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  • 1970-1974  (27,167)
  • 1840-1849  (4,620)
  • Chemistry  (31,787)
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  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kunststoffe in der Verpackung (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 221-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050410
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metallkleben und glasfaserverstärkte Plaste in der Technik. Von H. Schwarz und H. Schlegel. 7. bearb. Auflage, VEB Verlag Technik, Berlin 1974; 268 Seiten, 217 Bilder, 39 Tafeln, Preis: Plasteinband DM 14,- (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 231-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050414
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die neuen Einheiten im Meßwesen. Praktische Darstellung mit Gleichungen, Diagrammen und Rechenbeispielen aus Technik und Naturwissenschaft (GT 10). Von F. W. Winter. 1. Auflage, W. Girardet, Essen, 1973; 157 Seiten, zahlr. Bilder, zahlr. Tabellen, kl-8°, kart. DM 20,- (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 231-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050413
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Handbuch-Verzahntechnik. Von F. Opitz. 1. Auflage, VEB-Verlag Technik, X102 Berlin 1973. 416 Seiten, 331 Bilder, 82 Tafeln, 1 Beilage. Kunstleder, Preis DM 39,- (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 232-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050418
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  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Betrachtungen über das Betriebsverhalten des Stahles X 12 NiCrSi 32 20 bei hohen Temperaturen und langen ZeitenHerrn Prof. Dr.-Ing. E. h. Helmut Wagner zum 65. Geburtstag gewidmet (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 253-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Analysis of the Behavior of the Steel X12 NiCrSi 32 20 at High Temperatures and over Long Periods. The demands made on the performance of materials for chemical plant are constantly growing. Besides the switch to large units we may note only an increase in pressures and temperatures, but for technical and economic reasons also a trend toward optimum utilization of material properties. The service life of structural parts which are subjected to the greatest pressure and temperature stresses must be calculated by means of longtime rupture strength parameters. Since the computational data may fluctuate within certain limits and irregularities in operation can occur, it is difficult to predict the remaining life of operating plant.A synthesis gas plant in which important pressure-stressed components are made of the austenitic material X 12 NiCrSi 32 20 is here taken as an example. An attempt is made to predict the remaining life with the aid of longtime rupture strength parameters which have been determined in our own extended time trials. A comparision of experimental results with elongation values obtained from measurement of the component parts permits a good prediction of the remaining service life. Structural examinations of samples removed from the installation complete the data.
    Notes: Die Ansprüche an die Leistungsfähigkeit der Werkstoffe für Chemie Anlagen wachen ständig. So ist neben dem Übergang zu großen Einheiten nicht nur ein Ansteigen der Drücke und Temperaturen zu verzeichnen, sondern aus technischen und wirtschaftlichen Gründen auch eine optimale Ausnutzung der Werkstoffeigenschaften. Bei den durch Druck und Temperatur höchstbeanspruchten Bauteilen muß die Lebensdauer anhand von Zeitstandfestigkeitskennwerten berechnet werden. Da die Berechnungsdaten, wie Druck und Temperatur, innerhalb gewisser Grenzen schwanken und Unregelmäßigkeiten im Betrieb auftreten können, ist eine Voraussage der Restlebensdauer von laufenden Anlagen schwierig.Am Beispiel einer Synthesegasanlage, bei der wichtige druckbeanspruchte Bauteile aus dem austenitischen Werkstoff X 12 NiCrSi 32 20 sind, wird versucht, mit Hilfe von Zeitstandfestigkeitskennwerten, die im eigenen Langzeitversuch ermittelt sind, eine Aussage über die Restlebensdauer zu machen. Der Vergleich der Versuchsergebnisse mit den an Bauteilen gemessenen Dehnwerten ermöglicht eine gute Voraussage der noch zu erwartenden Lebensdauer. Gefügeuntersuchungen an herausgetrennten Probestücken vervollständigen die Aussagen.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050505
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  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kurze Informationen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 277-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050509
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ausmauerungen in chemisch beanspruchten Behältern und ApparatenVortrag aus der Lehrgangsreihe „Korrosion und Korrosionsschutz“ der Technischen Akademie Esslingen. (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 297-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Brick-lining of Vessels and Process Units for Chemical Service. Bricklinings are used as an internal protection in chemically attacked vessels and process units. They generally consist of an impermeable membrane and the masonry itself. Materials of the single parts of the lining are described and guidelines for chosing materials and designing the lining are given. After some details of installing the lining typical examples of bricklined vessels and process units are given.
    Notes: Ausmauerungen werden als Korrosionsschutz für chemisch beanspruchte Behälter und Apparate verwendet. Diese Ausmauerungen bestehen aus der Schutzschicht und dem eigentlichen Mauerwerk. Die Werkstoffe für diese Ausmauerungselemente werden beschrieben und die Gesichtspunkte für die Werkstoffauswahl erläutert. Auf Hinweise zur Ausmauerungstechnik und die Nachbehandlung von Ausmauerungen folgen Beispiele für Behälter und Apparate mit chemisch beständigen Ausmauerungen.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050604
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gültigkeits- und Anwendungsbereich der Rißbruchmechanik (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 317-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Fracture Mechanics Range of Validity and Application. The range of validity and application of the linear-elastic and elasto-plastic fracture mechanics is determined according to practicable quantitative criteria. The former is applicable to the low stress brittle fracture in brittle materials, the latter is applicable to the higher stress brittle and tear fracture in tougher materials. The real continuum mechanics fracture criterium is not yet determined. The linear-elastic fracture mechanics is widely applicable to fatigue fractures. Taking into account the interaction and sequence effect of low and high load amplitudes is necessary. The fracture mechanics approach to brittle and fatigue fracture is compared with traditional testing techniques.
    Notes: Der Gültigkeits- und Anwendungsbereich der linear-elastischen und der elastisch-plastischen Rißbruchmechanik wird nach praktikablen quantitativen Kriterien abgegrenzt. Erstere ist beim Niederspannungssprödbruch in relativ sprödem Werkstoff anwendbar, letztere beim Spröd- und Verformungsbruch in Zäherem Werkstoff bei höherer Spannung. Die eigentliche kontinuumsmechanische Bruchbedingung ist dabei noch nicht erfaßt. Die linear-elastische Rißbruchmechanik ist bei Ermüdungsbrüchen weitgehend anwendbar, wobei das Zusammenwirken niedriger und hoher Lastwechsel zu berücksichtigen ist. Die rißbruchmechanische Spröd- und Ermüdungsbruchprüfung wird den herkömmlichen Verfahren gegenübergestellt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050607
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  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meehanite-Handbuch; 1. Auflage, Arbeitsgemeinschaft der deutschen Meehanite-Gießereien, Stuttgart 1974, 86 Seiten, DIN A5, Preis DM 15, -  (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 340-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050613
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  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Gefüge des Eisen-Kohlenstoff-Systems. Von H. Klemm. 5. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1974; 57 Seiten, 87 Bilder. Kart. Preis M 3,80 (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 340-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050615
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  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verformungen und Spannungen im Bereich der plastischen Zone nahe der Rißspitze angerissener Proben aus Ck 45 (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 341-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Strains and Stresses in the Area of the Plastic Zone Near the Crack Tip of Precracked Steel Specimens. Models for shape and dimension of the plastic zone near the crack tip of precracked specimens are described and discussed. Using idealized assumptions an area of influence of the plastic zone is postulated in accordance with the shape of the plastic zone observed. In this area an estimation of the stress distribution has been made. X-ray stress measurements have been done in and near the plastic zone.
    Notes: Modellvorstellungen über Form und Größe der plastischen Zone nahe der Rißspitze angerissener Proben werden beschrieben und anhand experimenteller Beobachtungen diskutiert. Basierend auf der experimentell ermittelten Form der plastischen Zone, wird unter idealisierender Annahme ein Einflußbereich der plastischen Zone postuliert und der Spannungsverlauf innerhalb dieses Bereichs angegeben. Die Ergebnisse röntgenographischer Spannungsmessungen im Bereich der plastischen Zone werden angegeben und diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050702
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  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Zersetzung von Polyvinylchlorid in elektrischen Glimmentladungen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 374-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Degradation of Polyvinyl Chloride in Corona-discharges In oder to interpret the process of electrical breakdown in polyvinyl chloride cable insulations the chemical degradation of plasticized polyvinyl chloride sheets were studied under model conditions in corona discharges.The alterations of chemical structure within the sheets as well as in the gaseous phase were determined qualitatively and quantitatively.The alterations of chemical structure within the sheets as well as in the gaseous phase were determined qualitatively and quantitatively.From the composition of degradation products and their variation with time of corona discharge the mechanisms of polyvinylchloride and plasticizer degradation could be deduced.
    Notes: Zur Deutung der Vorgänge beim elektrischen Durchschlag in Polyvinylchlorid (PVC)-Kabelisolierungen wurde die chemische Zersetzung von Weich-PVC-Folien unter Modellbedingungen im elektrischen Glimmfeld untersucht. Die dabei auftretenden chemischen Veränderungen in der Folie sowie im Gasraum wurden qualitativ und quantitativ erfaßt. Aus der Zusammensetzung der Zersetzungsprodukte sowie ihrem Verlauf über der Beglimmzeit konnte auf die Abbaureaktionen des PVC und des Weichmachers bei Glimmbeanspruchung geschlossen werden.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050706
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  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Firmenschriften (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 395-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050711
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  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050801
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  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Kriechverhalten von stickstofflegierten, austenitischen Stählen mit erhöhter Festigkeit bei Raumtemperatur (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 397-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Creep Behaviour at Room Temperature of Higher Strength Austenitic Steels containing Nitrogen. The mechanical properties of special austenitic steels with increased Cr and Ni contents and N2 content up to 0,35 % have been investigated. In the as-received condition i.e. annealed and water quenched, the 0,2 % offset yield strength of these steels ranges from 400 to 500 N/mm2. However, regardless of these increased yield strengths, the stress-strain characteristics are the same as for conventional austenitic steels. Since first plastic deformations correspond to an applied stress equal to 50 % of the 0,2 % yield strength, in practical applications the creep behaviour of these steels may be significant.Therefore, the creep behaviour at room temperature of the base metals and weldments has been investigated to determine the influence of thermal and mechanical treatments after annealing. The elastic limit of airquenched steels is significantly higher than of water-quenched, even though the 0,2 % yield strengths are essentially the same. This different stress-strain dependence influences the creep behaviour of the steel.The cold working of these steels by plastic straining in both tension and compression results in a useful strain hardening effect only when the direction of applied stress is the same as the stress during cold working. When the direction of stressing was reversed, a considerable Bauschinger-effect was observed.
    Notes: Untersucht wurden austenitische Sonderstähle mit erhöhten Chrom-Nickel-Gehalten und Stickstoffzusätzen bis zu 0,35 %. Die Stähle weisen im lösungsgeglühten und wasserabgeschreckten Anlieferungszustand 0,2-Grenzen von 400 bis 500 N/mm2 auf. Die von konventionellen austenitischen Stählen bekannte Spannungs-Dehnungs-Charakteristik wird durch die Festigkeitssteigerung jedoch nicht geändert, d. h. ber relativ niedrigen Spannungen von etwa 50 % der 0,2-Grenze setzt erstes plastisches Fließen ein. Daher ist beim Einsatz dieser Stähle bei Spannungen oberhalb 50 % der 0,2-Grenze mit Kriechdehnungen zu rechnen.Das Kriechverhalten dieser Stähle und ihrer Schweißverbindungen wurde bei Raumtemperatur untersucht, wobei auch der Einfluß der Abkühlart nach dem Lösungsglühen sowie der Einfluß einer Kaltverformung berücksichtigt wurde. Luftabgekühlte Stähle zeigen im Vergleich zu den wasserabgeschreckten im Zugversuch eine höhere Elastizitätsgrenze bei praktisch gleicher 0,2-Grenze. Diese veränderte Spannungs-Dehnungs-Charakteristik wirkte sich auch auf das Kriechverhalten aus.Der Einfluß einer Kaltverformung durch Recken wurde unter Zug- und Druckbelastung geprüft. Dabei zeigte sich, daß eine Verfestigung nur bei einer dem Kaltrecken gleichgerichteten Belastung nutzbar ist; bei gegensinniger Beanspruchung tritt ein ausgeprägter Bauschinger-Effekt auf.
    Additional Material: 26 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050802
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  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Titan und Titanlegierungen. Von U. Zwicker, Erlangen-Nürnberg, unter Mitarbeit zahlreicher Fachleute. Reine und angewandte Metallkunde in Einzeldarstellungen, Band 21, Herausgeber : W. Köster. 1. Auflage, Springer-Verlag Berlin  -  Heidelberg  -  New York. 1974. 717 Seiten, 387 Bilder, XI, gebunden, Preis DM 198, -  (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 396-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050714
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  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Influence of the Zinc Phosphate Coating on the coefficient of friction when cold heading AISI 1018 steel wire (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 413-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A Waterbury-Farrel cold heading machine was instrumented so that the total force and frictional force could be recorded during the first blow operation of AISI 1018 steel wire and the efficiency of various lubricants, including zinc phosphate, was evaluated.Zinc phosphate and other bonded lubricants did not offer any distinct advantage in reducing the coefficient of friction between the wire and the central bore of the first blow punch whereas a low cost liquid lubricant, SAE 30 oil, used either alone on bare wire or with bonded lubricants proved to be the most effective. It is suggested that a low cost liquid lubricant, such as SAE 30 oil, used on bare wire has both economic and operational advantages under conditions where no extrusion is carried out during the first blow.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050804
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  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Leitfähigkeit von mehrphasigen Werkstoffen  -  Vergleich zwischen experimentellen und berechneten Werten von Cermets  -  (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 416-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Conductivity of Cermets and other Multiphase Materials  -  Comparison between experimental and calculated electrical Resistivities. It was pointed out in the other two parts of this work, which equations amongst more than fifty enable the calculation of field properties (e. g. electrical and thermal conductivity, magnetic permeability) of multiphase materials (including porous materials) from microstructure parameters on a physical basis. Their derivation has been considered as well. - These „stereometric functions of field properties“ are summarized here revealing the relation between the properties of multiphase materials and the concentration, shape, orientation and properties of their constituent phases.  -  These equations are used now for calculating the electrical resistivity of cermets. Experimental values of about fifty various cermet combinations are compared with theoretical curves. The theoretically predicted dependence of the electrical resistivity on concentration, shape, orientation and temperature is clearly confirmed. Consequently the field properties of multiphase materials can be calculated from their stereometric microstructure data and field properties of their constituent phases. This helps in all cases, where, under certain conditions very low accuracy is to be expected from direct measurements, or when the microstructure can be more easily determined. Furthermore these equations show the direction in which the microstructure should be improved to achieve optimal properties (tailor made materials). Finally, these equations provide a means to avoid cumbersome data collections on multiphase materials, once the properties of the phases are well known.
    Notes: In den ersten beiden Teilen dieser Arbeit war gezeigt worden, welche der zahlreichen Gleichungen zur Berechnung von Feldeigenschaften (elektrische und thermische Leitfähigkeit, magnetische Permeabilität u. a.) mehrphasiger Werkstoffe (einschließlich poröser Werkstoffe) aus Gefügeparametern physikalisch begründet sind. Ebenfalls erörtert wurde ihre mathematische Ableitung.  -  Diese „Stereometriefunktionen der Feldeigenschaften“ werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit noch einmal zusammengefaßt. Sie enthalten die Abhängigkeit der Feldeigenschaft eines mehrphasigen Werkstoffes von der Konzentration, der Form, der Orientierung und den Feldeigenschaften seiner Phasen.  -  Die Gleichungen werden nun zur Berechnung des elektrischen Widerstandes von Cermets angewendet. Verglichen werden die theoretischen Kurven mit den experimentellen Werten von etwa 50 Cermetkombinationen Sie zeigen eindeutig die theoretisch begründete Form-, Orientierungs-, Konzentrations- und Temperaturabhängigkeit des elektrischen Widerstandes dieser Cermets. Die Berechnung der Feldeigenschaften mehrphasiger Werkstoffe aus Gefügedaten und den Eigenschaften ihrer Phasen macht die Messung bzw. Sammlung und Darstellung prinzipiell entbehrlich. Sie eröffnet die Möglichkeit zur vorausberechneten Eigenschaftsverbesserung durch Gefügeoptimierung („maßgeschneiderte Werkstoffe“) und erlaubt die Bestimmung der Feldeigenschaften aus stereometrischen Gefügemessungen dort, wo ihre direkte Messung sehr ungenau oder sehr schwierig ist.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050805
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  • 119
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    Electronic Resource
    Werkstoffe - Aufbau und Eigenschaften von E. Hornbogen. VII, 354 Seiten mit 247 Abb., 1973. Berlin - Heidelberg - New York: Springer Verlag, geheftet DM 54,- (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 175-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050320
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  • 120
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    Veranstaltungskalender (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. A22 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050324
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  • 121
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    Zur Klärung von Schadensfällen bei Komplexbeanspruchung  -  Rasterelektronenmikroskopie (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 189-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Failure Analysis with the Scanning Electron Microscope. Examples of practice and research will show the possibility to use the scanning electron microscopy for studying the various crack mechanisms. It is necessary, of course, to know most of parameters like material, stress, temperature, pressure, corrosive agent to get exact results.
    Notes: An verschiedenen Beispielen aus Praxis und Forschung wird die Einsatzmöglichkeit des Rasterelektronenmikroskopes (REM) für die Aufdeckung von Schadensursachen gezeigt. Es versteht sich von selbst, daß dies ohne Kenntnis der Betriebs- bzw. Beanspruchungsbedingungen nur in Sonderfällen möglich ist.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050404
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  • 122
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    Industrie-Report (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 225-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050411
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  • 123
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    Maschinenelemente aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen. Grundlagen und Verbindungselemente. Von Erhard/Strickle. 1. Auflage, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf 1974. 152 Seiten, 174 Bilder, 26 Tabellen, DIN A 5, kart., Preis DM 38,- (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 231-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050416
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  • 124
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    Ein neues Zeitstandgerät für Kriechversuche bei wechselnden Belastungen und TemperaturenVortrag, gehalten auf der ACHEMA 1973 in Frankfurt/M. (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 205-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: A New Instrument for Measuring Creep under Alternating Loading and Temperature Conditions. It is an established fact that plastics are particularly subject to creep, i. e. deformation over a period of time under load. Under practical conditions unchanged load and constant temperature are seldom realized. The deformations associated with changing mechanical loads cannot generally be derived from the results of ordinary creep tests. In order to be able to study creep behaviour of plastics under intermittent load conditions (i. e. a sequence of loading and unloading), a special instrument has been developed at the Austrian Plastics Institute.The period of time as well as the ratio of loading and unloading phase can be programmed within wide ranges. Creep tests at varying temperatures can also be carried out with this instrument.Under intermittent load very significant differentiation of deformation and fracturing behaviour depending on the polymeric structure has been observed. Comparison of results of ordinary creep with those under intermittent loading at constant temperature shows, that in the case of amorphous thermoplastics destruction by stress crazing and fracture is markedly accelerated. On the other hand semicrystalline thermoplastics have excellent resistance against intermittent load.
    Notes: Es ist allgemein bekannt, daß bei Kunststoffen das Kriechen, die zeitliche Zunahme der Deformation unter Last, besonders stark ausgeprägt ist. Der Fall einer kontinuierlich wirkenden Belastung und konstanter Temperatur ist in der Praxis aber häufig nicht gegeben. Die mit wechselnden mechanischen Belastungen verbundenen Deformationen können im allgemeinen nicht aus den Ergebnissen üblicher Kriechversuche abgeleitet werden. Um das Kriechverhalten von Kunststoffen bei intermittierender Belastung (das ist eine Aufeinanderfolge von Belastungs- und Entlastungsschritten) studieren zu können, wurde im Österreichischen Kunststoffinstitut ein spezielles Gerät entwickelt. Die absolute Länge und auch das Verhältnis von Belastungs- zu Entlastungsphase können in weiten Bereichen programmiert werden. Mit dem gleichen Gerät lassen sich auch Kriechversuche bei wechselnden Temperaturen ausführen.Bei intermittierender Beanspruchung wurde eine sehr starke Differenzierung des Verformungs- und Bruchverhaltens in Abhängigkeit von der Struktur des Kunststoffes festgestellt. Der Vergleich der Ergebnisse mit den bei konstanter Belastung erhaltenen zeigt, daß bei amorphen Plastomeren die Zerstörung durch Spannungsrißbildung bzw. Bruch viel früher erfolgt. Dagegen weisen teilkristalline Plastomere eine ganz ausgezeichnete Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen intermittierende Beanspruchung auf.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050407
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  • 125
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    Berichte über Tagungen und Messen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 227-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050412
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  • 126
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    Hauchvergoldung auf RelaiskontaktenKurzfassung einer Podiumsdiskussion vom 3. 10. 1973, veranstaltet von der Fachgruppe 1.6 „Kontaktverhalten und Schalten“ an der TU-Karlsruhe (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 290-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Gold Flashing on Relay Contacts. It is not the colour but the resistance of contacts which determines their efficiency. Since, however, it is an expensive and time-wasting procedure to measure the resistance of every contact, many costomers reject relays whose silver contacts show a brownish-black discolouration, complaining that they have been kept too long in stock.This problem was believed to have been solved by the introduction of gold-flashing as a temporary coating while the contacts are kept in stock. Now the German Post Office's Telecommunications Head Quarters (Fernmeldetechnisches Zentralamt der Deutschen Bundespost) in Darmstadt have found indications which raise some suspecions as to the damaging side-effects of gold-flashing. For this reason, a working committee of the VDE (Association of German Electrical Engineers), group 1.6„Contact behaviour and switching processes“, undertook its own investigations. The results were revealed during a platform-discussion on the 3rd October, 1973 in the Technical College at Karlsruhe and are given here in the form of edited speeches and a summary of the discussion.
    Notes: Nicht die Farbe, sondern der Kontaktwiderstand ist ein eindeutiges Maß für die Brauchbarkeit von Kontakten. Da aber die Messung des Kontaktwiderstandes zeitraubend und teuer ist, weisen viele Kunden Relais mit braun-schwarz angelaufenen Silberkontakten als „überlagert“ zurück. Seit der Einführung der Hauchvergoldung als vorübergehender Lagerschutz galt dieses Problem als gelöst. Hinweise des Fernmeldetechnischen Zentralamtes der Deutschen Bundespost in Darmstadt haben Zweifel an der Unschädlichkeit der Hauchvergoldung aufkommen lassen und einen Arbeitskreis der VDE-Fachgruppe 1.6„Kontaktverhalten und Schalten“ zu eigenen Untersuchungen veranlaßt. Die Ergebnisse wurden in einer Podiumsdiskussion am 3. 10. 1973 an der Technischen Hochschule Karlsruhe vorgetragen und werden heir als Kurzfassung der Vorträge und Zusammenfassung der Diskussion wiedergegeben.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050603
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    Kurze Informationen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 334-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050609
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  • 128
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    Firmennachrichten (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 338-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050611
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  • 129
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    Gußwerkstoffe, Nichteisenmetalle, Sinterwerkstoffe, Plaste. Von Autorenkollektiv. Schriftenreihe: Technische Stoffe für die Ausbildung von Ingenieuren. 1. Auflage, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Leipzig 1974; 174 Seiten. 108 Bilder. 47 Tabellen. Kart., Preis M 9,80 (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 340-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050614
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  • 130
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    Masthead (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050701
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  • 131
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    Kurze Informationen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 391-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050709
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  • 132
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    Firmennachrichten (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 394-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050710
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  • 133
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    Elektrotauchlackierung. Von W. Machu, Wien. 1. Auflage, Verlag Chemie GmbH, Weinheim/Bergstraße, 1974. 338 Seiten, 133 Bilder, 32 Tabellen, Ln., Preis DM 98, -  (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 396-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050713
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  • 134
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    Der Gradient der Wöhlerkurve (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 407-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Gradient of the S, N-curve. The classical two-parameter basic equations of Wöhler and Basquin and also the four-parameter equation of Palmgren/Weibull approximate the Wöhler curve in certain ranges only. They fail in particular when one attempts to use them to convert a service life increase into the appropriate gain in strength. For a more exacting analysis these approximations must be replaced by models of the Wöhler curve which are nearer to actual reality.
    Notes: Die klassischen Zwei-Parameter-Ansätze von Wöhler und Basquin, aber auch der Vier-Parameter-Ansatz von Palmgren/Weibull approximieren die S, N-Kurve nur bereichsweise; vor allem versagen sie, wenn man sich ihrer bedienen will, um eine erzielte Lebensdauersteigerung in den entsprechenden Festigkeitsgewinn umzurechnen: Bei anspruchsvolleren Analysen müssen diese Approximationen durch wirklichkeitsnähere Modelle der Wöhlerkurve ersetzt werden.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050803
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  • 135
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    Werkstoffprüfung (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050512
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  • 136
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    Funktion mechanischer Meßelemente von Aufnehmern und die wichtigsten FehlerquellenÜbersetzung der Arbeit: Operating Principles of Mechanical Modules for Transducers and the Most Important Sources of Errors, Proc. of the 1972 Joint Measurement Conference, National Bureau of Standards, Boulder, Colorado, S. 125/134. (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 285-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Operating Principles of Mechanical Modules for Transducers and the Most Important Sources of Errors. The function of the mechanical modules of transducers for the measurement of physical quantities is explained and therefrom a classification of the transducers in three groups deduced. External interfering quantities, the feed-in of energy into the module and the material properties are mentioned as the most important sources of errors and their compensation is exemplified on already constructed transducers. Special attention is paid to the heat effect and the structure dependent mechanical properties of materials.
    Notes: Es wird die Funktion mechanischer Meßelemente von Meßwertaufnehmern zum Messen physikalischer Größen erläutert und daraus eine Einteilung der Aufnehmer in drei Gruppen abgeleitet. Als wichtigste Fehlerquellen werden äußere Störgrößen, die Energieeinleitung in das Meßelement und Werkstoffeigenschaften genannt und ihre Kompensation an ausgeführten Aufnehmern erläutert. Besonders wird auf die Wärmetönung und die strukturbedingten mechanischen Eigenschaften der Werkstoffe eingegangen.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050602
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  • 137
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    Beurteilung der Zuverlässigkeit von Schmiermitteln für die Feinwerktechnik (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 314-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Assessment of the Reliability of Lubricants for Precision Machinery. The critical examination of the reliability of lubricants for instruments and precision machinery needs first the recognition of all the parameters influencing the efficiency of the lubricants. Afterwards these parameters have to be classified according to their significance of the application of the instruments and precision machinery.These numerous influences cause unexpected and very complicated interactions which often can only be recognized, if the instruments and precision machinery are tested under practical conditions. The very small quantities of lubricants used in the instruments and precision machinery require new techniques for examining the lubricated bearings.A well equipped laboratory and a serious planning of the tests as well are therefore indispensable.
    Notes: Für die Beurteilung der Zuverlässigkeit von Schmiermitteln für Instrumente und Apparate ist es notwendig, die Wirkung aller auf die Schmiermittel einwirkenden Einflüsse quantitativ zu erfassen und diese Einflüsse nach ihrer Bedeutung im späteren Einsatzgebiet des Instrumentes oder des Apparates einzustufen.Durch die Vielzahl der vorhandenen Einflüsse treten unerwartete, sehr komplizierte Wechselwirkungen auf, die meistens nur erkannt werden, wenn die Instrumente und Apparate in Versuchen unter möglichst praxisnahen Bedingungen arbeiten. Die Beurteilung der Schmierstellen in Instrumenten und Apparaten aus derartigen Erprobungsversuchen verlangt wegen der sehr geringen Schmiermittelmengen neue Untersuchungstechniken.Für die exakte Beurteilung der Zuverlässigkeit von Schmiermitteln ist deshalb neben einer guten Ausrüstung des Untersuchungslabors eine geschickte Versuchsplanung unumgänglich.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050606
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  • 138
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    Werktoffprüfung (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 337-338 
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    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050610
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    Untersuchungen zur Reibung zwischen Kolben und Zylinder bei Schrägscheiben-Axialkolbenmaschinen. Yon K. T. Renius, VDI- Forschungsheft 561. 1. Auflage, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf 1974. 51 Seiten, 67 Bilder, 4 Tabellen, DIN A 4. Preis DM 50, -  (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 340-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050612
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  • 140
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    Wichtiger Leserhinweis (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 340-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050616
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  • 141
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    Künstliche und natürliche Verbundwerkstoffe für den Einsatz bei hohen Temperaturen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 358-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Artificial and Natural Composites for High Temperature Application. Artificial composites are made by embedding reinforcing fibers into a metallic matrix f. i. by means of powder metallurgy. Natural composites are defined by the thermodynamic equilibrium: directional solidified eutectics as natural composites of high stability at high temperatures. Composites will probably replace conventional superalloys as turbine blades in jet engines allowing higher temperatures of combustion and therefore resulting in higher efficiency.Examples of such composites as materials for engine design are discussed. New processing methods (high energy rate forming and directional casting) and some recent results are described.Practical examples are mentioned and an outlook given for use in the near future.
    Notes: Unter „künstlichen“ Verbundwerkstoffen werden solche verstanden, die durch Einbettung von Fasern in eine Metallmatrix  -  z. B. auf pulvermetallurgischem Wege  -  entstehen. „Natürliche“ Verbundwerkstoffe werden vom thermodynamischen Gleichgewicht her definiert: d. s. gerichtet erstarrte Eutektika von guter Stabilität bei hohen Temperaturen.Verbundwerkstoffe werden wahrscheinlich in der Zukunft einmal die konventionellen Superlegierungen als Material für Turbinenschaufeln in Strahltriebwerken ersetzen. Dadurch werden höhere Verbrennungstemperaturen und eine höhere Leistung der Turbine ermöglicht.Beispiele der neuartigen künstlichen und natürlichen Verbundwerkstoffe für den Hochtemperatureinsatz in Wärmekraftmaschinen werden diskutiert. In diesem Zusammenhang werden neue Verfahrenstechniken, wie Hochgeschwindigkeitsstrangpressen und gerichtete Erstarrung von Schmelzen sowie neueste Versuchsergebnisse beschrieben.Es wird auf praktische Beispiele eingegangen und ein Ausblick auf die zukünftige Entwicklung gegeben.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050704
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    Untersuchung des Strahlverschleißmechanismus von Metallen (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 381-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Problems of Mechanism of Erosion in Abrasive Stream. The results of investigation obtained by different methods (metallographical and electron microscopy, X-ray analysis, microhardness testing, profile measurement) are presented in the paper. Changes in surface layers prior to chip formation and its separation have been investigated. The specimens, mainly of soft and hardened steels were tested for wear in the stream of abrasive particles with a hardness greater than that of the specimens.The data of investigations show that the so-called polydeformation wear mechanism is of prime importance with soft steels subjected to erosion (mean cycle number n = 4 … 10). In the case oif hardened steels separation of the wear particles is experienced at greater and medium impact angles along the „white layers“. The cycle number of particle separation with hardened steels constitutes 1 … 2 only.In the case of quite small impact angles microcutting predominates for all metals.
    Notes: Im vorliegenden Artikel werden Probleme der Strahlverschleißbeanspruchung behandelt. Es werden Forschungsergebnisse über die Veränderungen der Grenzschicht, die dem Bruch vorangehen, sowie über Bruchmechanismen selbst, wie sie mit Hilfe von Licht- und Elektronenmikroskopie, Röntgenographie, Mikrohärteprüfung und Rauhigkeitsprüfung erhalten werden können, dargelegt. Die Untersuchungen wurden hauptsächlich an weichen und gehärteten Stählen unter Verwendung von Strahlmitteln durchgeführt, deren Härte größer als die Werkstoffhärte ist.Die Ergebnisse lassen den Schluß zu, daß bei weichen Stählen dem sog. Polydeformationsverschleißmechanismus (mittlere Zykluszahl n = 4 … 10) die größte Bedeutung beizumessen ist. Bei gehärteten Stählen werden die Verschleißpartikel bei großen und mittleren Anstrahlwinkeln längs der beim Vorgang entstehenden „weißen Schichten“ abgetrennt. Die Zykluszahl für das Lostrennen beträgt hier nur etwa n = 1 … 2.Bei sehr kleinen Anstrahlwinkeln ist für alle Metalle der Mikrozerspanungsvorgang dominierend.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050707
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  • 143
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    Kompendium der Kunststoffe. Von Fern. Wagner. Band 11 der Giradet-Taschenbücher. 1. Auflage, Buchverlag W. Giradet, Essen. 1974. 198 Seiten, 66 Bilder, 38 Tabellen, 13,8 × 21 cm, kart., Preis DM 21,80 (1974)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 5 (1974), S. 396-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19740050712
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  • 144
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    Mass spectrometry of synthetic oligopeptides N, O-permethylated, N-acetylated derivativesAbbreviation: DMF = dimethylformamide. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 175-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectra of a series of stable isotope derivatives aided a structure elucidation study of an amino acid amide (Tyr-NH2) and the following family of synthetic oligopeptides: Gly-Tyr-NH2, Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2, Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2, Gln-Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2, Ala-Gln-Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2, Ser-Ala-Gln-Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2 and Lys-Ser-Ala-Gln-Gln-Gly-Gly-Tyr-NH2. This series of peptides was synthesized by classical methods. N,O-permethylated, N-acetylated derivatives were synthesized to provide sufficient volatility for mass spectrometry. Various combinations of stable isotope derivatives (CH3CO + CH3, CD3CO + CH3, CH3CO + CD3, CD3CO + CD3) confirmed proposed fragmentation pathways and corroborated hypothetical ion structures. This family of oligopeptides corresponds to the C-terminus of scotophobin.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010307
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  • 145
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    Phospholipids in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 195-198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been used to identify the phosphate diester backbones of two classes of phospholipids previously unrecognized in washings from human lungs. Washings were analyzed from two patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and also from two pairs of normal lungs washed postmortem. α-Glycerophosphorylglycerol and α-glycerophosphorylinositol were identified in all four cases following hydrolysis of the fatty acid esters and treatment with trimethylsilylating reagent.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010310
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  • 146
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    Letter to the editors (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 207-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010313
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  • 147
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    Studies of O-substituted oxime-trimethylsilyl ester derivatives of some metabolically-important oxocarboxylic acidsAbbreviations: BO-TMS, EO-TMS and MO-TMS are respectively the benzyl, ethyl and methyl O-substituted oximes; BSA = N, O-(trimethylsilyl)acetamide. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the methyl-, ethyl- and benzyl-oxime trimethylsilyl ester derivatives of sixteen oxocarboxylic acids are reported. They are discussed both in terms of their fragmentation and their utility for use in studies of inborn errors of metabolism. Several applications where these derivatives have proved of value are presented.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010311
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  • 148
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    Organic contaminants in the District of Columbia water supply (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 209-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thirty-two organic contaminants have been identified in District of Columbia drinking water. These contaminants include aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorocarbons, bromine-containing compounds, alcohols and ketones. The concentration of each constituent identified was less than one part per million. The organic contaminants were extracted from the water samples with a 1:1 mixture of carbon disulfide (CS2) and methylene chloride (CH2Cl2). Each constituent was identified by its gas chromatographic retention time and by its mass spectrum.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010402
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  • 149
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    Characterization of dipeptides by electron impact and chemical ionization mass spectrometryAbbreviation : ACA = acetylacetone. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 212-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The components of mixtures of dipeptides can be identified from the electron ionization and chemical ionization mass spectra of their N-acetylacetonyl methyl ester derivatives without prior separation. The pyrolytic conversion of peptide trimethylanilinium salts to their methyl esters in the direct insertion probe of a mass spectrometer was found to be most suitable for the derivatization of dipeptides in mixtures.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010403
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    News and events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xiii 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010314
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    Masthead (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010401
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  • 152
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    Evaluation of bilirubin derivatives for mass spectral analysis (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 219-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Twelve derivatives of bilirubin were evaluated from the point of view of providing intense molecular ion peaks on electron impact and unambiguous molecular weights. The tetrakis-(trimethylsilyl) derivative of bilirubin was judged to be the most suitable because its molecular ion carries 22% of the total ion current and is the base peak in the spectrum. Molecular ions were found to carry 10% of the total ion current in the spectrum of the trimethylsilylated methyl ester of the phenylazo derivative of bilirubin. Fragmentation patterns of these two compounds were studied using deuterium labeling.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010404
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    The use of Edman degradation in peptide mixture analysis by mass spectrometryA preliminary report including some of the data presented in this paper has been given at the 6th International Mass Spectrometry Conference, Edinburgh, Scotland, September 1973. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 231-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectrometric analysis of peptide mixtures may lead to ambiguous results when it is possible to change from one peptide chain to another during the interpretation of the spectra. This kind of ambiguity can be eliminated by submission of part of the sample to one cycle of Edman degradation, followed by comparison of the results obtained for this preparation with those obtained for the nondegraded sample. Combination of this procedure with the use of deuterated derivatives has allowed an unambiguous interpretation for two mixtures of synthetic peptides.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010406
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  • 154
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    Field desorption mass spectrometry of ten medicinal carbamates (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 256-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The field desorption mass spectra of ten medicinal carbamates - meprobamate, mebutamate, carisoprodol, emylcamate, bethanechol chloride, styramate, hydroxyphenamate, mephenesin carbamate, methocarbamol and chlorphenesin carbamate - were run and compared with their published electron impact spectra. Of the ten compounds run only emylcamate did not give a field desorption mass spectrum. All others gave abundant molecular ions, with the exception of bethanechol chloride which has a quarternary ammonium group and gave a field desorption spectrum characteristic of compounds possessing such a functional group. No general characteristic fragmentation was attributed to the carbamate function in the field desorption mode. However, the ease of obtaining abundant molecular ions or quasimolecular ions makes the field desorption method a valuable complementary technique to electron impact studies of carbamates.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010409
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  • 155
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    The determination of sequence information in homologously related proteins by mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 269-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An azurin, a small respiratory copper protein from the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens biotype G, has been studied by mass spectrometry to determine sequence information. The study of homologously related proteins by mass spectiometry is particularly attractive, since the correct nature of major parts of the deduced sequences can be confirmed by comparison with the sequences of the protein from related organisms. An oxidized tryptohan residue has been identified amongst the products from a cyanogen bromide digest of this wild type azurin. In the same digest, a product is also found to arise from cleavage of the peptide chain at the C-terminal side of the same tryptophan residue. These results are rationalized.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010411
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    The mass spectral fragmentation of partially ethylated alditol acetates, a derivative used in determining the glycosly linkage composition of polysaccharidesSupported in part by AEC Contract No. AT(11-1)-1426.Abbreviations: PEGS = poly-(ethylene glycol succinate); PEGA = poly-(ethylene glycol adipate). (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 263-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectral data for the primary fragmentation of partially ethylated alditol acetates have been tabulated in order to allow easy reference for the identification of these polysaccharide derivatives. Sodium borodeuteride is used in all the aldose to alditol reductions, since the presence of a single deuterium label on C-1 greatly increases the information available in the mass spectrum and allows some identifications to be made which would not otherwise be possible. The primary fragmentations of these derivatives are analogous to those of the partially methylated alditol acetates, with each fragment shifted to a higher m/e value by fourteen mass units for each ether linkage contained in the fragment. The secondary fragmentation is also very similar, being characterized by the loss of acetic acid or ketene, or, less frequently, by the loss of ethanol or acetaldehyde. Coupled with the chromatographic retention time data for the partially ethylated alditol acetates tabulated elsewhere, the unambiguous mass spectral identification makes this derivative an excellent choice as a complementary derivative to the partially methylated alditol acetates for polysaccharide analysis. The utility of the partially ethylated alditol as a routine analytical derivative is further enhanced by the almost identical procedures required for synthesis of the ethyl and methyl derivatives. Through the combined use of these derivatives, most of the possible linkage isomers of the seven common aldoses of plant cell wall polysaccharides can be resolved, identified and quantitated.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010410
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  • 157
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    Characterization of cytosine nucleosides by mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 281-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of most nucleosides of cytosine exhibit molecular ions of low abundance, rearranged ions base + 2H in greater abundance than the companion species base + H, and a characteristic and abundant ion which corresponds to base + C2HO from the sugar. Deuterium, oxygen-18 and substituent labeling showed the presence of C-1′, 2′, H-2′ and O-4′ in the latter ion, which led to a proposed mechanism of formation involving opening of the sugar ring and recyclization between O2 and C-2′ with expulsion of water. Primary driving force for the reaction is due to resonance stabilization promoted by unshared electrons from N4, which results in diminished abundance in the case of imino isomers and derivatives which contain electron-withdrawing groups at N4, and enhanced abundance resulting from methylation at N4. Data for 24 nucleosides are presented and discussed in terms of the determination of nucleoside structure.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010413
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  • 158
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    News and events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. ix 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010417
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    Metabolism of branched medium chain length fatty acid: I - ω-oxidation of sodium dipropylacetate in ratsAbbreviations: DPA = dipropylacetate; BSA = N,O-bis-(trimethylsil)acetamide; TMCS = trimethylchlorosilane. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 291-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The metabolism of sodium dipropylacetate (a newly developed anticonvulsant) was investigated in rats, and two metabolites were found in urine of rats which received dipropylacetate. The metabolites were identified as 2-n-propyl-5-hydroxypentanoic acid and 2-n-propylglutaric acid, respectively, by low and high resolution mass spectrometry. Synthetic 2-n-propylglutaric acid, when administered to rats, was not oxidized further and was excreted intact in urine. These data clearly show that ω-oxidation is involved in the metabolism of sodium dipropylacetate and that 2-n-propylglutaric acid, the end product of ω-oxidation, does not serve as a substrate for β-oxidation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010415
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  • 160
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    Mass fragmentographic studies of sulfur compounds: The thienylthiaalkanes (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 297-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fragmentation studies of the mass spectra of 24 high purity compounds of importance in a study of fossil fuels are described. The substances include eleven 1-(2-thienyl)-1-thia-, six1-(2-thienyl)-3-thia, and seven1-(2-thienyl)-4-thiaalkanes in the molecular weight range 158 to 270. Rearrangement peaks are prominent in all spectra and form the base peaks for the 1-thia- and 4-thia- compounds. The 3-thia- compounds are somewhat perverse in exhibiting weaker rearrangement peaks, and large ion intensities, including base peaks, at masses typical of alkyl fragments, alkenyl fragments, or ions more characteristic of the thiaalkanes (aliphatic sulfides). The major fragment ions are discussed and their use in differentiating subclasses is described. Low ionization voltage data is presented in support of suggested mechanisms of fragmentation.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010502
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    Determination of phenformin in biological fluids using chemical ionization mass spectrometryAbbreviations used: P = phenformin; PD2 = α-dideuteriophenethyl biguanide. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 320-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method for the quantification of phenformin, an oral hypoglycemic biguanide, from biological fluids based upon gas chromatography and chemical ionization mass spectrometry, is reported. Phenformin is quantitatively cyclized to the 2-substituted-4-trifluoremethyl-2,6-diamino-1,3,5-S-triazine when acylated with trifluoroacetic anhydride. This cyclized product was measured with respect to the deuterium substituted phenformin. The plasma levels achieved following the administration of a therapeutic dose of phenformin to a diabetic subject are reported.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010505
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  • 162
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    Mass spectrometric identification of an N-oxide formed by incubation of N,N-dimethyl-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene-Δ5,γ-propylamine with rat liver microsomes (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 329-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On incubation with rat liver microsomes, N,N-dimethyl-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene-Δ5,γ-propylamine is converted to the N-oxide. The identification of this metabolite has been achieved by the use of gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and thin-layer chromatography.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010507
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  • 163
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    Studies on the mass fragmentographic determination of plasma estriol (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 332-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Three mass fragmentatographic methods for the determination of unconjugated estriol in pregnancy plasma and unconjugated and conjugated estriol in plasma of nonpregnant women after estriol administration were developed and tested as to their reliability and practicability. The methods were found to fulfil appropriate reliability criteria especially with regard to specificity. Unconjugated estriol could be assayed without prior chromatography in late pregnancy plasma, but a chromatographic step was needed for plasmas with a low estriol titre, and both a methylation step and chromatography is needed to achieve the required specificity if plasma conjugated estriol is determined or if assays are carried out following estriol administration. Unconjugated estriol in normal late pregnancy plasma was found in concentrations from 4.3 to 9.3 μg/l. The highest value recorded, 16.3 μg/l, was found in a prediabetic subject with mild hypertension, who delivered a child weighing 4150 g by Cesarean section in the 39th week. Low values were found in severe hypertension and in toxemia, and in general the results from the pathological material investigated seemed to correlate well with the clinical findings. However, only a few samples (five to ten) can be processed so rapidly that the results can be obtained the same day, which in addition to the expensive and complicated instrumentation limits the usefulness of the methods in routine clinical chemistry.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010508
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  • 164
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    Identification of an atypical constitutent of a clandestine opiate (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 350-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An unusual morphine analog was extracted and separated from an opium-like sample. The high resolution mass spectrum of the unknown substance confirmed the empirical formula as C17H18O2NCl. Mass spectra and retention factor values in thin-layer chromatography of both unknown and authentic standards were compared, which lead to the identification of the unknown as β-chloromorphide.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010511
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    Mass spectrometric studies of thyroxine and related compounds. Trimethylsilyl derivatives (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 374-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of the trimethylsilyl derivatives of thyroxine and sixteen related compounds are reported. In addition to deiodinated analogues and iodinated tyrosines, the latter include a series of thyroacetic and thyropropionic acids and one thyroformic acid compound. Their spectra are discussed in terms of their fragmentation and utility for qualitative and quantitative estimation by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010603
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    A quantitative method of sample loading for field desorption mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 358-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A quantitative method for loading nanogram samples onto field desorption emitter wires is described. Sample consumption is reduced and problems with emitter wettability are overcome by freezing microliter droplets onto the emitters. Using this technique, good spectral data are obtained from 10 to 50 ng of material. Field desorption sensitivity measurements are reported for neomycin B, adenosine and cholesterol. Evaluation of the nonquantitative dipping technique previously employed reveals poor and nonreproducible sample loading efficiency.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010513
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  • 167
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    Identification of explosives by chemical ionization mass spectrometry using water as reagentAbbreviations: HMX (Octogen) = 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane; RDX (Hexogen, Cyclonite) = 1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane; PETN = Pentaerythrytoltetranitrate. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 393-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Chemical ionization mass spectra of four explosive compounds have been obtained by using water as reagent gas. The compounds are 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazacyclooctane, 1,3,5-trinitor-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, and an explosive which has been used in letter bombs, containing the two latter compounds and a plasticizer. The chemical ionization H2O mass spectra were recorded at an ion source temperature range of 170 to 225°C, a probe temperature range of 160 to 265°C and a reagent gas (H2O) pressure range of 0.07 to 0.10 Torr. Unlike in chemical ionization using methane or isobutane, chemical ionization H2O spectrum of these compounds provides a method for obtaining quasimolecular peaks. Adduct ion peaks like [M + H3O]+, [M + H5O2]+, [M + NO]+ and [M + NO2]+ are also observed in the chemical ionization H2O mass spectra of these compounds. Chemical ionization H2O mass spectra provide thus a better means of explosive identification.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010606
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  • 168
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    Carbon isotopic fractionations associated with acetic acid production by Acetobacter suboxydans (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 412-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Acetobacter suboxydans, strain 8.3, was grown using ethanol, made by the hydration of ethylene, as the sole energy source. After the microorganism had oxidized some of the ethanol to acetic acid, the unassimilated alcohol and produced acetic acid were isolated from the supernatant. Carbon isotopic analyses of these compounds and the starting ethanol show: (1) the methyl carbon of the starting alcohol is enriched in carbon-13 by 4.6% relative to the hydroxyl carbon, (2) the starting alcohol contains 2% less carbon-13 than the unassimilated ethanol and (3) the carboxyl carbon of the acetic acid excreted by the A. suboxydans is enriched by 3.8% in carbon-13 relative to the methyl carbon. These results support earlier findings which indicate that organisms preferentially utilize compounds enriched in carbon-12 and tend to concentrate carbon-12 in the reduced carbons relative to the oxidized carbons of metabolic products.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010608
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  • 169
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    Comparison of the field desorption, chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectra of some steroids (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 423-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron impact, chemical ionization and field desorption mass spectra of seven steroids showing varying stability to electron impact have been compared.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010611
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  • 170
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    Letter to the editors (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 427-428 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010613
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  • 171
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    News (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. ix 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010615
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  • 172
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    Intramolecular carbon isotopic distribution in biologically produced acetoin (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 415-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The concentrations of carbon-13 in the individual carbon atoms of 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (acetoin) from apple cider vinegar decrease with decreasing oxidation level in the sequence .Because the distributions of isotopes within biological compounds are controlled by kinetic and equilibrium effects, intramolecular isotopic analyses may provide a means of defining the equilibria between metabolic pathways and of recognizing the molecular remnants of pre-existent organisms in geological samples.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 173
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    Computerized mass fragmentography and peak matchingAbbreviations: m.f. = mass fragmentography; a.v.a. = accelerating voltage alternator; m.i.d. = multiple ion detection; p.m. = peak matching; d.a.c. = digital to analogue converter; a.d.c. = analogue to digital converter; d.c. = direct current; t.i.c. = total ion current; PFK = perfluorokerosene. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 397-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The minicomputer calculates and sets the required accelerating voltages by means of a 16 bit d.a.c. for maximum 8 masses within a 30% mass range. These, together with the t.i.c., are displayed in real time on a television screen and recorded on magnetic tape with a dynamic range of 1:32 000. Automatic fine adjustment of the mass focus and compensation for drifts in the magnetic field are some of the features in the mass fragmentographic package, which also allows data to be displayed, analysed, edited and plotted. Quantitative analyses can be handled entirely by the system if it is provided with the weight ratios of the compound to be determined and the standards to construct the standard curve. A table of the concentration per ml sample at the various times and/or a semi-log plot may be obtained by providing the amount of the standard added to the sample (e.g. blood), the extracted sample volume and the time at which the sample was drawn. Mass determinations of isolated or non-isolated compounds (nanogram amounts) can be performed within a few minutes with a precision usually better than 5 ppm employing a single focusing instrument at a resolution of 600-700. A maximum of seven unknown masses within a 30% range can be specified and determined simultaneously or in a preselected order. The shortest sweep time of the ion beam is 300 ms. The peak shapes can be analysed by displaying the data stored on magnetic tape on the television monitor.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010607
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  • 174
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    Multiple ion detection by accelerating voltage alternation in conjunction with voltage sweeping (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 418-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An analog multiple ion detection system has been developed for magnetic sector mass spectrometers based on accelerating voltage alternation in conjunction with the accurate maintenance of focusing by means of voltage sweeping, using a superimposed a.c. sine wave voltage. This multiple ion detector voltage sweep system is easily constructed, inexpensive and produces analytical data of much greater precision than that reported from conventional systems. The application of the multiple ion detector voltage sweep system to biomedical problems is illustrated by the development of a method for the determination of stable isotope enrichment in blood glucose and alanine in children infused with tetradeuterio-L-alanine and dideuterioglucose to study gluconeogenesis and glucose utilization in vivo.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010610
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  • 175
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    Beneficial effect of macrocyclic ligands on field desorption mass spectra of samples containing alkali metal ions (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 425-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Addition of a macrocyclic ligand, such as a crown ether or cryptate, to the solution of an organic compound containing alkali metal ions prior to field desorption mass spectral analysis, has been shown to result in a reproducible, smooth field desorption process at low anode temperature. Crystalline dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether complexes of NaI and KI give field desorption spectra in which free and complexed ligands are of comparable intensity. Cryptate complexes retain the metal ion even more strongly, as illustrated by the fact that the complex of LiCl with [2.1.1]-cryptate yields almost exclusively the complexed lithium peak on field desorption. Alkali metal salts with organic anions also desorb more smoothly after complexation, although in the case of simple carboxylates the anion is found only in a cluster peak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010612
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  • 176
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    Forthcoming events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. x 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010616
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  • 177
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    Masthead (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010101
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  • 178
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    Editorial (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xi 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010102
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  • 179
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    Identification of 2-hydroxy fatty acids in complex mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters by mass chromatographyAbbreviations: Hydroxy fatty acids are identified by h preceding chain length. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 10-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Repetitive mass spectrometric scanning of gas-liquid chromatographic effuents at short (6 to 15 s) intervals, with a digital computer for data acquisition, reduction and display, allows plots (mass chromatograms) to be made of the intensities of specific ion fragments. Plotting of m/e values characteristic for certain classes of compounds and/or individual components reveals the location of constituents in the gas chromatogram. This technique was applied to the identification of trimethylsilyl derivatives of unsubstituted and 2-hydroxy fatty acid methyl esters in mixtures obtained from acid catalyzed methanolysis of cat brain galactocerebrosides. The plot of total ionization intensity vs scan number generated the gas-liquid chromatogram. Mass chromatograms of m/e 73 and [M - 59]+ gave the locations in the gas-liquid chromatogram of the hydroxy fatty acid derivatives, and mass chromatograms of m/e 74 and [M]+ located the unsubstituted fatty acid derivatives. Integrated ion intensities were used to determine the composition of the mixture of fatty acids.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010105
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  • 180
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    Mass spectrometric determination of amino acid sequence in Cyl-2, a novel cyclotetrapeptide from Cylindrocladium scoparium (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 15-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The amino acid sequence in Cyl-2, a biologically active cyclotetrapeptide from Cylindrocladium scoparium, was investigated. Through high resolution mass spectrometry along with application of the defocusing technique, the structure of cyl-2 was determined as cyclo-D-O-methyltyrosyl-L-isoleucyl-L-pipecolyl-2-amino-8-oxo-9, 10-epoxydecanoyl.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010106
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  • 181
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    Identification of urinary m-hydroxyphenylhydracrylic acid by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 40-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: β-(m-Hydroxyphenyl)hydracrylic acid has been identified in human urine by gas chromatography, high and low reso ution mass spectrometry, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A rapid and conclusive method is presented for the identification of this acid as its methyl ester and/or its methyl ester trimethylsilyl ether derivative by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010109
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    Use of mass spectrometry for the carbohydrate composition and sequence analysis of glycosphingolipidsThe results of the present work were presented at the Ninth International Congress of Biochemistry, Stockholm, Sweden, 1st to 7th July 1973. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 49-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Mass spectrometry has been applied for a detailed structural characterization of glycosphingolipids. Methylated and methylated plus reduced glycolipids (amide groups of ceramide and amino sugars were reduced to the corresponding amines) were found the most useful derivatives. Molecular weight ions [M - 1] were not obtained for methylated lipids with more than four sugar units, but were easily obtained for reduced derivatives, so far with six sugars. Spectra of reduced derivatives showed very abundant ions containing the complete carbohydrate and the fatty acid, allowing a conclusion to be made concerning the carbohydrate composition (ratio of hexose and hexosamine and sialic acid). In addition, conclusive information was obtained for the carbohydrate sequence, including branching of the chain. By a combined use of both derivatives the long chain base and fatty acid composition was also evident. Spectra are discussed for a synthetic monoglycosylceramide, the Forssman glycolipid hapten (pentaglycosylceramide) and two gangliosides (a triglycosylceramide and a pentaglycosylceramide). The mass spectrum of the Forssman glycolipid provides the first conclusive evidence for two amino sugars in the terminal disaccharide of the molecule.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010111
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  • 183
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    Permethylation for mass spectrometry: Rearrangements of ester linkages and use of potassium t-butoxide (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thirteen selected compounds were permethylated with potassium t-butoxide in dimethyl sulphoxide and methyl iodide, a simpler procedure than those using sodium hydride but equally effective. From mass spectrometric study of the products. it emerged that carboxylic esters of methanol and of o-diphenols were at least partially rearranged, whereas those of benzyl alcohol and of a monophenol, as well as fully acylated carbohydrate-like substances, were largely not. Some anamalies of C-methylation and N-methylation were encountered.
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  • 184
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    Determination of the structure of partially methylated sugars as O-trimethylsilyl ethers by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 62-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The separation and structural determination of ten partially methylated methyl glucosides by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry are described. These glucosides were four possible structures for methyl tri-O-methylglucosides and six for methyl di-O-methylglucosides. The positions of free hydroxyl groups in four isomers of methyl tri-O-methylglucosides could be fairly distinguished from each other by their mass spectra. Mass spectra of methyl di-O-methylglucosides were similar to each other, though their spectra were different from those of fully methylated or methyl tri-O-methylglucosides. After introduction of a trimethylsilyl group to the free hydroxyl group, mass spectra of methyl di-O-methylglucosides showed a characteristic pattern for the position of the trimethylsilylated hydroxyl group, and O-trimethylsilyl ethers of methyl tri-O-methylglucosides also showed distinguishable mass spectra. The structures of fragment ions of partially methylated methyl glucosides were confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010113
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  • 185
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    Forthcoming events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xiv 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010119
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  • 186
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    News and events (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xv 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010120
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    Interpretation of mass spectra, 2nd Edition, by F. W. McLafferty. W. A. Benjamin Inc., Reading, Massachusetts, 1973. $15.00 (cloth) $7.50 (paper) (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. xiv 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010118
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  • 188
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    Qualitative and quantitative mass spectrometry of some noncatecholic biogenic amines and related compounds as their dansyl derivatives (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 83-95 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of the integrated ion current technique for the analysis of biogenic amines and phenols as their 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulphonyl (dansyl) derivatives is described, particularly as regards to the linearity and sensitivity of detection. The mono derivatized amines gave a linear response over the range 10-9 to 10-14 mol, with a few being detected in quantities as small as 5 × 10-15 mol. The bisdansyl derivatives have a lower sensitivity and the response is linear over a more restricted range, terminating at 10-13 mol. Deuterated analogues of some of the amines were prepared and the feasibility of their use as internal standards was investigated. In this way, the problems associated with quantitative biochemical analyses caused by losses during extractions, chromatographic separations and thermal decomposition in the mass spectrometer lon source are overcome. The differentiation of isomers of biogenic amines as their dansyl derivatives has been accomplished by fractional sublimation and by examination of differences in their fragmentation patterns.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010202
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    Mass spectrometry of 16,16′-O-permethylated 17-ketosteroidsAbbreviations used: A (androsterone); EA (epiandrosterone); E (etiocholanolone); DHA (dehydroandrosterone); DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone); 11 OH-A (11 β-hydroxyandrosterone); 11 OH-E (11 β-hydroxyetiocholanolone). (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 109-114 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using methylsulphinyl carbanion as base. methylation of 17-ketosteroids with methyl iodide not only converts hydroxy into methoxy groups, but also replaces both C-16 hydrogen atoms by methyl groups. These permethyl derivatives are very stable, have excellent properties for gas chromatographic separation and fragment characteristically upor electron impact. The mass spectra of a number of these derivatives are discussed.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010205
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  • 190
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    High resolution field desorption mass spectrometry: II - glycosides (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 120-123 
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    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The high resolution field desorption mass spectra of a number of glycosides are described. In all cases the spectra enabled molecular weights and elemental formulae to be established, and the presence of fragment ions due to cleavage of the sugar groups provides considerable assistance in the identification of sugar and aglycone moieties. The [M + 23Na]+ ion was the base peak in the spectrum of the sodium salt of testosterone glucuronide, and the presence [M + 39K]+, [M + 41K]+ and [M + 23Na]+ ions in the spectra of other glycosides are attributed to the presence of their sodium or potassium salts as impurities.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010207
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    Direct (non-chromatographic) quantification of drugs and their metabolites from human plasma utilizing chemical lonization mass spectrometry and stable isotope labeling: Quinidine and lidocaineAbbreviations: MEGX = monoethylglycinexylidide; GX = glycinexylidide. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 124-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preliminary results are reported for the quantitative determination of the antiarrhythmic agents quinidine and lidocaine in human plasma by combined isobutane chemical ionization mass spectrometry and stable isotope labeling. The concentration of monoethylglycinexylidide, a known metabolite of lidocaine, was also determined using this method. In the procedure used, stable isotope analogs of the materials to be determined were added to serial plasma samples. The plasma was then made basic and extracted with benzene. The residue after evaporation of the solvent was placed directly into the mass spectrometer via the direct insertion probe and the spectrum determined. In this manner the above named compounds could readily be quantitated without recourse to either derivitization or further purification.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010208
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  • 192
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    The structural elucidation of polyene macrolide antibiotics by mass spectrometry. Nystatin, amphotericin B and pimaricin (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 20-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Complete mass spectra of the pertimethylsilylated derivatives of three high molecular weight polyene macrolide antibiotics are reported for the first time. The fragmentation pathways which are proposed have been corroborated by the stable isotope derivatives d9-TMS and d3-acetyl. Accurate mass measurements and metastable transitions confirm the proposed fragmentation mechanisms in the low mass range. Nystatin - the macrolide of highest molecular weight in this study - expels several TMSOH molecules and a TMS radical. Amphotericin B underwent extensive rearrangements preliminary to eliminating a series of TMSOH molecules. An apparent equilibrium between the keto and ketal forms of amphotericin B facilitated the rearrangements. Pimaricin fragmented in a manner parallel to that of the other two macrolides. The sugar portion of the molecules dominated the fragmentation in the low mass region in the spectra of all compounds. The transfer of a TMS group from the sugar amine to the glycosidic oxygen was observed when the amino sugar was eliminated from the intact molecule. The resulting sugar ion then expelled ammonia.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010107
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  • 193
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    Sex-linked specificity of the hepatic metabolism of steroids in rats. Mass fragmentography as a method for the assay of hydrogenated metabolites of corticosterone in the liver (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 29-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described for the separation, identification and quantitation of endogenous hydrogenated metabolities of corticosterone in rat liver Corticosterone, 5α- and 5β-dihydrocorticosterone, 3α,11β,21-trihydroxy-5α-pregnane-3,20-dione, 3β,11β,21-trihydroxy-5α-pregnane-3,20-dione, 3α,11β,21-trihydroxy-5β-pregnane-3,20-dione, 3β,11β,21-trihydroxy-5α-pregnane-3,20-dione, 5α-pregnane-3α,11β,20α,21-tetrol, 5α-pregnane-3α,11β,20β,21-tetrol and 5α-pregnane-3β,11β,20β,21-tetrol are specifically quantitated in one analysis by mass fragmentography all as their O-methyloxime pertrimethylsilyl derivatives. A pronounced difference in the amounts of these nine metabolites between male and female adult rats was found, while in newborn rats only the two tetrahydro-compounds bearing a 5α-hydrogen were detected in both sexes. On the other hand 3α,11β,1 5α,21-tetrahydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one was detected only in the adult female as its second prominent metabolite of corticosterone. Corticosterone metabolites being biochemical markers of the sex-linked differentiation of the hepatocytes, their mass fragmentographic assay is proposed as a tool for the quantitative analysis of this type of gene expression.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010108
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  • 194
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    The formation of 6-ethylsalicylic acid by Mycobacterium phlei (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new metabolite, 6-ethylsalicylic acid, was shown to accompany 6-methylsalicylic acid in cultures of Mycobacterium phlei grown on media supplemented with propionate. Mass spectral analyses of the aromatic acid fractions obtained after growth in the presence of β,β,β-tridenteropropionate demonstrate that the ethyl group derives from propionate. It is postulated that this bacterium can use a propionate ‘starter’ unit in elaboration of a polyketomethylene chain.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010112
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  • 195
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    Separation and characterization of isomeric substituted nucleosides by gas chromatography and mass spectrometryAbbreviations used: TMS (trimethylsilyl); TFA (trifluoroacetyl); TBDMS (t-butyldimethylsilyl). (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 78-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 3′- and 5′-O-t-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives of thymidine and deoxyadenosine have characteristically different mass spectra and can be separated by gas chromatography.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010116
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  • 196
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    The collection and analysis of volatile hydrocarbon air pollutants using a timed elution chromatographic technique linked to a computer controlled mass spectrometer (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 73-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The difficulty of collecting volatile hydrocarbons, such as benzene, from street air in a form suitable for subsequent analysis is overcome by the use of a time-based elution procedure. By linking this technique to a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer-data system, a rapid analysis is possible for low concentrations of collected material. Among advantages of this novel sample introduction procedure are the facility for collecting organic materials without interference from water vapour and their subsequent introduction into the g.c.-m.s. system without the use of any auxiliary solvents. Consequently the mass spectrometer can be used continuously on-line enabling the more volatile materials, normally masked by solvents, to be examined. This procedure is illustrated by the measurement of benzene and other hydrocarbon levels in street air (London). Following gas chromatographic separation the hydrocarbons can be identified by library search facilities attached to the mass spectrometer.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010115
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  • 197
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    Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. II - continuous monitoring (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 80-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Monitoring of solutes eluted from a liquid chromatograph is possible by continuous introduction of the effluent solution into the ion source of a chemical ionization mass spectrometer. Detection sensitivities in the nanogram range are possible for a wide variety of solutes and solvents. Auxiliary techniques which have proved valuable for g.c.-m.s. also appear to be applicable to l.c.m.s.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010117
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  • 198
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    Observations on the mechanism of hydroxylation of cyclophosphamide by rat liver microsomes: The metabolism of cyclophosphamide-4-d2 (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 130-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The metabolism of cyclophosphamide-4-d2 (2-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-tetrahydro-4,4-dideuterio-2H-1,3,2-oxazaphosphorine 2-oxide), was studied. The first detectable metabolite was a hydroxy derivative which was trapped with ethanol. Mass spectrometry of the resulting two ethoxy derivatives and of the deuterated acrolein 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones formed therefrom via reaction with acidic 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, afforded evidence that the ethoxy substituents were at C-4, which was therefore the position of the original hydroxy substituent. The mass spectrum of the deuterated acrolein 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone obtained from the total reactive metabolites was used to estimate the ratio of 4- to 6-hydroxylation. The rate of metabolism and the antitumour activity of cyclophosphamide and its 4-d2 analogue were compared.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010209
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  • 199
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    Chemical ionization and high resolution electron impact mass spectra of 1,6-anhydro-3,4-O-isopropylidene-β-D-talopyranosePart of a series Specific Isotropic Labeling of Sugars: Applications in Mass-Spectral Analysis. For the previous report in this series. see Ref. 1. (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The high resolution, electron impact mass spectrum of 1,6-anhydro-3,4-O-isopropylidene-β-D-talopyranose, together with those of its derivatives having specific deuterium substitution at C-2, at C-3, at C-2 and C-3, and in the isopropylidene group, is considered in detail and compared with the ammonia and isobutane mediated chemical ionization spectra of these five compounds. From the elemental compositions of the fragment ions and mass number shifts upon deuterium incorporation, the origin of the hydrogen atoms in each of the fragments is traced, and a detailed scheme of the main fragmentation. pathways is presented.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010212
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  • 200
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    Masthead (1974)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1974) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200010301
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