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    ISSN: 1435-1420
    Keywords: Key words Pneumonia ; noso-comial pneumonia ; ventilator-associated pneumonia ; nosocomial infection ; hygiene ; Schlüsselwörter Pneumonie ; nosokomiale Pneumonie ; Beatmungspneumonie ; nosokomiale Infektion ; Hygiene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Beatmungspneumonie ist die wichtigste nosokomiale Infektion auf Intensivstationen. Für deren Prävention sind vor allem Standardhygienemaßnahmen auf hohem Niveau, qualifiziertes Personal und regelmäßige Personalschulungen wichtig. Weitere Maßnahmen, die zu einer Reduktion der Pneumonierate beitragen können, sind: Oberkörperhochlagerung um 30 – 45° und kontinuierliche Infektionserfassung mit regelmäßiger Besprechung der Infektionsstatistik (Surveillance). Der Nutzen der ,Selektiven Darm Dekontamination` (SDD) und die Verwendung von Beatmungsfiltern sind als Präventivmaßnahmen nicht gesichert und somit derzeit nicht zu empfehlen. Auch bleibt der häufige Wechsel von Beatmungsschläuchen ohne Einfluß auf die Pneumonierate. Beatmungsschläuche müssen frühestens nach 7 Tagen gewechselt werden.
    Notes: Summary Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most important nosocomial infection on intensive care units. The incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia of 19 German hospitals is 18,5 pneumonias per 1000 ventilator-days. Although many preventive strategies have been proposed and evaluated in controlled trials, prevention of nosocomial pneumonia is still a topic of controversial discussions. Basic care of ventilated patients of a very good quality is the most important preventive strategy of VAP. This includes appropriate hand washing and other basic hygiene care. Additionally, an effective drainage of bronchopulmonary secretions has to be assured. It is furthermore of importance that the health care workers are well qualified, regularly educated and aware of the special hygiene aspects of intensive care medicine. Other procedures that might be effective in reducing VAP infection rates are: Semiupright position of the patients upper part of the body (30 – 45°) and continuous surveillance of infection rates. `Selective Digestive Decontamination' (SDD) and respiration-filters such as HME-filters and bacterial-filters can not be recommended at present due to the lack of scientific evidence of effectiveness in preventing VAP. Furthermore, no changes of ventilation-equipment are recommended every 48 hours. It is at least possible to change the equipment once a week without an additional risk for patients to acquire pneumonia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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