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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large near-resonance third-order nonlinearity in an azobenzene-functionalized polymer film (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1021-1023 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The third-order nonlinear optical response of a thin film containing the azobenzene dye Disperse Red 1 was studied using the z-scan technique with tunable picosecond pulses. A nonlinear refractive index of −5.0 cm2/GW, corresponding to a Re χ(3)=−3.0×10−15 m2/V2 (2.1×10−7 esu), has been measured at 570 nm. The observed nonlinearity is attributed to the change in refractive index induced by the trans-cis transition in the dye molecule. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120977
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of nuclear spin–spin couplings. VIII. Vicinal proton–proton coupling constants in ethane (1995)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 6597-6600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ab initio self-consistent-field (SCF) and electron correlation calculations have been carried out for the dihedral angle dependence of the vicinal proton–proton coupling constants, 3JHH, in ethane molecule. The four contributions to 3JHH, (JFC, JSD, JOP, and JOD) have been computed with the three different basis sets, [5s2p1d/2s1p], [5s3p1d/3s1p], and [7s4p2d/5s2p]. The Fermi contact (FC) contribution was largest and the spin–dipole (SD) contribution was smallest. The FC and orbital paramagnetic (OP) contributions showed large basis set dependence, but the SD and orbital diamagnetic (OD) contributions presented little basis set dependence. The calculated total SCF contribution to 3JHH was higher than the experimental coupling. Using the Møller–Plesset perturbation theory we have introduced electron correlation effects on the FC and OP terms. The correlation effects on the OP term was shown to be negligible. The second-order correlation in the FC term was very large and amounted to half of its SCF value in magnitude with opposite sign. However, the third-order correlation in the FC contribution was small. Unfortunately, the calculated 3JHH value including correlation corrections through third order was too small compared to the experimental one. The poor agreement between calculation and experiment is claimed to be due to higher than third-order correlations in the FC term. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.470388
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of nuclear magnetic shieldings. XI. Vibrational motion effects (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 4692-4699 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nuclear magnetic shieldings in first- and second-row hydrides were calculated with electron correlation taken into account through third order. The calculation was performed using London's gauge-invariant atomic orbitals (GIAOs) and finite-field Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (FF-MPPT). Furthermore, the vibrational motion corrections to the magnetic shieldings were evaluated. It was shown that the calculated isotropic shielding constants at the experimental geometries are higher than the experimental values, but that vibrational corrections are generally negative and improve the calculated shielding constants. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.472310
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    C5b-8 Step Lysis of Swine Endothelial Cells by Human Complement and Functional Feature of Transfected CD59 (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The authors established several swine endothelial cell (SEC) lines expressing human CD59 by transfection of cDNA, and assessed the function of the transfectant molecules in comparison with those of membrane cofactor protein (MCP) and decay-accelerating factor (DAF) in an in vitro hyperacute rejection model of swine to human discordant xenograft. At the usual expression rate, DAF and MCP protected SEC from human complement mediated cell lysis, but CD59 did not block human complement attack on SEC. However, CD59 protects SEC from cell lysis when sufficiently expressed as in human umbilical vein (HUVEC). The authors examined why CD59 needed so many molecules to protect human complement-mediated SEC lysis and found that SEC underwent lysis by human C5b-8. The degree of C5b-8 step lysis of SEC was approximately 70% of the total activity (C5b-9). Additionally, CD59 protected human complement activation less efficiently at the C5b-8 step than at the C9-step. Therefore, to overcome human complement mediated SEC lysis, C8 activity must be inhibited by dense expression of CD59.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-50.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations of p16/CDKN2, p53 and ras genes in oral squamous cell carcinomas and premalignant lesions (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 25 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Exons 1–3 of the p16/CDKN2 gene, exons 4–9 of the p53 gene and exons 1 and 2 of H-, K- and N-ras genes were screened for mutations by a combination of immunohistochemistry and single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analyses of polymerase chain reaction products from human surgical samples of both frank oral squamous cell carcinomas and premalignant lesions. The samples included 20 squamous cell carcinomas. 10 epithelial dysplasias and 10 epithelial hyperplasias. No identifiable gene mutations were detected in any of the dysplasias or hyperplasias, while 2 (10%) deletions and 2 (10%) mutations of p16/CDKN2, along with 5 (25%) p53 mutations were found in the advanced carcinomas, yielding characteristic p16/CDKN2 and p53 changes. A mutation in the K-ras gene was found in single carcinoma and dysplastic samples. From the data, it can be argued that p16/CDKN2 and p53 mutations are relatively late occurrences in human oral tumorigenesis and that genetic alterations of the ras genes may not play a significant role in squamous neoplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.1996.tb01377.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ENDOTHELINS CONTRACT GUINEA-PIG PULMONARY ARTERY AND ENHANCE ITS ADRENERGIC RESPONSE VIA ETA RECEPTORS (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 23 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. This study has pharmacologically characterized endothelin (ET) receptor subtype(s) mediating contraction and enhancement of adrenergic contraction in guinea-pig pulmonary artery. Isometric tension of the isolated endothelium-denuded ring preparations was measured in the presence of indomethacin (10−5 mol/L) and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME; 3X10−4 mol/L) to exclude a mechanism via endothelium, cyclo-oxygenase-generated eicosanoids and nitric oxide.2. In the additional presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX; 3X10−7 mol/L), ET-1 (10−11-10−7 mol/L) concentration-dependently contracted the preparations. The rank order of potency to contract the preparations among ET receptor agonists was ET-1, sarafotoxin (STX) 6b〉ET-3〉IRL 1620, STX 6c. BQ-123 (7X10−7-7X10−6 mol/L) concentration-dependently shifted the concentration-contraction curve for ET-1 to the right in a parallel manner. Pretreatment with STX 6c (3X10−7 mol/L for 30 min) did not significantly desensitize contractions to ET-1, ET-3 or IRL 1620 (P〉0.05; t-test, 10 d. f.).3. ET-1 (10−10-10−9 mol/L) and STX 6b (10−9-10−8 mol/L) significantly enhanced the electrical field stimulation-induced contraction in a BQ-123-sensitive manner (P〈0.05; t-test, 24–38 d.f.), while ET-3 (10−11-10−8 mol/L) and STX 6c (10−11-10−7 mol/L) did not affect contractions. ET-1 (10−11 mol/L) significantly enhanced contractions to exogenous nor-adrenaline in the presence of TTX (3X10−7 mol/L) (P〈0.05; t-test, 16 d.f.).4. These data indicate that the BQ-123-sensitive ETA receptor mediates both contraction and enhancement of adrenergic contractions in the guinea-pig pulmonary artery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1996.tb02745.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1,8-Bis(2-thienyl)-1,3,5,7-octatetrayne (1998)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 1519-1521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270198005605
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A management policy for sika deer based on sex-specific hunting (1999)
    Springer
    Population ecology 41 (1999), S. 139-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-5613
    Keywords: Key words Feedback management ; Cervus nippon ; Sustainable hunting ; Uncertainty ; Irruption ; Extinction risk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We consider here a management policy for a sika deer (Cervus nippon) population in the eastern part of Hokkaido. Deer populations are characterized by a large intrinsic rate of population increase, no significant density effects on population growth before population crash, and a relatively simple life history. Our goals of management for the deer population are (1) to avoid irruption with severe damage to agriculture and forestry, (2) to avoid the risk of extinction of the deer population, and (3) to maintain a sustainable yield of deer. To make a robust program on the basis of uncertain information about the deer population, we consider three levels of relative population size and four levels of hunting pressures. We also take into consideration a critical level for extinction, an optimal level, and an irruption level. The hunting pressure for females is set to increase with the population size. We also recommend catching males if the population size is between the critical and optimal levels and catching females and males if the population size is larger than the optimal level. We must avoid cases of irruption or threatened population under various sets of uncertain parameter values. The simulation results suggest that management based on sex-specific hunting is effective to diminish the annual variation in hunting yield.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101440050016
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some characteristics of a cellular receptor for virulent infectious bursal disease virus by using flow cytometry (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 143 (1998), S. 2327-2341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  A flow cytometric virus binding assay that directly visualizes the binding of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) to its target cells was established. The chicken B lymphoblastoid cell line, LSCC-BK3, which is permissive for IBDV infection, bound high levels of the virus. Another B lymphoblastoid cell line, LSCC-1104-B1, bound low levels of the virus, although it was nonpermissive. No virus binding was detected in nonpermissive T lymphoblastoid cell lines. In the binding assay to heterogeneous cell populations of chicken lymphocytes, IBDV (a highly virulent OKYM strain) bound to 94% cells in the lymphocytes prepared from the bursa of Fabricius, 37% cells in those prepared from the spleen, 3% cells in those prepared from the thymus, and 21% cells in those prepared from the blood. Most of the cells, which bound the virus, were surface immunoglobulin M (SIgM)-positive, but a small number of them were SIgM-negative. Additionally, the binding of IBDV to the LSCC-BK3 cells was affected by treatment of the cells with proteases and N-glycosylation inhibitors. These findings may indicate that the IBDV host range is mainly controlled by the presence of a virus receptor composed of N-glycosylated protein associated with the subtle differentiation stage of B-lymphocytes represented mostly by SIgM-bearing cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050464
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amplification of JC virus regulatory DNA sequences from cerebrospinal fluid: diagnostic value for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (1998)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 143 (1998), S. 249-262 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary.  Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a fatal demyelinating disease in the central nervous system caused by a ubiquitous human polyomavirus designated as JC virus (JCV). PML affects individuals with decreased immune competence and is now one of the common opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS. JCV DNAs in the brain of PML patients contain various PML-type regulatory regions that were generated from the archetypal regulatory region during persistence. Recently, many studies have suggested that detection of JCV DNA from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may offer a tool for diagnosing PML. However, in all of these studies, coding sequences within the T antigen or capsid protein gene have been targeted for amplification. To amplify the JCV regulatory region, we established a nested PCR that could efficiently amplify the regulatory region from most JCV subtypes prevalent in the world. Using this PCR, we amplified JCV regulatory regions from the CSF samples from 4 patients strongly suspected of PML, whereas amplification was negative from 80 CSF samples from patients without PML. Sequencing of the amplified fragments revealed that they had unique deletions and/or duplications. Furthermore, in 3 PML patients, we analyzed the structures of regulatory regions derived from the brain as well as CSF. In each of these cases, the major regulatory sequence of both origins were identical. This finding indicates that JCV DNA in brain lesions is excreted in the CSF. Since the structures of PML-type JCV regulatory regions are unique to individual patients, the current PCR, if the amplified fragments are sequenced, can eliminate false positives that may arise from contaminations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050284
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