the by-product N-ethylbenzamide clearly points to a SET mechanism with „naphthalene hydride“ 4 as the electron source and with the radical 8 as a hydrogen source.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2025-2049 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: The Effect of Phenyl Groups on the Homoconjugation in the Bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-3,6-dien-2-yl Anion. A 13C NMR StudyThe effects of deuterium atoms in the positions 2 and 4 of exo-6-bromo- (11) and endo-6-methoxytricyclo[3.2.1.02,7]oct-3-ene (12) as well as exo-4-methoxybicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-diene (13) on their 13C chemical shifts are in line with the previous interpretation of the effects in correspondingly deuterated bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-3,6-dien-2-yl anions 1, and thus provide evidence for the homoconjugative interaction in 1. 3-Phenylbicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-diene (16) and endo- (19a) as well as exo-4-phenylbicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-diene (19b) have been prepared from bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-one (14) and bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ene-endo-6-carbaldehyde (17), respectively. 2,4-Diphenylbicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-diene (6) and 19a, b were deprotonated by methyllithium and n-butyllithium, respectively, whereas the proton abstraction from tricyclo[6.3.1.02,7]dodeca-2,4,6,9-triene (4) and from 16 required potassium tert-butoxide/n-butyllithium. As products the corresponding bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-3,6-dien-2-yl anion derivatives have been identified. By means of potassium tert-butoxide/n-butyllithium 19a, b were converted into 21K, i.e. the anion with K+ as counterion. The NMR spectra of 21Li turned out to depend upon the temperature in the range between +45 and -30°C in contrast to those of 21K. The 13C NMR spectra of the anions and of the corresponding hydrocarbons are discussed in detail in relation to the spectra of the unsubstituted species 1 and 2. In particular, the wide variations of the chemical shifts of C-6,7 depending upon the substituents of the allylic moiety of the bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-3,6-dien-2-yl anion system give strong support for the bishomoaromatic nature of these anions.
    Notes: Die Effekte von Deuteriumatomen in den Positionen 1 und 4 von exo-6-Brom- (11) und endo-6-Methoxytricyclo[3.2.1.02,7]oct-3-en (12) sowie exo-4-Methoxybicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-dien (13) auf deren 13C-chemische Verschiebungen stützen die frühere Interpretation der Effekte bei entsprechend deuterierten Bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-3,6-dien-2-yl-Anionen 1 und belegen so die homokonjugative Wechselwirkung in 1.  -  Ausgehend von Bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-en-3-on (14) und Bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en-endo-6-carbaldehyd (17) stellte man 3-Phenyl- (16) bzw. endo-4-Phenyl-(19a) und exo-4-Phenylbicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-dien (19b) dar. 2,4-Diphenylbicyclo[3.2.1]octa-2,6-dien (6) und 19a, b wurden mit Methyllithium bzw. n-Butyllithium, Tricyclo[6.3.1.02,7]dodeca-2,4,6,9-tetraen (4) sowie 16 mit Kalium-tert-butoxid/n-Butyllithium deprotoniert, wobei die entsprechenden Bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-3,6-dien-2-yl-Anionderivate 7, 21Li, 5 und 22 entstanden. Aus 19a, b wurde mit Kalium-tert-butoxid/n-Butyllithium auch 21K, d. h. das zugehörige Anion mit K+ als Gegenion erhalten. Die NMR-Spektren von 21Li erwiesen sich im Gegensatz zu jenen von 21K im Bereich von +45 bis -30°C als temperaturabhängig. Die 13C-NMR-Spektren der Anionen und der zugehörigen Kohlenwasserstoffe werden im Vergleich mit den Spektren der unsubstituierten Verbindungen 1 und 2 ausführlich diskutiert. Insbesondere die starken Variationen der chemischen Verschiebungen von C-6,7 in Abhängigkeit von den Substitutenten am Allylteil des Bicyclo[3.2.1]octa-3,6-dien-2-yl-Anionsystems bieten ein starkes Argument für die bishomoaromatische Natur dieser Anionen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986) 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2062-2065 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 3-Alkylquinolizinium Iodides from Metalated α-Picoline and 3-Ethoxyacroleins2-Alkylquinolizinium iodides 4 are obtained in good overall yields by treating lithiated 2-methylpyridine 1 with 2-alkyl-3-ethoxyacroleins 2. 3-Alkyl-4-ethoxy-1-(2-pyridyl)-3-buten-2-ols 3 are isolated as primary products which readily cyclize to give the title compounds 4 upon heating in aqueous hydrogen iodide.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2066-2068 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Funktionell substituierte Vinylcarbanionen, 29. Reaktion einer β-lithiierten Acrylsäure mit Oxetanen als Electrophilβ-Lithiiertes β-(Ethylthio)acrylat 1A reagiert mit den Oxetanen 2 bzw. (±)-5 in Anwesenheit von Bortrifluorid-Ether zu den entsprechenden γ-hydroxypropyl-substituierten Derivaten 3 bzw. 6. Von den 2-Alkyl/phenyl-3-ethoxy-oxetanen (±)-5 reagieren die erythro-Derivate deutlich rascher als die threo-Derivate.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2173-2177 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Anodic Oxidation of O-Benzoylated α-Hydroxyacetic Acids Concerning the Structure of the Cationic IntermediateAnodic oxidation of ([carbonyl-18O]benzoyloxy)acetic acid (1b) at graphite electrodes in methanol leads to the substitution product methoxymethyl benzoate (3) as well as the fragmentation product methyl benzoate (4) recovering all labeled oxygen in the carbonyl groups. This result proves that the 1,3-dioxetanylium ion 2′ is not involved in the non-Kolbe electrolysis of O-benzoylated α-hydroxyacetic acids. The cationic intermediate 2 is of open-chain structure.
    Notes: Die anodische Oxidation von ([Carbonyl-18O]Benzoyloxy)essigsäure (1b) an Graphitelektroden in Methanol liefert unter Erhaltung des markierten Sauerstoffs in der Carbonylposition das Substitutionsprodukt Benzoesäure-methoxymethylester (3) und das Fragmentierungsprodukt Benzoesäure-methylester (4). Damit wird die Beteiligung eines 1,3-Dioxetanylium-Ions 2′ an der Elektrolyse von O-benzoylierten α-Hydroxyessigsäuren ausgeschlossen. Die kationische Zwischenstufe 2 ist offenkettig.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2069-2074 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: New Syntheses of 2-Acylbenzofurans, 2-Acylindoles, 2-Indolylcarboxylates, and 2-Quinolones by Intramolecular Wittig ReactionThe title compounds are obtained by intramolecular Wittig reaction of 2-(α-ketoacyloxy)-, 2-(α-ketoacylamino)-, or 2-[(ω-alkoxycarbonylacyl)amino]benzyltriphenylphosphonium salts, respectively.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2075-2079 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Boron, 173. Salts of the Bis(diisopropylamino)boron(1+) CationBromobis(diisopropylamino)borane (1) reacts with aluminium and gallium tribromide to produce stable salts of type [(iPr2N)2B]EBr4 (2, 3). Silver triflate converts 1 into bis(diisopropylamino)[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyloxy]borane (4), while silver tetratriflatoborate produces a mixture of 4 with the salt [(iPr2N)2B]B(OSO2CF3)4 (6). Furthermore (diisopropylamino)bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyloxy]borane (7) is formed.
    Notes: Bis(diisopropylamino)borbromid (1) reagiert mit Aluminium-oder Galliumtribromid zu den stabilen Salzen [(iPr2N)2B]EBr4 (2, 3), während 1 mit Silber-triflat Bis(diisopropylamino)-[(trifluormethyl)sulfonyloxy]boran (4) liefert. Silber-tetratriflatoborat setzt sich mit 1 zu einem Gemisch von 4 mit dem Salz [(iPr2N)2B]B(OSO2CF3)4 (6) um. Ferner entsteht (Diisopropylamino)bis[(trifluormethyl)sulfonyloxy]boran (7).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2094-2103 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Physical Properties of Novel 1,3-Dithiolylium-4-methanides and 1,3-Thiazolium-5-methanidesThe synthesis and physical properties of the novel title compounds of type 9 from carboxylic acid derivatives 3 and CH acidic compounds 4 are described.
    Notes: Die Synthese und physikalischen Eigenschaften der neuen Titelverbindungen vom Typ 9 aus Carbonsäure-Derivaten 3 und CH-aciden Verbindungen 4 werden beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2104-2113 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Novel Sulfur-bridged Three-membered Ring Compounds of the Type of the Dianion Sulfides and of the Thiocarbonyl YlidesReaction of the potassium salts of the thiodeltates 4a,b with the deltaines 5a,b results in the formation of novel dianion sulfide salts 1a-c. Thiocarbonyl ylide 7a-d and 8a-d, respectively, with cyclopropenium and deltate functions are prepared by the reaction of the thiones 6a-d with the deltaines 5a,b or of the cyclopropenium salt 9 with the potassium thiodeltate 4a. Interestingly, treatment of the sulfur-bridged dianion 1d with the dication 10 also yields the thiocarbonyl ylide 7d. The spectroscopic data of the new compounds 1, 7, and 8 are discussed, the 13C NMR data of the thiocarbonyl ylides are compared with those of the dianion and dikation sulfides.
    Notes: Neue Dianion-sulfide 1a-c entstehen bei der Reaktion der Kaliumsalze von Thiodeltaten 4a,b mit den Deltainen 5a,b. Die Darstellung neuer Thiocarbonyl-ylide 7a-d bzw. 8a-d mit Cyclopropenium- und Deltatfunktionen gelingt durch Umsetzung der Thione 6a-d mit den Deltainen 5a,b oder aus dem Cyclopropenium-Salz 9 mit dem Kalium-thiodeltat 4a. Interessanterweise entsteht das Thiocarbonyl-ylid 7d auch durch Umsetzung des schwefelverbrückten Dianions 1d mit dem Dikation 10. Die spektrometrischen Daten der neuen Verbindungen 1,7 und 8 werden diskutiert und die 13C-NMR-Daten der Thiocarbonyl-ylide mit denen der Dianion- und Dikation-sulfide verglichen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2080-2093 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metallaheterocumulenes, IV. 2-Azaallylidene Complexes  -  Novel Compounds with a Bent CNCR2 Fragment as Complex Ligand(2-Azoniaallenylidene)pentacarbonyltungsten tetrabromoaluminate complexes [(CO)5W(CNCR2)]+AlBr4- (2-AlBr4) (CR2=C(C6H4Br-4)2 (a), CPh2 (b), C(C6H4OMe-4)2 (c), C(C6H4)2O (d), C(2,4,6-C6H2Me3)2 (e)) Which are synthesized by the reaction of (CO)5W[C(OEt)N=CR2] (1) with AlBr3, react with freshly distilled tetrahydrofuran to give neural trans-bromo(2-azaallylidene) complexes trans-Br(CO)4W(CNCR2) (3) and small amounts of (CO)5W—C≡N—[CR2]2—N≡C—W(CO)5 (4). The compounds 4 correspond to the product of a reductive dimerization of two cations 2. If 1b (or the corresponding methoxy compound 5) reacts with BBr3 instead of AlBr3/THF 4b is the main product. The spectroscopic data of 3 and the results of an X-ray analysis of 3b show that the replacement of a CO ligand in the cations 2 by Br- with formation of 3 results in a drastic change of the bonding situation within the CNCR2 ligand. 3a-e are the first compounds in which a strongly bent CNCR2 fragment functions as a complex ligand. The aminocarbyne complex trans-Br(CO)4W≡CNPh2 (7) was synthesized by BBr3-induced fragmentation of (CO)5W[C(NPh2)N=C(Ph)OMe] (6).
    Notes: (2-Azoniaallenyliden)pentacarbonylwolfram-tetrabromoaluminat-Komplexe [(CO)5W(CNCR2)]+AlBr4- (2-AlBr4) (CR2=C(C6H4Br-4)2 (a), CPh2 (b), C(C6H4OMe-4)2 (c), C(C6H4)2O (d), C(2,4,6-C6H2Me3)2 (e))  -  darstellbar durch Umsetzung von (CO)5W[C(OEt)N=CR2] (1) mit Albr3  -  reagieren mit frisch destillierten Tetrahydrofuran zu neutralen trans-Bromo(2-azaallyliden)-Komplexen trans-Br(CO)4W(CNCR2) (3) und wenig (CO)5W—C≡N—[CR2]2—N≡C—W(CO)5 (4). Die Verbindungen 4. entsprechen dem Produkt einer reduktiven Dimerisierung zweier Kationen 2. 4b wird zum Hauptprodukt der Umsetzung, wenn 1b (oder der entsprechende Methoxy-Komplex 5) mit BBr3 anstatt AlBr3/THF umgesetzt wird. Wie die spektroskopischen Daten von 3 sowie die Ergebnisse der an 3b durchgeführten Röntgenstrukturanalyse zeigen, führt der Austausch eines CO-Liganden in den Kationen 2 gegen Br- unter Bildung von 3 zu einer drastischen Veränderung der Bindungsverhältnisse im CNCR2-Liganden. 3a-e sind die ersten Verbindungen, in denen ein stark gewinkeltes CNCR2-Fragment als Komplexligand fungiert. Durch BBr3-induzierte Fragmentierung von (CO)5W[C(NPh2)N=C(Ph)OMe] (6) wurde der Aminocarbin-Komplex trans-Br(CO)4W≡CNPh2 (7) dargestellt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2127-2134 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of Cyanoformamidines with HexafluroacetoneHexafluoroacetone(HFA) reacts with N,N-dialkylcyanoformamidines in one step under mild conditions to form 4-(dialkylamino)-2,5-dihydro-5-imino-2,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)oxazoles 1a-d. 1a,b react further with HFA to yield the N′-(hydroxyhexafluoroisopropyl)-substituted derivatives 2a,b. Under the catalytic influence of copper powder in DMF 1a,b, rearrange to give 1,2-dihydro-2,2-bis(trifluromethyl)-5H-imidazol-5-ones 3a,b in good yields. The activation parameters of the hindered rotation of the C-4—N bond of 1a,c and 3a are reported.
    Notes: Hexafluoraceton (HFA) reagiert mit N,N-Dialkylcyanformamidinen in einem Reaktionsschritt unter milden Bedingungen zu 4-(Dialkylamino)-2,5-dihydro-5-imino-2,2-bis(trifluormethyl)oxazolen 1a-d. 1a,b könne mit weiterem HFA zu den N′-(hydroxyhexafluorisopropyl)substituierten Derivaten 2a,b umgesetzt werden. Unter der katalytischen Wirkung von Kupferpulver in DMF gelingt die Umlagerung von 1a,b in 1,2-Dihydro-2,2-bis(trifluormethyl)-5H-imidazol-5-one 3a,b in guten Ausbeuten. Von 1a,c und 3a wurden durch 1H-DNMR-Untersuchungen die Aktivierungsparameter der gehinderten Rotation um die C-4—N-Bindung bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 17
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Heterocyclic β-Enamino Esters, 41. Vinylogeous Principle on 6,7-Dihydro-1H-azepines; Cycloaddition and Novel Rearrangement to 2,3,3a,7a-Tetrahydroindoles.  -  Thermal [2 + 2]-Cycloadditions with 4-R-TADThe conjugated π-Systems of 6,7-dihydrooxepines, -thiepines, and -azepines (1-5) show a remarkable alternance of their 13C NMR shifts. In a cycloaddition-ring enlargement sequence the 6,7-dihydroazepine 3 reacts with acetylenedicarboxylates at the 4,5-double bond to afford first the intermediary 8,9-dihydro-1H-azonines 6B. These give in turn the indoles 7a,b via thermal 6π-electron cyclization. Under subsequent rearrangement 2,3,3a,7a-tetrahydroindoles 8a,b are formed. The structure of 8a is established by X-ray diffraction. In a polar [2 + 2]-cycloaddition 4-R-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione (4-R-TAD) gives with 3 and 5 the [1,2,4]triazolo[1′,2′:1,2]diazet-[3,4-d]azepines 10a-d and 11a,b resp., and with the bis-TAD 12 the 2:1-adduct 13. Treatment of 10a with phenyl isocyanate originates the carbodiimide 14 which is converted with basic ring closure into the pyrimido[4,5-b]azepine 15.
    Notes: 6,7-Dihydrooxepine, -thiepine und -azepine (1-5) zeigen eine ausgeprägte Alternanz ihrer 13C-NMR-Verschiebungen im konjugierten π-System. Das 6,7-Dihydroazepin 3 reagiert mit Acetylendicarbonsäureestern zunächst unter Cycloaddition-Ringerweiterung an der 4,5-Doppelbindung zu den intermediären 8,9-Dihydro-1H-azoninen 6b. Diese ergeben sogleich unter thermischem 6π-Elektronenringschluß die Indole 7a,b. Nach erneuter Umlagerung entstehen 2,3,3a,7a-Tetrahydroindole 8a,b; die Konstitution von 8a wird durch Röntgenstrukturanalyse ermittelt. Mit 4-R-1,2,4-Triazolin-3,5-dionen (4-R-TAD) entstehen aus 3 und 5 in polarer [2 + 2]-Cycloaddition die [1,2,4]Triazolo[1′,2′:1,2]diazet[3,4-d]azepine 10a-d und 11a,b mit dem Bis-TAD 12 das 2:1-Addukt 13. 10a ergibt mit Phenylisocyanat das Carbodiimid 14 und beim basischen Ringschluß das Pyrimido[4,5-b]azepin 15.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2135-2142 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Reagents, XXXVII. (α-Lithioalkyl)diphenylarsane Oxides: Synthesis and Application for the Indirect Nucleophilic HaloalkylationDue to ready accessibility and high nucleophilicity (α-lithioalkyl)diphenylarsane oxides (2) are favorable reagents for the synthesis of many organoarsenic compounds. In organic synthesis they are recommendable as reagents for indirect nucleophilic haloalkylation reactions (Hal=Cl, Br, I).
    Notes: (α-Lithioalkyl)diphenylarsanoxide (2) sind wegen ihrer bequemen Zugänglichkeit und hohen Nucleophilie günstige Reagenzien zur Darstellung zahlreicher Organoarsenverbindungen. In der organischen Synthese sind sie als Reagenzien für indirekte nucleophile Haloalkylierungen (Hal=Cl, Br, I) empfehlenswert.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2143-2149 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Reagents, XXXVIII. Addition of (α-Lithioalkyl)diphenylarsane Oxides to Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone with Extreme DiastereoselectivityIn contrast to α-lithiated alkyldiphenylphosphane oxides, the α-lithiated alkyldiphenylarsane oxides 3a and b react extremely diastereoselectively with benzaldehyde to give the alcohols erythro-4a and erythro-4b, respectively. Analogously, 3b reacts extremely diastereoselectively with acetophenone, whereas by reaction with aliphatic aldehydes a mixture of two diastereomeric alcohols (erythro:threo = 1.5-1.7:1) is formed.
    Notes: Im Gegensatz zu α-lithiierten Alkyldiphenylphosphanoxiden reagieren die α-lithiierten Alkyldiphenylarsanoxide 3a und b hoch diastereoselektiv mit Benzaldehyd zu den Alkoholen erythro 4a bzw. erythro-4b. Auch mit Acetophenon reagiert 3b extrem diastereoselektiv, während bei der Umsetzung mit aliphatischen Aldehyden ein Diastereomeren-Gemisch anfällt (erythro:threo = 1.5-1.7:1).
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2150-2158 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Reagents, XXXIX. Optimization of the Diastereo- and Aldehyde Selectivity of Horner-Type Reagents by Modification of the StructureIntroduction of an ortho-substituent in the phenyl residues of (α-lithiobutyl)diphenylphosphane oxide (7) increases the diastereoselectivity in the reaction with benzaldehyde. (α-Lithiobutyl)bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphane oxide (9) gave the erythro-product 12 even exclusively by reacting with benzaldehyde.  -  Exchange of the lithium atom of (lithiomethyl)-diphenylphosphane oxide (17) for chromium or titanium brought about much better aldehyde selectivity in competition experiments with benzaldehyde and acetophenone.
    Notes: Durch Einführung eines ortho-Substituenten in die Phenylreste von (α-Lithiobutyl)diphenylphosphanoxid (7) wird die Diastereoselektivität bei der Umsetzung mit Benzaldehyd gesteigert. (α-Lithiobutyl)bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphanoxid (9) reagierte mit Benzaldehyd sogar ausschließlich zum erythro-Produkt 12.  -  Der Austausch des Lithiumatoms von (Lithiomethyl)diphenylphosphanoxid (17) gegen Chrom oder Titan führte zu stark erhöhter Aldehydselektivität bei Konkurrenzversuchen mit dem Substratpaar Benzaldehyd/Acetophenon.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2178-2190 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Enantioselektive diastereospezifische Synthese von anti-α-Alkyl-β-hydroxycarbonsäureestern durch Cuprat-Ringöffnung von GlycidesternEine über die Zwischenglieder 4-7 ablaufende diastereospezifische Kettenverlängerung von Aldehyden 1 zu anti-α-Alkyl-β-hydroxyestern 2 wird beschrieben. Durch Verwendung der Sharpless-Epoxidierung kann 2 mit Enantiomerenüberschüssen von 〉90% in Form beider Antipoden erhalten werden.
    Notes: A diastereospecific chain elongation of the aldehydes 1 of anti-α-alkyl-β-hydroxy esters 2 via the intermediates 4-7 is described. By means of the Sharpless epoxidation, 2 may be obtained with 〉90% ee in either enantiomer.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2159-2172 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese with Cyclobutadienes, 13. Azapentafulvenes from 2,3,4-Tri-tert-butylcyclobutadiene-1-carboxylic Esters and IsonitrilesFrom kinetically stabilized cyclobutadienes 6a and b and isonitriles 7a-c the azapentafulvenes 9a-d are obtained. In contrast, 6a reacts with 7d exclusively to form the constitution isomeric azapentafulvene 11e. Both isomers (9f and 11f) are realized in the reaction of 6a with 7e. The structural assignment of the isomers 9 and 11 is based on 13C NMR investigations as well as on an X-ray analysis performed for 9a. Hydrolysis of 9 and 11 yields the tri-tert-butyl substituted cyclopentadienones 20a,b and 21. By photochemical means 21 is transformed into the isomer 20a, which can also be obtained directly from the cyclobutadiene 6a and carbon monoxide.
    Notes: Aus den kinetisch stabilisierten Cyclobutadienen 6a bzw. b und den Isonitrilen 7a-c erhält man die Azapentafulvene 9a-d. Im Gegensatz dazu reagiert 6a mit 7d ausschließlich unter Bildung des konstitutionsisomeren Azapentafulvens 11e. Beide Möglichkeiten (9f und 11f) werden bei der Umsetzung von 6a mit 7e wahrgenommen. Die Strukturzuordnung der Isomeren 9 und 11 beruht auf 13C-NMR-Untersuchungen sowie auf der Röntgenstrukturanalyse für 9a. Hydrolyse von 9 und 11 macht die tri-tert-butylsubstituierten Cyclopentadienone 20a,b und 21 zugänglich. Photochemisch läßt sich 21 in das Isomere 20a umwandeln, das auch unmittelbar aus dem Cyclobutadien 6a und Kohlenmonoxid erhalten werden kann.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2191-2207 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Stereoselective Aldol Reaction with Chiral Secondary AcetamidesThe deprotonated acetamides 4a-c und 5a-c are added to prochiral carbonyl compounds. The influence of the solvent, of the reaction temperature, and of the enolate gegenion on the ratio of the isomeric products 8/9, 18/19, and 26/27, respectively, are studied. The highest degrees of diastereoselectivity are observed, when the titanium enolate of the acetamide 4a or the threefold deprotonated N-acetyl-α-phenylglycinol (5a) is used. The diastereomers 18a-d, formed in excess in the addition of 5a to aldehydes, are isolated in a pure form by a single recrystallization, and afford the enantiomerically pure β-hydroxy carboxylic acids 3a-d. Thereby, the chiral auxiliary, α-phenylglycinol (14), is recovered.
    Notes: Die deprotonierten Acetamide 4a-c und 5a-c werden an prochirale Carbonylverbindungen addiert. Dabei wird der Einfluß von Lösungsmittel, Temperatur und Enolat-Gegenion auf das jeweilige Verhältnis der isomeren Produkte 8/9, 18/19 und 26/27 untersucht. Die höchsten Diastereoselektivitäten lassen sich mit dem Titan-enolat des Amids 4a und dem dreifach deprotonierten N-Acetyl-α-phenylglycinol (5a) erzielen. Die bei der Addition von 5a an Aldehyde im Überschuß gebildeten Diastereomeren 18a-d können durch einmaliges Umkristallisieren rein erhalten werden und liefern nach alkalischer Hydrolyse die enantiomerenreinen β-Hydroxycarbonsäuren 3a-d. Dabei wird der chirale Hilfsstoff, α-Phenylglycinol (14), zurückgewonnen.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2220-2232 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reaction of Azibenzils with Nonafluorobutanesulfonic AnhydrideReaction of azibenzils 1a-e with nonafluorobutanesulfonic anhydride (Nf2O) yields mainly vinylene bis(nonafluorobutanesulfonates) E,Z-2a-e and benzils 3a-e. The presence of a non-nucleophilic amine prevents decomposition of the azibenzils by traces of acid in the anhydride. Compounds 2 stem from an inital O-sulfonylation of the azibenzils, whereas C-sulfonylation perhaps leads to the benzils. Diazodiphenylmethane is decomposed by Nf2O to give tetraphenylethylene, benzophenone, and benzophenone azine.
    Notes: Die Azibenzile 1a-e reagieren mit Nonafluorbutansulfonsäureanhydrid (Nf2O) hauptsächlich zu den Vinylen-bis(nonafluorbutansulfonaten) E,Z-2a-e und den Benzilen 3a-e. Um die Zersetzung der Azibenzile durch Säurespuren im Anhydrid zu vermeiden, ist der Zusatz eines nicht nucleophilen Amins erforderlich. Die Produkte 2 gehen aus einer einleitenden O-Sulfonylierung der Azibenzile hervor, für die Bildung der Benzile könnte eine C-Sulfonylierung verantwortlich sein. Diazodiphenylmethan wird durch Nf2O zu Tetraphenylethylen, Benzophenon und Benzophenon-azin zersetzt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2339-2349 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Concerning the Question of Positional Isomerism in Disubstituted BullvalenesWe report about 15 new disubstituted bullvalenes (2, 4, 5, 11, 12, 14-20, 22-24) and discuss their substitution pattern together with 9 known species (1, 3, 6-10, 13, 21). The results which are partly unexpected are put together phenomenologically. We have no reasonable explanation for some results, i.e. only a few substituents with „complementary“ properties like the pair CH2OH/Br or CH3/CN in compounds 16 and 18, respectively, prefer a vicinal arrangement at a double bond.
    Notes: Wir berichten über 15 neue disubstituierte Bullvalene (2, 4, 5, 11, 12, 14-20, 22-24) und diskutieren ihr Substitutionsmuster gemeinsam mit dem von 9 bekannten Vertretern (1, 3, 6-10, 13, 21). Die teilweise unerwarteten Ergebnisse werden phänomenologisch geordnet. Für einige Befunde fehlen befriedigende Erklärungen. So bevorzugen z. B. nur manche Substituenten mit „komplementären“ Eigenschaften wie das Paar CH2OH/Br oder CH3/CN in den Verbindungen 16 bzw. 18 eine vicinale Anordnung an der Doppelbindung.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2317-2338 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Regio- and Stereoselectivity of Novel Thermal [3 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions of Mesonionic 1,3-Oxathiol-4-ones to Alkynes and AlkenesAs potential carbonyl ylides, the 1,3-oxathiolyium-4-olates 1c or 1d combine with dibenzoylacetylene or 1-(diethylamino)-1-propyne via nonisolable [3 + 2] primary adducts of type 2, which release COS to give the furan derivatives 3a or b, respectively. On the other hand, some representative of 1 reacts with symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted olefinic substrates with regio- and/or stereoselective formation of the isolable [3 + 2] primary adducts 4-16. In the example of the reactions of 1c with trans- and cis-cyclooctene, the stereospecificities and the competition constant are determined. Furthermore, the thermolyses of the cycloadducts 4b,5,6, and 7a,b are investigated. The addition directions, derived from the FMO and PMO theory, are compared with the experimentally realized regiochemistry.
    Notes: Als potentielle Carbonyl-ylide vereinigen sich die 1,3-Oxathiolylium-4-olate 1c oder 1d mit Dibenzoylacetylen oder 1-(Diethylamino)-1-propin über nicht isolierbare [3 + 2]-Primäraddukte vom Typ 2 unter COS-Abspaltung zu Furan-Derivaten 3a bzw. b. Demgegenüber reagieren einige Vertreter von 1 mit symmetrisch und unsymmetrisch substituierten olefinischen Substraten regio- und/oder stereoselektiv zu isolierbaren [3 + 2]-Primäraddukten 4-16. Am Beispiel der Umsetzung von 1c mit trans- und cis-Cycloocten werden die Stereospezifitäten und die Konkurrenzkonstante ermittelt. Weiterhin werden die Thermolysen der Cycloaddukte 4b, 5, 6 und 7a,b untersucht. Die aus der FMO- und PMO-Theorie abgeleiteten Additionsrichtungen werden mit der experimentell realisierten Regiochemie verglichen.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2350-2361 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Hydrogenolysis of Small Cycloalkanes, XIII. Hydrogenation of Homocubane DerivativesTwo dihydro products 5a and 7a are formed by hydrogenation of homocubane (6a) with Pd-, Pt-, and Rh-catalysts. Only the unsymmetric 7a reacts further to give twistbrendane (8a). In addition, ca. 20% brendane (11a) is obtained by hydrogenation of homocuneane (9a), which is formed from 6a by rearrangement on the catalyst. The yield of the symmetric dihydro product 5b is raised up to 40% in the case of hydrogenation of the ethylene acetal 6b of the 9-ketone on Rh/Al2O3. With the ester 6d no 5d is obtained but 7d and 8d only.
    Notes: Die Hydrierung von Homocuban (6a) mit Pd-, Pt- und Rh-Katalysatoren führt zu zwei Dihydroverbindungen 5a und 7a, von denen nur das unsymmetrische Hauptprodukt rasch zu Twistbrendan (8a) weiterreagiert. Durch Umlagerung von Homocuban zu Homocunean (9a) und dessen Hydrierung entstehen daneben auch bis zu 20% Brendan (11a). Im Falle des 9-Keton-Ethylenacetals 6b kann über Rh/Al2O3 der Anteil am symmetrischen Dihydroprodukt 5b bis 40% betragen, im Falle des Carbonsäureesters 6d erhält man dagegen nur 7d und 8d, aber kein 5d.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 28
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Aliphatische Azoverbindungen, XV. cis- und trans-Tetracyclopropyl- und Tetra-tert-butylazomethanDie Produkte und die Kinetik der Thermolysen der Titelverbindungen 3 und 5 wurden untersucht. Wie die trans-Isomeren, so zerfallen auch die cis-Azoverbindungen in Radikale ohne begleitende cis-trans-Isomerisierung. Der Einfluß der Strukturvariation auf die Reaktivität wird diskutiert. Durch Bestrahlen von trans-Tetra-tert-butylazomethan (trans-5) bei 60-120°C in Benzol oder Chlorbenzol läßt sich fast quantitativ 1,1,2,2-Tetra-tert-butylethan darstellen.
    Notes: The products and the kinetics of the thermolysis of the title compounds 3 and 5 were investigated. Like the trans-isomers, the cis-azo compounds also undergo homolytic decomposition without accompanying cis-trans-isomerization. The observed structure-reactivity relationships are discussed. On irradiation of trans-tetra-tetr-butylazomethane (trans-5) at 60-120°C in benzene or chlorobenzene an almost quantitative yield of 1,1,2,2-tetra-tert-butylethane is obtained.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 1919-1930 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Pentacarbonylchromium Complexes of 1H-IsoindolesThe 1H-isoindoles 1e-k are converted into the pentacarbonylchromium complexes 4e-k by means of ligand exchange reactions with pentacarbonyl(η2-cis-cyclooctene)chromium (3). Likewise, the 2H-isoindoles (2a-d) which are able to undergo tautomerism are complexed in the 1H-form 4a-d. This reaction allows, for the first time, to isolate even unsubstituted 1H-isoindole (1a) from the equilibrium with 2H-isoindole (2a) as a stable derivative 4a. The structure 4 of the pentacarbonyl(η1-1H-isoindole)chromium complexes is elucidated from the analytical and spectroscopic data (IR, 1H and 13C NMR, MS) as confirmed by means of an X-ray structure analysis of the 3-ethoxy-1H-isoindole complex 4e.
    Notes: Die 1H-Isoindole 1e-k werden durch Ligandenaustausch mit Pentacarbonyl(η2-cis-cycloocten)chrom (3) in die Pentacarbonylchrom-Komplexe 4e-k übergeführt; tautomeriefähige 2H-Isoindol (2a-d) werden ebenfalls in der 1H-Form komplexiert (4a-d). Diese Reaktion erlaubt erstmals, auch das unsubstituierte 1H-Isoindol (1a) aus dem Gleichgewicht mit 2H-Isoindol (2a) in Form eines stabilen Derivats 4a zu isolieren. Die Struktur 4 der Pentacarbonyl(η1-1H-isoindol)chrom-Komplexe ergibt sich aus den analytischen und spektroskopischen Daten (IR, 1H- und 13C-NMR, MS) und wird durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse des 3-Ethoxy-1H-isoindol-Komplexes 4e bestätigt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 1953-1963 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cycloadditions, 6. Intramolecular Diels-Alder Reaction of Allenecarboxanilides; Variation of the Residue Geminal to the Carboxamide GroupThe 2,3-butadienanilides 6a-h, unsubstituted in the ω-position, are synthesized by the ynamine way and submitted to thermolysis. They isomerize without exception by intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction more or less quickly, irreversibly, and quantitatively to give the tricyclic lactams 8a-h, the aniline nucleus functioning as diene in all cases. The structures of 8 are confirmed by spectroscopic data and by an X-ray analysis (8b).
    Notes: Die in ω-Position unsubstituierten 2,3-Butadienanilide 6a-h werden auf dem Inaminweg synthetisiert und der Thermolyse unterworfen. Sie isomerisieren ohne Ausnahme in einer intramolekularen Diels-Alder-Reaktion mehr oder weniger rasch, irreversibel und quantitativ zu den tricyclischen Lactamen 8a-h, wobei der Anilinkern jeweils als „Dien“ fungiert. Die Strukturen 8 werden spektroskopisch und durch eine Röntgenstrukturanalyse (8b) bestätigt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 1931-1952 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Novel Chelated Organodiboroxanes and Organoboroxins from Triorganoboroxins and Enolizable 1,3-DiketonesTrialkylboroxins (RBO)3 (1) [1a: R=CH3; 1b: R=C2H5] react with enolizable 1,3-diketones (R′CO)2CH2 [2a: R′=CH3; 2b: R′=C6H5] at ≈ 20°C with fast degradation of the boroxin rings to give the monochelated diboroxanes 3 of the composition HOB(R)OB(R)OC(R′)CHC(R′)O [3aa: R=R′=CH3; 3ba: R=C2H5, R′=CH3; 3bb: R=C2H5, R′=C6H5] in yields up to 85%. The solid 3 with H-bridged bicyclic structures are in equilibrium with partially ring opened compounds in solution (1H, 11B, 13C, and 17O NMR data). From 1b with 2a or from triphenylboroxin (1c) with 2b the double chelated diboroxanes [RB(R′CO)2CH]2O [4ba: R=C2H5, R′=CH3; 4cb: R=R′=C6H5] are obtained. 1c reacts with 2a or 2b at 〉 140°C under slow protolysis of the B-phenyl residues to form the single and double chelated boroxins 5 and 6 having the compositions R2B3O3(R′CO)2CH [5ca: R=C6H5, R′=CH3; 5cb: R=R′=C6H5] and RB3O3[(R′CO)2CH]2 [6cb. R=R′=C6H5].  -  4, 5, and 6 with fully or partially chelated boron atoms are stable up to 〉 200°C.  -  The molecular structures of 4cb and 5ca were determined by X-ray analyses.
    Notes: Aus Trialkylboroxinen (RBO)3 (1) [1a: R=CH3; 1b: R=C2H5] bilden sich bei ≈ 20°C mit enolisierbaren 1,3-Diketonen (R′CO)2CH2 [2a: R′=CH3; 2b: R′=C6H5] unter raschem Abbau der Boroxin-Ringe in bis zu 85proz. Ausbeute die monochelatisierten Diboroxane 3 der Zusammensetzung HOB(R)OB(R)OC(R′)CHC(R′)O [3aa: R=R′=CH3; 3ba: R=C2H5, R′=CH3; 3bb: R=C2H5, R′=C6H5]. Die festen 3 mit H-verbrückter bicyclischer Struktur stehen in Lösung im Gleichgewicht mit partiell ringgeöffneten Verbindungen (1H-, 11B-, 13C- und 17O-NMR-Daten). Aus 1b erhält man mit 2a und aus Triphenylboroxin (1c) mit 2b die zweifach chelatisierten Diboroxane [RB(R′CO)2CH]2O [4ba: R=C2H5, R′=CH3; 4cb: R=R′=C6H5]. 1c reagiert mit 2a oder 2b bei 〉 140°C unter langsamer Protolyse der B-Phenylreste zu den einfach und zweifach chelatisierten Boroxinen 5 und 6 mit den Zusammensetzungen R2B3O3(R′CO)2CH [5ca: R=C6H5, R′=CH3; 5cb: R=R′=C6H5] und RB3O3[(R′CO)2CH]2 [6cb: R=R′=C6H5]. 4, 5 und 6 mit vollständig bzw. partiell chelatisierten Bor-Atomen sind bis 〉 200°C stabil.  -  Die Molekülstrukturen von 4cb und 5ca wurden durch Röntgenstrahlbeugungsanalysen bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 1964-1976 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 7-Bromo-2,9[1′,2′]-benzenoadamantan-4-one  -  A New Synthesis of the Adamantane SkeletonMichael addition of methylenemalonic ester to the tetrahydro-10-nitro-5,9-methano-7H-benzocyclohepten-7-one ethylene acetal 9 produced the starting compound 11. Removal of the nitro group reduction of the ester groups, cleavage of the acetal group, and transformation of the alcohol functions into tosylates yielded compound 14. Cyclisation of 14 resulted in the tetracyclic compound 17. Addition of bromine and reaction with NaOH gave 21, the first known benzenoadamantanone derivative. The stereochemistry of the intermediates was established by NMR investigations.
    Notes: Michael-Addition von Methylenmalonester an das Tetrahydro-10-nitro-5,9-methano-7H-benzocyclohepten-7-on-ethylenacetal 9 lieferte die Ausgangsverbindung 11. Abspaltung der Nitrogruppe, Reduktion der Estergruppen, Entfernung der Acetalgruppe und Umwandlung der Alkoholfunktionen in Tosylate ergab die Verbindung 14. Eine Cyclisierung dieses Produktes führte zum Tetracyclus 17. Bromaddition und Umsetzung mit NaOH ergab 21, das erste bekannte Benzenoadamantanon-Derivat. Die Stereochemie der Zwischenprodukte wurde durch NMR-Untersuchungen ermittelt.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 1986-1993 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: New Metallacycles of Titanocene, Zirconocene, and Hafnocene Systems with S,N- and N,N′-Coordinated Chelate LigandsBy reaction of metallocene dichlorides of subgroup IV M(η5-C5H4R)2Cl2 (R=H: M=Ti, 1a; Zr, 1b; Hf, 1c. R=CH3: M=Ti, 1d) with equivalent amounts of the S,N- or N,N′-dilithium salts of o-aminothiophenol or o-phenylenediamine, respectively, M(η5-C5H4R)2(SC6H4NH) (R=H: M=Ti, 2a; Zr, 2b; Hf, 2c. R=CH3: M=Ti, 2d) and M(η5-C5H5)2(NHC6H4NH) (M=Ti, 3a; Zr, 3b; Hf, 3c) can be prepared as chelate complexes. The structure of the complexes 2a-d with five-membered MSC2N chelate rings is discussed on the basis of their temperature-variable 1H NMR spectra. The fragmentation of the chelates 2a-d and 3a-c is observed in the mass spectra.
    Notes: Durch Reaktion von Metallocen-dichloriden der IV. Nebengruppe M(η5-C5H4R)2Cl2 (R=H: M=Ti, 1a; Zr, 1b; Hf, 1c. R=CH3: M=Ti, 1d mit äquimolaren Mengen der S,N-bzw. N,N′-Dilithium-Salze des o-Aminothiophenols oder o-Phenylendiamins können die Chelat-Komplexe M(η5-C5H4R)2(SC6H4NH) (R=H: M=Ti, 2a; Zr, 2b; Hf, 2c. R=CH3: M=Ti, 2d) und M(η5-C5H5)2(NHC6H4NH) (M=Ti, 3a; Zr, 3b; Hf, 3c) dargestellt werden. Die Struktur der Komplexe 2a-d mit fünfgliedrigen MSC2N-Chelatringen wird anhand ihrer temperaturvariablen 1H-NMR-Spektren diskutiert. Die Fragmentierung der Chelate 2a-d und 3a-c im Massenspektrum wird untersucht.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 34
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Arene(phosphane)metal Complexes, XII. Unexpected Formation of Monohydrido(phosphane)osmium(II) Complexes C6H6OsH[PMe2(OR)]I from C6H6Os(PMe2H)I2. A Compound with an Os=PMe2 Bond as Intermediate?The reaction of [C6H6OsI2]2 (4) with PMe2H produces the compound C6H6Os(PMe2H)I2 (5) which reacts with KO-t-C4H9 in methanol or diethylamine to give the monohydrido-(phosphane)osmium(II) complexes C6H6OsH[PMe2(OR)]I (6a, R=CH3; 6b, R=t-C4H9). The mechanism possibly involves the formation of an intermediate 7 containing an Os=PMe2 bond.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 35
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2059-2061 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 5,6-Dihydro-2H-pyrans by [4+2]-Cycloaddition of Diethyl Mesoxalate to 1-Alkoxy-1,3-butadienesThe enantiomers of diethyl 3-alkyl-2-ethoxy-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-6,6-dicarboxylates 3 are obtained under mild conditions in yields 〉95% by [4+2]-cycloaddition of diethyl mesoxalate 2 to 2-alkyl-1-ethoxy-1,3-butadienes 1 which are easily prepared by Wittig alkenylation of 2-alkyl-3-ethoxyacroleins.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 36
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthese von Ketenaminalen mit Imidazolidinring durch Kondensation von 4,5-Dihydro-2-(methylthio)-1H-imidazolen mit CH-aciden Methylenverbindungen und einige Additions-und Cyclokondensations-Reaktionen4,5-Dihydro-2-(methylthio)-1H-imidazole 1a, b reagieren mit aktiven Methylenverbindungen 2a-f unter Eliminierung von Methanthiol zu den entsprechend substituierten Methylenimidazolidinen 3a-f und 4c-f. Die Verbindungen 2g-j, die eine aktivere Carbonylgruppe enthalten, ergeben mit 1a unter Eliminierung einer Methylthio- und Acylgruppe 3g-i. 3a, g-i reagieren mit Estern ungesättigter Säuren in einer Additions- und Cyclokondensations-Sequenz zu den entsprechenden Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridinen 5,6 und 7, ergeben aber mit Azodicarbonsäure-diethylester nur die Additionsprodukte 8.
    Notes: The 4,5-dihydro-2-(methylthio)-1H-imidazoles 1a,b react with active methylene compounds 2a-f to afford the corresponding substituted methyleneimidazolidines 3a-f and 4c-f by elimination of methanethiol. The reaction of compounds 2g-j, which contain a more active carbonyl group, with 1a gives 3g-i by elimination of a methylthio group as well as an acyl group, too. 3a,g-i react with esters of α,β-unsaturated acids to afford the corresponding imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines 5,6, and 7 in an addition and cyclocondensation reaction sequence, but with diethyl azodicarboxylate only to give the addition product 8.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2233-2248 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Deamination Reactions, 43. The Effect of Trifluoromethyl Groups on the Reactivity of Aliphatic Diazonium Ions and CarbocationsVarious trifluoroalkanamines (9, 26, 35, 38, 45, 56, and 67) have been prepared and diazotized (water, pH 3.5) to probe the effect of trifluoromethyl groups on the reactivity of aliphatic diazonium ions. The product distributions reveal that α-CF3 groups enhance inverting displacement and enforce rearrangements (hydride shifts) separating the positive charge from CF3. Migrations of the positive charge from the β- to the γ-position are less strongly promoted than those from α to β. Enhancement factors of ca. 15 (α → β) and 4 (β → γ) may be derived by comparison with analogous alkanediazonium ions. The positive charge does not migrate in the reverse direction (β → α) except for minor amounts of a pinacolic rearrangement (68 → 7). A migration of the positive charge from γ to β has been detected with 36 but a tenfold decrease as compared to the analogous butanediazonium ion 37 is indicated. All observations are reasonably explained in terms of the relative stabilites of the intermediate trifluoroalkyl cations.
    Notes: Eine Reihe von Trifluoralkanaminen (9, 26, 35, 38, 45, 56 und 67) wurde dargestellt und diazotiert (Wasser, pH 3.5), um den Einfluß von Trifluormethylgruppen auf die Reaktionsweise aliphatischer Diazonium-Ionen zu untersuchen. Die Produktverteilungen zeigen, daß α-CF3-Gruppen die invertierende Substitution verstärken und Umlagerungen (Wasserstoffverschiebungen) fördern, welche die positive Ladung von der CF3-Gruppe trennen. Die Wanderung der positiven Ladung von der β- zur γ-Position wird weniger stark gefördert als die von α nach β. Aus dem Vergleich mit analogen Alkandiazonium-Ionen lassen sich Beschleunigungsfaktoren von ca. 15 (α → β) und 4 (β → γ) ableiten. In umgekehrter Richtung (β → α) wandert die positive Ladung nicht, abgesehen von einem kleinen Anteil Pinakol-Umlagerung (68 → 7). Eine Ladungsverschiebung von der γ- zur β-Position wurde bei 36 gefunden; im Vergleich zum analogen Butandiazonium-Ion 37 ist sie um den Faktor 10 verringert. Alle Beobachtungen sind im Einklang mit der relativen Stabilität der intermediären Trifluoralkyl-Kationen.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 38
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2249-2260 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Chemistry of Thermally and Photochemically Generated Cyclobutan- and CyclobutenylidenesEHT- and MINDO/3-calculations of endo- and exocyclic 4-membered ring carbenes with 4π (1), 6π (2 and 6), and 8π (8) electrons are presented. Flash thermolysis and photolysis of suitable precursors yield 18 intramoleculary. Intermolecular reactions afford 15, 19, and 20. Multiplicities of carbenes 1, 2, 6, and 8, are discussed.
    Notes: EHT- und MINDO/3-Rechnungen an endo- und exocyclischen Vierringcarbenen mit 4π (1), 6π (2 und 6) und 8π (8) Elektronen werden vorgestellt. Blitzthermolysen und Photolysen der entsprechenden Carbenvorläufer führen zu den intramolekularen Reaktionsprodukten 18. Intermolekulare Reaktionen liefern 15, 19, 20. Entsprechende Multiplizitäten von 1, 2, 6 und 8 werden erörtert.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2261-2271 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Chemistry of Boron, 174. Isomerisation of 2,3-Dihydro-1,4,2,3-dithiadiborine, 1,4,2,3-Dithiadiborinane, and 2,3-Dihydro-1,4,2,3-benzodithiadiborine DerivativesThe six-membered title ring systems with a ring skeleton isomerize on heating into derivatives consisting of the five-membered ring skeleton while retaining the boron to boron bond. A redox disproportionation competes with the isomerisation, and becomes increasingly important as the C—C bond length of the six-membered rings (6 〈 8 〈 15) increases. Only one of the two dimethylamino groups of 2-[bis(dimethylamino)boryl]-1,3,2-dithiaborole (7a) can be replaced by a halogen atom in electrophilic displacement reactions.
    Notes: Die im Titel genannten sechsgliedrigen Ringsysteme mit -Gerüst lagern bei höherer Temperatur in fünfgliedrige Ringe mit -Gerüst unter Erhaltung der B—B-Bindung um. In Konkurrenz zu dieser Isomerisierung tritt eine Redoxdisproportionierung, die mit länger werdender C—C-Bindung (vgl. die Reihe 6 〈 8 〈 15) der Isomerisierung den Rang abläuft. Nur eine der beiden Dimethylamino-Gruppen von 2-[Bis-(dimethylamino)boryl]-1,3,2-dithiaborol (7a) kann elektrophil gegen ein Halogenatom substituiert werden.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2272-2288 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Novel 2,6-Disubstituted AzulenesMethods are described to introduce varying residues into 2- and 6-positions of azulene, starting from diethyl 6-bromo-2-methoxy-1,3-azulenedicarboxylate (1). 2-Substitution is achieved by Grignard reaction or exchange of the alkoxy group and by aldol condensation of 2-methyl compounds whereas 6-substitution is conducted by nucleophilic displacement and by homo- and hetero-aromatic coupling. Consecutive dealkoxycarbonylation yields azulenes 20 with free 1,3-positions. Biazulenes 9a-c and 201, 20m, styryl- and bis(styryl)-azulenes 15-18 and 20i-k, and finally the azulenedialdehyde 19 are novel compounds which were difficult to prepare or were inaccessible so far.
    Notes: Ausgehend von 6-Brom-2-methoxy-1,3-azulendicarbonsäure-diethylester (1) werden Methoden zur Einführung unterschiedlicher Reste in 2- und 6-Position entwickelt. 2-Substitution gelingt durch Grignard-Reaktion oder Austausch der Alkoxygruppe sowie durch Aldol-Kondensation von 2-Methylverbindungen, während 6-Substitution durch nucleophilen Austausch und durch Homo- und Kreuz-Aromaten-Kupplungen erfolgt. Anschließende Dealkoxycarbonylierung erbringt Azulene 20 mit freien 1,3-Stellungen. Die Biazulene 9a-c und 201, 20m, die Styryl- und Bis(styryl)azulene 15-18 und 20i-k sowie der Azulendialdehyd 19 sind Verbindungen, die bisher schwierig oder nicht zugänglich waren.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2308-2316 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis and Physical Properties of Stable 1,3-Oxathiolylium-4-olatesThe synthesis and physical properties as well as some data, calculated with the MNDO method, of the title compounds of type 5a-e and 8, which belong to the class of the mesoionic 6π hetarenes, are described.
    Notes: Die Synthese und physikalischen Eigenschaften sowie einige mit dem MNDO-Verfahren berechnete Daten der Titelverbindungen vom Typ 5a-e und 8, die zur Klasse der mesoionischen 6π-Hetarene zählen, werden beschrieben.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 119 (1986), S. 2289-2307 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Organic Syntheses via Transition Metal Complexes, 15. 3-Amino-2-aroylindoles, 2-Alkylideneindolenines, Pyrazino-diindoles, and Azetidines via Template Condensation of Aryl Isocyanides with Carbene ComplexesVia template condensation of aryl isocyanides Ar-NC (1) (Ar=C6H5, p-MeC6H4, p-NO2C6H4, p-CH3OC6H4, o-CH3OC6H4) with carbene complexes (CO)5M=C(OC2H5)R (2) (M=Cr, Mo; R=C6H5, 2-thienyl, CH3) the 3-amino-2-aroyl (or acyl)indoles 10, 2-alkylideneindolenines 16, pyrazino-diindoles 18, and azetidines 13 are obtained depending on the substituents at the aryl group. Electron-rich aryl isocyanides favour the formation of indoles, electron-poor aryl isocyanides the formation of azetidines. The former react with 2 in the presence of water to give good yields of 10, the latter in the presence of ethanol mainly to yield an open-chain imidic ester 11 together with an azetidine 13. In aprotic solvents 13 is the main product. 13 forms a mixture of rapidly equilibrating cis/trans-isomers via a rotation of the exo-C=C bond (ΔG≠ = 57.4 kj/mol). Hydrolysis of 13 yields an open-chain amide 20, which has a C4-backbone finally built up of three isocyanide carbons and one carbene carbon. In absence of protic nucleophiles, the reaction of electron-rich aryl isocyanides with 2 gives pyrazino-diindoles 18 via the dimerisation of an intermediate 2-alkylideneindole 16. The 7-OCH3 derivative 16e has been obtained in monomeric form since dimerisation in hindered in this case for steric reasons. All reactions described in this paper proceed via intermediate formation of ketenimine complexes 3, to which isocyanides are attached at the central carbon atom of the NCC unit.
    Notes: Durch Templat-Kondensation von Arylisocyaniden (1) (Ar=C6H5, p-MeC6H4, p-NO2C6H4, p-CH3OC6H4, o-CH3OC6H4) mit Carbenkomplexen (CO)5M=C(OC2H5)R (2) (M=Cr, Mo; R=C6H5, 2-Thienyl, CH3) erhält man die 3-Amino-2-aroyl(bzw. acyl)indole 10, 2-Alkylidenindolenine 16, Pyrazino-diindole 18 oder Azetidine 13. Die Cyclisierung zu Indolen wird durch elektronenreiche, die Bildung von Azetidinen durch elektronenarme Arylisocyanide begünstigt. Entsprechend liefern erstere mit 2 in Gegenwart von Wasser gute Ausbeuten an 10, letztere in Gegenwart von Ethanol hingegen bevorzugt einen offenkettigen Imidsäureester 11 und ein Azetidin 13. In aprotischem Medium fällt 13 als Hauptprodukt an. 13 liegt als Isomerengemisch vor, das unter Rotation um die exo-C=C-Bindung rasch äquilibriert (ΔG≠ = 57.4 kj/mol) und leicht zum Säureamid 20 hydrolysiert. Das C4-Gerüst von 20 baut sich letztlicht aus drei Isocyanid- und einem Carbenkohlenstoff auf. Elektronenreiche Arylisocyanide bilden mit 2 die Pyrazino-diindole 18 durch Dimerisierung eines intermediären 2-Alkylidenindolenins 16. Das 2-Alkylidenindolenin 16e konnte monomer gewonnen werden, da seine Dimerisierung durch den Raumbedarf der 7-OCH3-Gruppe verhindert wird. Alle hier beschriebenen Reaktionen verlaufen über Keteniminkomplexe 3, die Isocyanide am zentralen C-Atom der NCC-Einheit addieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 43
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 185-189 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper presents a survey of published and unpublished ab initio calculations of the vibrational structures of the ten lowest electronic singlet states of the hydrogen molecule up to the H(n = 1) + H(n = 2) dissociation limit. The data are based on adiabatic potential functions (clamped-nuclei electronic energies and nuclear-mass-dependent diagonal corrections). Nonadiabatic coupling has been treated ab initio within the five states. of 1Λg+ symmetry (X,EF, GK, HH̄) and 1Σ+g I.1Πg. The accuracies of the theoretical energies are determined by comparisons with experimental data for H2, HD, and D2. The level shifts and predissociation probabilities of the excited 1Σ+g states, generated by nonadiabatic coupling with the discrete and continuous vibrational structure of the ground state, and radiative properties have also been calculated.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 44
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 311-314 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The general problem of relativistic corrections to the kinetic energy in quasirelativistic theories, is discussed and related formulas are developed. It is shown that the well-known mass-velocity operator, Hmv = (-α2/8)p4, is incorrect and does not provide any proper relativistic corrections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 333-343 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A simple convexity relation for the nuclear charges of isoelectronic molecules implies some energy relations and topological constraints on their respective reaction globes. These energy relations take the form of a “rule on nested reaction globes.” These reaction globes and their special cases of conformational globes describe the interrelations within families of chemical reactions and conformational changes, respectively. The nuclear charge relations lead to constraints on the relative positioning of reaction globes. These relative positions provide a concise description of energy relations for families of reactions. Conditions are given for a special case, when one reaction globe is completely enclosed by another. The general conclusions are illustrated by results of ab initio potential surface calculations on the conformational problem of 1,4-disubstituted 2-butenes.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 323-332 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetic-energy anisotropies of fifteen diatomic hydrides AH with A = H, Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl are calculated from self-consistent-field wave functions constructed from extended basis sets of Slater-type orbitals. It is found that there is no consistent ordering of the bond-parallel and bond-perpendicular components of the kinetic energy with respect to separated atom values. An analysis of the orbital contributions reveals that nonbonding π orbitals make large contributions to the total kinetic-energy anisotropy. This makes it difficult, if not impossible, to deduce anything about the nature of the chemical bond from the total anisotropy. However, certain dimensionless orbital kinetic-energy anisotropies are useful for interpretative studies because, in free atoms, these quantities have fixed values that depend only on the symmetry of the orbital.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 351-360 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The minimal energy conformations of o-benzosemiquinone anion radicals in the solvents containing the alkali metals and the alkali earth metals were calculated by using the INDO method and the molecular geometry adjusting method. Our previous calculations of o-benzosemiquinone anion radical in the lithium ion solution showed that the total energy of the minimal energy conformation in the case of the assignment |A3| 〉 |A4| were lower by approximately 320 kcal/mol than that in the case of the assignment |A3| 〉 |A4|. Therefore, the calculations of the minimal energy conformations of o-benzosemiquinone anion radicals in the metal ion solutions were carried out in the cases of the assignment |A3| 〉 |A4|. The conformations in both assignments A3 〈 A4 〈 0 and (A3 〈 0 〈 A4 and |A3| 〉 |A4|) were calculated.Although the metal ions were not explicitly contained in the molecular geometries, the minimal energy conformations are considered to be close to the real minimal energy conformations of o-benzosemiquinone anion radicals in the metal ion solutions. The C—O bond lengths has a good positive rank correlation with the stabilities of o-benzosemiquinone radicals in the divalent metal ion solutions and the bond angles ∠C3C4H4 had a good negative rank correlation with those stabilities.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 48
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 361-371 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The minimal energy conformations of o-benzosemiquinone anion radical were calculated for several cases of assignments by using the INDO method and the molecular geometry adjusting method. In order to know the effect of lithium ion in the solvent, the minimal energy conformations of the system of Li—O—H and o-benzosemiquinone anion radical were calculated. The calculations of the minimal energy conformations of this radical in t-butyl alcohol, alkaline aqueous ethanol, alkaline water, neutral methanol, and acetonitrile were carried out. The total energies of the minimal energy conformations in the assignment |A3| 〉 |A4| were lower than those in the assignment |A3| 〈 |A4|.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 379-391 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The almost lossless transfer of energy and electronic charge along quasi-one-dimensional molecular substances such as peptide chains (H — N — C = O)n found an explanation in a model proposed by Davydov. The Davydov model is based on the dipole - dipole interactions between neighboring peptide groups and on the fact that the internal C=O vibrations are coupled to the elastic deformations of the chain. The Davydov Hamiltonian is written in the position-space representation and, on making a continuum transformation, leads to a nonlinear Schrödinger equation whose solutions are solitons. A Davydov soliton is a coupled pair of an exciton and a lattice deformation. In this paper, the Davydov Hamiltonian is transformed to the reciprocal lattice and its equivalent, second-quantized Hamiltonian is investigated. Some important observations are made about the coupling constants, their dispersion relations, and the equation of motion for the ladder operators. Our procedure is free of semiclassical approximations but, instead, assumes the onset of Bose condensation. The resultant nonlinear Schrödinger equation is similar to that of Davydov, but a more complete set of solutions is found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 50
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 407-424 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The correlation hole of Coulson and Nielson and its extension to momentum space by Banyard and Reed is studied by using an exactly solvable model. For this model all relevant quantities pertaining to the correlation hole have been calculated exactly. We use this model to study the relationship between the fit to the correlation hole for an approximate wave function and the closeness of the approximate energies to the exact ones. We show that, although in general the better the fit the closer are the approximate physical quantities to the exact ones, there are exceptions where that is not the case. Also, we present a convenient method for the calculation of the two particle distribution in momentum space and generalize the concept of the correlation hole by defining it in the pseudophase space of position and momentum.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 51
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 399-406 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A state-specific approach to the calculation of transition moments between molecular electronic states requires that the wavefunction for each state is expanded in its optimum one-electron basis and that nonorthonormal basis techniques are used for the calculation of the transition moment integrals. A method has been developed for carrying out such nonorthonormal basis calculations, based on the corresponding orbitals transformation and appropriately defined density matrices, which may be used with configuration interaction (CI) wavefunctions. Further improvements of the method have resulted in a decrease in the time required for the calculations and thus allow its application with moderately large CI expansions for each state. Nonorthonormal basis calculations on transition moments in H2O have been carried out using the above method. The results are in agreement with those of large MRD-CI calculations.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 425-433 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A hermitian, variational open-shell coupled-cluster method is described and applied to the calculation of H2O and N2 ionization potentials in the T ≈ T2 approximation. A nonvariational calculation is also carried out, with the inclusion of T1 and T3 in addition to T2. Both methods give fair agreement with experiment when only T2 is taken into account. T3, which is included at present in the nonvariational scheme only, has a considerable effect on the results and gives good agreement with experiment.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 53
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 461-468 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We describe how to select optimal values of the time step τ and how to allocate computer time in order to minimize the error bar of the unbiased energy estimate (τ = 0 limit) in diffusion Monte Carlo simulations (DMC). Several polynomial models are considered, appropriate for both linearly biased and quadratically biased algorithms. An efficient nonoptimal design is also reported, which has the advantage of checking the model's adequacy. Further, we compare the efficiency of linearly biased and quadratically biased DMC, and we estimate the efficiency of DMC versus Green's function Monte Carlo.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 54
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 435-460 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The accurate treatment of molecular excited states is based on a matrix solution of the electronic Schrödinger equation in a suitable AO basis which relies heavily on the existence of a good approximate description of a given eigenfunction prior to the solution of a secular equation. The manner in which one or more roots corresponding to excited states can be traced from a rather simple starting point to the final results obtained from a large-scale CI treatment is outlined. In such calculations it is very useful to have a measure of the energy-lowering capability of configurations which differ by at most a double excitation from a series of reference configurations which represent the dominant contributions to one or more electronic states. The efficient computation of the required Hamiltonian matrix elements for this purpose, as well as for the construction of the final secular equations, can be achieved through the use of the table CI method, which does not rely on any special relationship between configurations to complete its work. Employing CI expansions of length no greater than 10000-20000 terms is very advantageous for the calculation of special properties of the resulting wavefunctions, especially those of spin-dependent quantummechanical operators. With the help of perturbative corrections it is possible to obtain energy results with such methods which are accurate to within 0.01 hartree of the full CI limit [R. A. Phillips, R. J. Buenker, P. J. Bruna, and S. D. Peyerimhoff, Chem. Phys. 84, 11 (1984)], whose error is small compared to that inherent in the use of conventional double-zeta-plus-polarization AO basis sets, therefore making further reduction of the CI errors almost inconsequential. Numerous examples for the calculation of the energy and properties of molecular excited states are surveyed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 55
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 469-476 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The first absorption peak in the UV spectrum of polyene is interpreted in terms of charge transfer excitons. The exciton spectrum has been calculated from first principles using the Green's function formalism of charge transfer exciton theory. Electron correlation effects on the polyene band structure have been included with the help of second order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory and of the electron polaron model of Toyozawa. The spectrum of bound singlet excitons starts at EK=0 = 1.86 eV above the top of the valence band. A deeper lying triplet level is observed at 0.72 eV. Further correlation effects on the band gap and dielectric screening of the electron-hole ineraction are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 56
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 477-483 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The definition and properties of the bond order and valence indices calculated from ab initio wave functions are summarized. Their physical interpretation relationships to the exchange effects in bonding and generalization to correlated wave functions are also discussed. Some examples with typical bond order and valence values are shown.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 57
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 485-495 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We explore a generalized weak-field model for the description of the electronic properties of a partly filled shell(S) ion in a crystalline field. Such a model corresponds to the one developed, in parts III and IV of this series, for dN and fN ions in cubical symmetry except that the constraint relations are relaxed. This leads to a fourteen-parameter weak-field model for dN ions in octahedral symmetry and to a 33-parameter weak-field model for fN ions in octahedral symmetry. The latter two models are completely equivalent to the corresponding strong-field models as developed by Griffith and by Tanabe, Sugano, and Kamimura. The constraint relations of parts III and IV are further discussed. In particular, the role they play in fitting procedures is examined. As a conclusion, the weak-field model of III and IV appears as a phenomenological version of the generalized weak-field model introduced in this paper.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 58
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 511-518 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Defined as the formation of two new bonds of equal length at the same time, synchronism has been shown to be not possible for the Diels-Alder reaction when the products are not of strict Cs symmetry. This has been done in two steps. First, the SCF-MO transition-state structures for the cyclization reactions of ethylene with cyclopentadiene and furan have been calculated. The activation energies (and heat of reaction) with the STO-3G, 3-21G, and 4-31G basis sets are as follows: with cyclopentadiene 35.0 (-80.7), 30.0 (-32.0), 38.4 (-19.9) kcal/mol; with furan 33.4 (-66.4), 34.6 (-16.5), 42.1 (-8.8) kcal/mol. Then, using a bond-order-bond-length relationship, a value for the tendency toward asynchronism has been calculated for substituted reactants where the two new bonds are arbitrarily held equal. This tendency has been shown in all cases which break strict Cs symmetry. Further, inspection of the atomic-orbital coefficients showed that the substituents cannot be considered as mere perturbations on the pi system in many cases.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 59
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 497-510 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Frenkel exciton theory is reviewed. This theory yields general formulas relating the absorption and circular dichroism spectra of large molecules or clusters to the optical properties of their subunits. It is shown that for weakly interacting systems, the circular dichroism associated with a band of exciton states is proportional to tr(FH), where F is an “optical matrix” constructed from the positions and transition dipole moments of the subunits, and H is an interaction-energy matrix. It is shown that if a system expnds isotropically, then tr(FH) falls off as the inverse square of the linear dimensions. This result is compared with experimental measurements of the low-temperature optical rotatory dispersion of proteins as a function of temperature. The optical properties of helical polymers are also discussed as a function of their geometrical parameters.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 60
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 717-735 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A very simple model of DNA in biological media, consisting of electric charges related to the phosphate groups and to counterions immersed in structured media of constant permittivity, is introduced and tested with the study of a model for the first stages of the DNA transcription.This process is modeled into two steps involving three ‘states’: (1) the DNA system at the equilibrium, (2) the DNA with a small portion deprived of counterions, and (3) the DNA with a partial opening of the double helix in correspondence of the zone deprived of counterions.An extensive investigation involving as variable parameters the length of the DNA specimen (from 31 to 1511 base pairs), the amount of condensed counterion charge (from complete compensation to zero), and the geometrical parameters identifying the local opening has shown that the proposed transcription mechanism is reasonable, and that the DNA model considered here may fill a gap between accurate models including all the interactions - and employed at present for small fragments - and unstructured models addressed to inspect the behavior at the limit of infinite DNA length.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 61
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 737-753 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Observation of trends in computed spin-orbit splittings for relatively light molecules leads to the conclusion that relativistic corrections to the electronic charge distribution are important when treating molecules containing heavy atoms (Z 〉 18). In order to preserve the nature of the successful computational techniques currently applied to light molecules in so far as possible, particularly to allow for the treatment of correlation effects in an efficient CI procedure on an equal footing with relativistic effects, emphasis is placed on the development of a two-component formalism for this purpose. A first attempt in this direction consists of formulating a spin-free quantum mechanical operator that reflects relativistic kinematics. The mass-velocity term in the Breit-Pauli Hamiltonian is not appropriate for a variational treatment, however, since it drastically alters the spectrum and gives results that are not bounded from below. To avoid this problem the relativistic free particle energy has been used directly for the representation of the kinetic energy, and in addition the Darwin term has been included as a correction to the potential energy. This approach can be justified with reference to the Foldy-Wouthuysen reduction of the Dirac equation, but the class of basis functions used in a variational procedure with this Hamiltonian must be restricted to avoid the formation of a node in the wavefunction at the nucleus; the same problem is circumvented in the Cowan-Griffin method by imposing Dirac boundary conditions on the wavefunction. With this method, accurate spin-orbit splittings have been computed for Br, I, Xe+, CBr, and XeF, but the resulting total energies are found to be overly sensitive to the representation of the inner shells of these systems. Improved results for both valence and inner shells are then shown to follow from the use of the no-pair equation, which provides a variationally tractable two-component method employing a momentum dependent potential that gives a realistic description of relativistic effects for atoms and molecules over a suitably large range of Z.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 62
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 767-777 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The LCAO-X α method is used to compute the X α rotational barrier for ethane both in the rigid-rotor approximation and for optimized staggered and eclipsed geometries. The problem of how to pick points and weights in three dimensions for fitting the nonanalytic exchange and correlation functionals of local density-functional theory is examined; a variational weighting procedure is developed which greatly reduces the size of errors due to the 3-D grid as compared to simple volume-element weighting. The accuracy of the X α results for the optimized geometries and the barrier height of ethane is found to be comparable to that of large-basis Hartree-Fock calculations.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 63
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 755-766 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It has been shown by ab initio configuration-interaction methods that the lowest 2Σ+ states of NS and SiF are ‘semidiffuse’ states, like the B 2Σ+ state of PO. The lowest 2Σ+ state of CCl also appears to be semidiffuse, although here the situation is not so clear. Semidiffuse states require diffuse orbitals in the wavefunction, but they are not Rydberg states. The second 2Σ+ state of each molecule is shown to be the lowest ns Rydberg state, whereas the third 2Σ+ state is a valence state for NS and CCl, and a 4po Rydberg state for SiF. The lowest 2δ state of each molecule derives from the 7σ → 3π valence configuration. Comparison with available experimental information shows, in general, good agreement.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 64
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 779-792 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is outlined for the calculation of the multiplet ligand-field states of transition metal complexes. The procedure involves the use of MS-Xα wave functions, in connection with irreducible tensor operators, and allows the calculation of the elements of the many-electron CI matrices. Comparison of the calculated and experimental multiplet state energies of CrF3-6, CrCl3-6, and MnF4-6 allows one to conclude that the method is useful for the prediction of ligand-field spectra of transition-metal complexes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 65
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 793-797 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report local-density functional results for the electronic structure of neutral soliton defects in polyacetylene. The results were obtained using a modified version of the discrete variational method Xα molecular cluster model. For defect-free chains the calculated X-ray and ultraviolet photoelectron spectra are in good agreement with experiment. For chains with low concentrations of solitons, we find the forbidden gap broadens slightly, and two nearly dispersionless bands, split by several tenths of eV, are introduced into the gap. The predicted splitting is in accord with recent experimental results for this defect.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 66
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 817-827 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Results of quantum mechanical calculations are presented that suggest a number of mechanisms whereby protons may be shifted from one group to another along an H bond. The first factor to be considered is a stretching of the bond that drastically raises the energy barrier to transfer. It is possible to predict barriers for an arbitrary system based only on results for a simple system and knowledge of the relevant bond length in the isolated subsystems. Factors that increase the intrinsic basicity of the B group in A-H-B lead not only to a lowering of the energy of the A-HB state relative to AH-B but also to a reduction in the barrier to transfer of the proton from A to B. Ions in the vicinity of the H bond exert a powerful influence and can shift the proton to the less basic group across a gradient of several pK units. Rather than shielding the proton from the external ion, the H bond acts instead to amplify the effects of the electric field. Reorientation of the A and B groups relative to one another, i.e., bends of the H bond, also produce surprisingly large changes in the relative energies of the AH-B and A-HB states. Such bends are capable of pushing the proton across to the normally less basic group, providing a mechanism of coupling conformational changes to proton ‘pumping’ activity. It is found that the high and low pH states of a given H bond can have dramatically differnt relative populations of the AH-B and A-HB configurations. These observations are explained in terms of fundamental concepts involving electrostatic interaction energies.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 67
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 799-815 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The vibrational spectrum of uracil trapped in an argon matrix has been interpreted based on ab initio Hartree-Fock SCF calculations with a split-valence 4-21 basis set. The directly computed theoretical general valence force field was scaled with empirical scale factors in order to correct for the systematic errors originating in the limitation of the theoretical model. Scale factors transferred from related molecules provided a priori prediction of fundamental frequencies and intensities, permitting several corrections to be proposed for earlier assignments. Using the observed spectrum with the few altered assignments, a new set of scale factors was optimized to give the best force field available from combined consideration of the experimental and the theoretical data. For unknown reasons, the out-of-plane force field predicted a spectrum agreeing slightly less well with experiment than did the in-plane force field. However, the overall agreement between theory and experiment provided additional support for the assumptions involved in the method. The computed force fields were compared with others available from previous work. The comparison demonstrated the importance of expanding the energy surface around the true energy minimum and of using a proper scaling procedure. Previous scaled CNDO/2 calculations were found to be surprisingly good despite the large corrections required and the fact that they were made at an incorrect geometry.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 68
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 843-854 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The total-energy pseudopotential method is described, and some applications are presented with emphasis on the predictive nature of the approach. For several applications, silicon is used as a prototype material, and the successful predictions related to structure and superconductivity at high pressure are discussed.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 69
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 875-881 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The experimental transition energy to the valence Ag state of butadiene is used to validate a subset of the theoretical calculations that have been carried out on this molecule. The validated calculated Ag transition energies of these calculations are then compared with the experimental Bu transition energies to determine the relative state ordering in isolated, unsubstituted butadiene, hexatriene, and octatetraene. The Ag origins are concluded to lie below the Bu origins for all polyenes except butadiene. Experimental confirmation of this conclusion is presented. The extreme breadth of the Ag transition, 1.0 eV, is noted. Some possible implications of this breadth are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 70
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 883-896 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An important metabolic pathway for halogenated methanes is the detoxification reaction with glutathione in the cell cytosol fraction. Experimental studies have shown that the rate of this SN2 displacement reaction is directly related to the leaving group ability of the dissociating halide; the rate increases in order of the ions F-, Cl-, Br-, and I- leaving. In this study, we examine the role of the other halomethane substituents on the rate of this reaction for compounds with a common leaving anion. To this end, reaction Cl- + CY3Cl → ClCY3 + Cl- (Y = H,F,Cl) is examined using ab initio methods. The barrier for this exchange process may arise from requiring an inversion of the CY3 group in the transition structure, the energy required to homolytically cleave the C—Cl bond, or from unfavorable steric and electronic interactions in the five-coordinated transition structure. Of these three factors, only the third explains the calculated ordering of barrier heights. This suggests that successive halogenation of methane not only increases its activity as a substrate for anaerobic reduction, as was shown earlier, but also decreases its ability to take part in the detoxification reaction with glutathione.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 71
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 897-908 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 1/N expansion is used to generate semiclassical effective potentials for two-electron ions. These potentials can be considered an improvement over the conventional ones computed by Lin and Fano for the full two-electron coulomb potential insofar as they incorporate some of the quantum mechanical effects. No falling into the nucleus is allowed. Furthermore, the minima of these effective potentials are in surprising agreement with those computed by Fano, Macek, and Lin. This would indicate that the collective variable R, associated with N = 6, leads to a much smaller expansion parameter N, making the adiabatic separation more justified. The role and significance of these broken symmetry solutions with geometric localization are discussed as well as generalizations. The procedure is semiclassical in the sense that the kinetic energy becomes negligible by having a large effective mass.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 72
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 909-914 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular difference densities (DD) are conventionally constructed using spherically averaged atomic densities at the appropriate positions. For atoms in degenerate ground states, this is an unphysical choice, and artifacts dominate the DD. We suggest the extraction of both the position and the orientation of an atom with an open valence shell from x-ray scattering or molecular density data. Subtracting the oriented atoms yields a uniquely defined, as well as chemically meaningful, DD. Covalent bonds to electronegative atoms such as O are no longer exceptional but show bond charges of normal magnitude. Lone pairs are characterized by a dipolar density shift from the bond to the back side of the atomic core.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 73
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 915-935 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Theoretical core effective potential methods are widely used in valence-only electron molecular calculations. These methods, which imply the frozen-core approximation, work well for the elements of the righthand side of the periodic table but are often unrealistic for metallic elements with highly polarizable cores. For these atoms one has to consider the polarization of the cores under the influence of the electric field created by the valence electrons. Moreover, relativistic corrections must be added for heavy atoms.Various theoretical approaches of core-valence interactions (polarization and core-valence correlations) will be reviewed, with a special emphasis on practical methods of calculation. The problem of handling the relativistic effects will mainly be discussed within the two-component Pauli formalism. It will be shown that the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation is not the unique way for deriving relativistic corrections and that the second-order Dirac equation also provides a good starting point for obtaining relativistic corrections. Analytical exact results are given for the hydrogen atom. The accuracy of this approach is tested on many-electron atoms and molecules.It is finally shown that the problem of the core-valence separation is relevant to the general methodology of effective Hamiltonians that seems to provide the best promising way for filling the gap between the semiempirical and purely theoretical ab initio methods.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 74
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 937-948 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The concept of an atom in a molecule in the context of density functional theory is used to analyze different levels of approximation to the description of interatomic interactions. Such an approach strongly suggests the use of Kohn-Sham atomic densities as an alternative to Hartree-Fock atomic densities in the electron gas model of Gordon and Kim. The results for rare gases and ionic crystals show that both densities lead to similar results.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 75
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 949-958 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have first studied empirical regularities in various series of heteronuclear diatomic molecules between the energy E, the total number of electrons N, the equilibrium distance Re and Z̄ = (Z1Z2)1/2 where Z1e and Z2e are the nuclear charges in the diatom. In particular, for various alkali halide series, Re2|E|/N5/3 is shown to correlate rather simply with Z̄Re3. Some theoretical basis is afforded by generalizing the 1/Z expansion used early by the writers in work on homonuclear diatomics. Finally, when Z2/Z1 → ∞, a model is presented which predicts a finite asymptotic bond length and this prediction is confronted with available experimental data for both heteronuclear diatoms and for the polyatomic series CH4 to SnH4.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 76
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 959-973 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The bond critical points of the binary hydrides formed by the elements of the first two rows of the periodic table have been calculated. Particular attention has been paid to the basis-set dependence of the bond critical points at the experimental equilibrium geometries, or where necessary at model geometries. With the exception of H2S, stepwise extension of the basis set leads to a smooth convergence of the bond critical points to a set of values which appear to converge to the Hartree-Fock limit. For H2S it is shownb that the position of the bodn critical point is not only more sensitive to the presence of polarization functions in the basis set, but depends strongly on the orbital exponents of the polarization functions. Extensive optimizations of the exponents of the polarization functions have been carried out with the (12s9p/5s) basis set for second-row hydrides. The effects of contracting the Huzinaga basis sets have been examined.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 77
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 975-991 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular orbitals for Si2 and Ge2 have been optimized in hyper-HF calculations and utilized in valenxe CI treatments to describe the low-lying states of the molecules. The calculational results reveal pronounced similarities between the electronic structures of Si2 and Ge2. Thus, for both molecules the two lowest-lying electronic states, 3Σ-g(σ2gΠu3) and 3πu(∑g1πu3), have crossing potential energy curves, and the two lowestlying states of 1∑g+ symmetry exhibit crossing of configurations. The Sequence of the low-lying electronic states can be rationalized on basis of a simple molecular-orbital picture in which the σg and the πu valence orbitals are almost degenerate. The spectroscopic constants derived from the present work compare favorably with the results of more elaborate calculations. It appears that transition energies derived in valence CI calculations between states of identical configurations are improved in large CI calculations, whereas this is not the case for transition energies between states of different configurations. The valence CI calculations based on the molecular orbitals optimized in hyper-HF calculations appear to effer reliable descriptions of the chemical bonds as well as of the electronic structures of the molecules Si2 and Ge2.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 78
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1025-1032 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: LCGTO-VWN-MP calculations have been performed for PdH, Pd3H, and for a series of Pd10H clusters representing hydrogen chemisorbed on a (111) surface and at various sites along a diffusion path through the cluster. The calculated chemisorption geometry (over a threefold site) has a Pd—H distance of 1.72 Å, slightly longer than that proposed by Eberhardt et al. (1.69 Å) on the basis of comparison of photoemission data with slab calculations. Agreement with known energy differences is very good: We find the chemisorption site 0.25 eV (exp. 0.26) more stable than the most stable (octahedral) bulk site. The top of the diffusion barrier, a triangular site, is calculated 0.34 eV (exp. 0.23) above the octahedral site. All the sites have a split-off state of Pd d, H s character below the d bands, indicating that the ‘invisible’ state of H/Pd(111) recently (not) observed in UPS cannot straightforwardly be attributed to hydrogen incorporation at sites such as these.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 79
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986) 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 80
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1043-1045 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two paradoxes are shown to exist: one in conection with spin and one in connection with computation on large (biological) molecules. Some possible mathematical and physical methods are listed and discussed that may help in the reduction of the problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 81
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1033-1042 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction of low-energy electrons with H+2 and ligh with H2 is analyzed using the R-matrix method including both coupled state and polarization effects ab initio. Particular attention is paid to the energy region containing low-lying H*2 resonances which converge to H+2 A 2Σ+u. Resonances in both elastic scattering and the photoionization asymmetry parameter, β, are presented. At low photon eneries, satisfactory results for vibrationally resolved photoionization are obtained using the adiabatic nuclei approximation. The use of nonadiabatic techniques for higher energies is discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 82
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1047-1058 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The recently developed Gaussian basis functions [2] were used in calculations on the ground electronic states of molecules containing transition-metal atoms: ScF3, TiCl4, ZrCl4, Cr(CO)6, Ni(CO)4, CuF, CuCl, Zn(CH3)2, and Cd(CH3)2. The usefulness of minimal basis sets, the importance of splitting of the valence part of the minimal basis sets, the role of the triple splitting of the d-block functions, and the need for p-, d-, and f-type polarization functions were discussed in the context of the geometrical structure and the firstorder electronic properties of the transition-metal atom compounds.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 83
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1059-1066 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Results are presented of a Hartree-Fock cluster study of interstitial Ti, V, Cr, and Mn impurities in silicon. A Si10 cluster models the nearest Si atoms around a tetrahedral interstitial site in crystalline Si. The dangling bonds of the Si atoms are saturated by hydrogens. The effect of the Si core electrons is represented by an effective potential. Characteristic for the electronic structure of the low-lying states of the neutral, singly positive, and doubly positive ions in silicon is the presence of fairly delocalized but still predominantly transition-metal (3d)-like orbitals of t2 and e symmetry. For all ions the energy of the weighted average of the terms belonging to a configuration is lowest for the configuration with maximum occupation of the t2 orbitals. Ground states with maximum spin multiplicity are found for all ions, except Ti0.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 84
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1067-1076 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Use of the London-Eyring-Polanyi + 3-Center + power-series (LEP-3C-PS) analytical potential as a fit to potential energy surfaces (PES) which are known numerically only are suggested. This analytical fit was performed for the diatomics-in-molecules + 3 Center (DIM-3C) PES of HCl2 and HI2 systems. The HCl2 analytical LEP-3C-PS potential was used for classical trajectory calculations of the Cl' + HCl → HCl' + Cl reaction. The rate constant obtained from these calculations for T = 358° K is 1.95 X 109 cm3/mol sec which is close to the experimental value of 2.5 109 cm3/mol sec.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 85
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1077-1089 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Results of self-consistent field, local spin density, scattered wave calculations are reported for nickel clusters of 10, 13, and 14 atoms and these clusters interacting with one or two chemisorbed hydrogen atoms. The pure nickel clusters all have a reasonable average atomic magnetic moment (the average over all the clusters is 0.66µB) and the addition of hydrogen reduces this moment in each case. The reduction of magnetic moment is clearly larger on the nickel atoms that are nearest to hydrogen but there is also a noticeable change in the moments of the other atoms of the clusters. Three factors, of varying importance for the different clusters, contribute to the changes in the overall and local magnetic moments: (i) The extra electron brought in with the hydrogen goes into a down-spin Ni d level, reducing the moment. (ii) The reelectron duced moment is accompained by a reduced exchange splitting and consequently some up-spin d electrons, not directly involved in the bonding to hydrogen, are transferred to lower lying down-spin d orbitals. (iii) For atoms close to the adsorbate, d character in the local density of states is pushed above the Fermi level through antibonding interactions with the hydrogen, further reducing the moments of these atoms.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 86
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1105-1116 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Potential energy surfaces (PES) for Na(2S, 2P) interacting with a tungsten surface partially covered with sodium ions are computed within the framework of the diatomics-in-molecules (DIM) method. A small number (1 to 10) of adsorbed sodium atoms are considered explicitly, the effect of the rest being taken into account through the fragment matrix elements in the DIM formulation. A physical model proposed previously to account for the experimental observation of Na+ and Na+2 ions is supported by these calculations and, in addition, a new pathway to Na+2 products is identified. The effect of including extra adsorbed atoms is discussed in terms of the molecular wave functions and a sensitivity analysis.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 87
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1091-1104 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: LCGTO-LSD model potential calculations have been performed for CO interacting with two-, four-, and eight-atom clusters of Pd, chosen to model the bridge site of the (100) surface. The geometry and vibrational frequencies are not very sensitive to the cluster size. For Pd8 + CO we obtain dC - O = 1.18 Å (1.13 ± 0.1 exp.), dPd - C = 1.87 Å (1.93 ± 0.07 exp.), and (uncoupled) estimates for ωC - O = 1828 cm-1 (1895 exp.) and ωPd - CO = 454 cm-1 (339 exp.) Binding energies of 4.8, 3.8, and 2.6 eV are calculated, respectively, for Pd2 + CO, Pd4 + CO, and Pd8 + CO which may be compared with the experimental initial heat of adsorption of 1.6 eV. Ionization potentials for CO-derived levels are in excellent agreement with experiment (relative to ∊F: 4σ (-11.0 eV, -11.2 exp.); 5σ (-8.0, -8.2 exp.); 1π [-7.5 (b1), -7.3 (b2), -7.5 exp.]). The main negative ion states of 2π* character are calculated at 2.8 eV (b1) and 2.7 eV (b2) above EF. Other states with appreciable 2π* character are found near 5 eV. These may be compared with inverse photoemission results which show a broad peak centered at 4.8 eV. Interactions of the 4σ, 5σ, 1π, and 2π* orbitals of CO with the metal are discussed. The 4σ and 5σ levels are highly mixed, each receiving appreciable contributions from the 4σ and 5σ orbitals of isolated CO. This is discussed in relation to the dispersion of the 4σ and 5σ levels observed in UPS and to the photon-energy dependent intensities of the 4σ and 5σ resonances. The 2π* component of the backbonding comes through several levels in the upper part of the d band which contain small 2π* contributions in bonding combination with Pd d orbitals. The main 2π* orbitals (contaminated by small antibonding contributions from the metal) are empty (see above).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 88
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1127-1137 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The IR frequencies of cyclopropene and methylenecyclopropene were computed with inclusion of correlation (MP2/6-31G*). These along with those of ethylene obtained earlier by Pople were compared with SCF results (DZ + P). It was found that the MP2 frequencies agreed better with experiment, but that the order of the bands remained the same as those computed without correlation.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 89
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1117-1126 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electron transmission spectroscopy (ETS) and bound-state and continuum multiple-scattering Xα (MS-Xα) calculations are employed to characterize the unoccupied a′2, a′1 and e′ orbitals of BF3 and BCl3. The a′2 orbital of BF3, which produces a peak about 7 eV below threshold in the x-ray absorption spectrum (XAS), generates a scattering resonance at 3.5 eV in ETS. Similarly, the e′ orbital that lies about 2 eV above threshold in XAS occurs about 13-16 eV above threshold in ETS. Dissociation of F- from BF3 due to electron attachment is attributed to a core-excited shape resonance involving an e″ → a″2 excitation and electron capture into the a′2 orbital. In BCl3 all the unoccupied orbitals lie at lower energy than in BF3 and are closely spaced, making definitive spectral assignments difficult. Both Hartree-Fock (HF) and MS-Xα methods apparently underestimate the stability of the unoccupied e′ orbital of BCl3. Vibronic coupling due to out-of-plane bending may significantly affect the spectral intensities. Feshbach resonances are observed for BCl3 at energies close to those observed in the vacum-UV absorption spectrum. The lower energies of the unoccupied orbitals of BCl3 are consistent with their stronger bonding to nucleophiles.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 90
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1139-1146 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 91
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1147-1154 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The peculiar properties of the three-membered ring in cyclopropane are partially due to characteristic relaxation effects of the carbon orbitals in the molecule. AO contraction in the two strongly C—C bonding MO's of A'1 type is essential for the stability of the C3 ring, whereas AO expansion in the E'-type HOMO contributes to the π character of the peripheral C—C bonds.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 92
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1155-1164 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In a previous paper we have shown that the long-range potential generated by the two-center distributions can be written as a sum of two multipolar expansions centered at the terminal atoms and defined so that the two series of multipoles be minimal. In this paper we show that both charge distributions and short-range potentials can also be separated in atomic contributions in a way consistent with the above mentioned partition of the long-range potentials.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 93
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1177-1180 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The preferred conformations of the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) have been calculated by the global optimization method proposed earlier by us. [G. Subba Rao, R. S. Tyagi, and R. K. Mishra, J. Theor. Biol. 90, 377 (1981)]. The potential function used comprises the electrostatic, nonbonded, torsional and hydrogen-bonding terms. The results are in good agreement with the crystal structures of TRH. No intramolecular hydrogen bonding is found to occur.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 94
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1209-1222 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tests of the local-space approximation for electronic structure are carried out on a variety of hydrogenbonded systems. Regardless of size they are all found to be well localized in the sense of this approximation. For a local space defined by the valence atomic orbitals on X—H ··· Y, one obtains a bond energy within 6% of the “exact” full-space value. The potential energy surface and the electronic charge distribution are also accurately determined. In contrast with cluster models the local-space approximation satisfactorily accounts for long-range electrostatic and polarization effects.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 95
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1339-1349 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The elastic, inelastic, and total intensities for x-ray and high-energy electron scattering from the 10-electron systems Ne, HF, H2O, NH3, and CH4 have been calculated by using SCF-MO wave functions obtained with double-zeta quality bases of Gaussian contractd wave functions. The effect of molecular binding and various other trends and systematics in the intensities have been examined with the help of difference functions computed between the present scattering intensities and those for the indpendent atom model (IAM).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 96
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1351-1364 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We have used the MINDO/SR molecular orbital method in order to model the migration of hydrogen atoms over a Ni(100) surface. The present calculations indicate the existence of two different states for adsorbed hydrogen, a result which is in agreement with experimental thermal desorption data and LEED. A detailed analysis of the electronic factors involved in this process is presented.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 97
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1365-1372 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel approach to the impurity dipole relaxation in polar solids is described in which the dipole reorientational sites are formed by an appropriate electron - phonon coupling interaction. The electronic states used for a two-site formulation are defined as ones pertaining to the impurity and/or the associated intrinsic point defect. The theory takes into account the adiabaticity of the electron transfer in addition to the barrier-controlled ionic tunneling. It compares favorably with available experimental relaxation-time data on alkali halides.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 98
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1373-1382 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several Fe(H2O)n2+ clusters, with n up to 20, have been studied, both by energy minimization in the pairwise approximation and by Monte Carlo simulation. In the last case the calculations have been carried out at three different temperatures in order to investigate the effect of thermal agitation. The most interesting result which can be deduced from this work is the existence of eight water molecules in the first hydration shell of the iron (II) ion. A microscopic analysis has shown that the minimum energy structure of the Fe(H2O)82+ cluster presents a D4d symmetry. This structure is slightly distorted as far as the temperature is increased. The validity of these theoretical predictions is discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 99
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1383-1396 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The present work reviews a systematic spectroscopic investigation of water in the single crystal K4Fe(CN)6 · 3H2O (KFCT) and its isotopic solid solutions. On the basis of precise polarization measurements of Raman spectra and infrared studies, the positions of the OH(OD) oscillators in the ordered crystal state (T 〈 150 K) are determined. Overtones and combinations of water vibrations in the near infrared region are studied that allow for the evalution of the coupling and anharmonicity constants of the modes. The isotopic dilution technique is used in order to investigate the influence of intra- and intermolecular interactions on the OH(OD) vibrations. Information about the distortion of the water molecules, as well as many correlations between spectral parameters of OH(OD) stretchings and structural characteristics of H bonds in KFCT, are derived. As a result, a complete picture of the vibrational dynamics and the structure of the crystallization water in KFCT is obtained.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 100
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 29 (1986), S. 1397-1428 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The experimental technique of electron momentum spectroscopy (EMS) (i.e., binary (e, 2e) spectroscopy) is discussed together with typical examples of its applications over the past decade in the area of experimental quantum chemistry. Results interpreted within the framework of the plane wave impulse and the target Hartree - Fock approximations provide direct measurements of, spherically averaged, orbital electron momentum distributions. Results for a variety of atoms and small molecules are compared with calculations using a range of Fourier transformed SCF position space wavefunctions of varying sophistication. Measured momentum distributions (MD) provide a “direct” view of orbitals. In addition to offering a sensitive experimental diagnostic for semiempirical molecular wavefunctions, the MD's provide a chemically significant, additional experimental constraint to the usual variational optimization of wavefunctions. The measured MD's clearly reflect well known characteristics of various chemical and physical properties. It appears that EMS and momentum space chemistry offer the promise of supplementary perspectives and new vistas in quantum chemistry, as suggested by Coulson more than 40 years ago. Binding energy spectra in the inner valence region reveal, in many cases, a major breakdown of the simple MO model for ionization in accord with the predictions of many-body calculations.Results are considered for atomic targets, including H and the noble gases. The measured momentum distribution for H2 is also compared with results from Compton scattering. Results for H2 and H are combined to provide a direct experimental assessment of the bond density in H2, which is compared with calculations. The behavior of the outer valence MD''s for small row two and row three hydride molecules such as H2O and H2S, NH3, HF, and HCl are consistent with well known differences in chemical and physical behavior such as ligand-donor activity and hydrogen bonding. MD measurements for the outermost valence orbitals of HF, H2O and NH3 show significant differences from those calculated using even very high-quality wavefunctions. Measurements of MD's for outer σg orbitals of small polyatomic molecules such as CO2, COS, CS2, and CF4 show clear evidence of mixed s and p character. It is apparent that EMS is a sensitive probe of details of electronic structure and electron motion in atoms and molecules.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...