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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 131 (1965), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 219 (1968), S. 186-189 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Some proteins have unique properties which (usually in biological systems) can be measured with great sensitivity, but antibodies are the only reagents known to be capable of reacting specifically and at low concentration with a great many proteins. The use of radioactive isotopes has enabled the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; impaired glucose tolerance ; glucose tolerance ; oral glucose tolerance test ; epidemiology ; height ; body mass index ; waist/hip ratio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a prospective study concerning the pathogenesis of impaired glucose tolerance and Type 2 (non-insulindependent) diabetes mellitus, 346 subjects with no clinical history of diabetes were given a standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The expected positive associations between 120-min plasma glucose concentration and age and body mass index were observed in both sexes and between 120-min plasma glucose and waist/hip ratio in male subjects. An unexpected negative correlation was found between 120-min plasma glucose and height in both sexes (r = − 0.23, (95% confidence interval, − 0.38− − 0.07) p〈0.007 for male subjects and r = − 0.24, (− 0.37− − 0.11) p〈0.006 for female subjects). These negative associations with height remained significant after controlling for age and body mass index in male subjects but not in female subjects. In the latter a highly significant negative relationship of height with age was recorded (r = − 0.33, (− 0.45− − 0.20) p〈0.0001). Comparison between individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and control subjects matched for sex, age and body mass index showed that subjects with impaired glucose tolerance are significantly shorter. Mean (± SEM) height in the male subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (n = 29) was 173.4 ± 1.1 cm vs 176.9 ± 1.3 cm in control subjects, p = 0.02. In the female subjects(n = 39)mean(±SEM)height was 159.4±1.0 cm vs 162.4±1.0 cm in control subjects, p = 0.02. The negative relationship between height and glucose tolerance is a new epidemiological observation which has not been previously reported. One possible reason for this is that the most commonly used anthropometric index, body mass index, eliminates height as an independent analytical variable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 974-974 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 592-596 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words NIDDM, insulin secretion, fetal growth, programming.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recent studies suggest that NIDDM is linked with reduced fetal and infant growth. Observations on malnourished infants and studies of experimental animals exposed to protein energy or protein deficiency in fetal or early neonatal life suggest that the basis of this link could lie in the detrimental effects of poor early nutrition on the development of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. To test this hypothesis we have measured insulin secretion following an IVGTT in a sample of 82 normoglycaemic and 23 glucose intolerant subjects who were born in Preston, England, and whose birthweight and body size had been recorded at birth. The subjects with impaired glucose tolerance had lower first phase insulin secretion than the normoglycaemic subjects (mean plasma insulin concentrations 3 min after intravenous glucose 416 vs 564 pmol/l, p =0.04). Insulin secretion was higher in men than women (601 vs 457 pmol/l, p =0.02) and correlated with fasting insulin level (p =0.04). However, there was no relationship between insulin secretion and the measurements of prenatal growth in either the normoglycaemic or glucose intolerant subjects. These results argue against a major role for defective insulin secretion as a cause of glucose intolerance in adults who were growth retarded in prenatal life. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 592–596]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 592-596 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: NIDDM ; insulin secretion ; fetal growth ; programming
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Recent studies suggest that NIDDM is linked with reduced fetal and infant growth. Observations on malnourished infants and studies of experimental animals exposed to protein energy or protein deficiency in fetal or early neonatal life suggest that the basis of this link could lie in the detrimental effects of poor early nutrition on the development of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. To test this hypothesis we have measured insulin secretion following an IVGTT in a sample of 82 normoglycaemic and 23 glucose intolerant subjects who were born in Preston, England, and whose birthweight and body size had been recorded at birth. The subjects with impaired glucose tolerance had lower first phase insulin secretion than the normoglycaemic subjects (mean plasma insulin concentrations 3 min after intravenous glucose 416 vs 564 pmol/l, p=0.04). Insulin secretion was higher in men than women (601 vs 457 pmol/l, P=0.02) and correlated with fasting insulin level (p=0.04). However, there was no relationship between insulin secretion and the measurements of prenatal growth in either the normoglycaemic or glucose intolerant subjects. These results argue against a major role for defective insulin secretion as a cause of glucose intolerance in adults who were growth retarded in pre-natal life.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; impaired glucose tolerance ; hypertriglyceridaemia ; hyperinsulinaemia ; non-esterified fatty acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although plasma insulin and triglyceride concentrations are positively correlated in many studies, the relationships between insulin resistance, insulin secretion and hypertriglyceridaemia remain unclear. To study these associations, subjects between the ages of 40 and 64 were randomly selected from a general practice register and invited to attend for a standard oral glucose tolerance test for measurement of insulin, triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid concentrations. The study comprised 1122 subjects who were not previously known to have diabetes and who completed the test. Using the World Health Organisation criteria, 51 subjects were classified to have non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 188 had impaired glucose tolerance and 883 subjects had normal glucose tolerance. Triglyceride concentrations in subjects with glucose intolerance were elevated compared to those in control subjects, even after adjustment for age, obesity and gender (p〈0.001 for subjects with diabetes and p〈0.01 for those with impaired glucose tolerance compared to normal subjects). In separate multiple regression analyses for males and females, the most important determinants of the plasma triglyceride concentration were the area under the non-esterified fatty acid suppression curve (p〈0.001 in both genders) and the waist-hip ratio (p〈0.001 for men and 〈0.01 for women). The fasting insulin concentration was independently associated with triglyceride concentration in women only (p〈0.01). The most important determinant of the area under the non-esterified fatty acid suppression curve in men was the 30-min insulin increment, a measure of insulin secretion, (p〈0.001) whereas for women age (p〈0.001) and the body mass index (p〈0.01) were the most important.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Glucose tolerance ; glucosuria ; blood glucose ; plasma insulin ; growth hormone ; diabetes survey
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé 1. Les concentrations de glucose sanguin, d'insuline plasmatique et d'hormone de croissance ont été mesurées à l'état de jeûne et 30, 60, 90 et 120 min après administration orale de 50 g de glucose à trois groupes de sujets: Groupe I: tolérance normale au glucose, pas de glucosurie; groupe II: tolérance normale au glucose et glucosurie; groupe III: glycémie normale à jeun, mais sans retour de la glycémie à sa valeur à jeun, dans les 120 min qui suivent l'administration de glucose. — 2. L'influence du poids, du sexe et de l'âge sur les résultats a été analysée. On souligne la nécessité de grouper soigneusement les sujets en ce qui concerne le poids, le sexe et l'âge, lors d'une étude sur les variations de concentration du glucose sanguin, de l'insuline plasmatique et de l'hormone de croissance. — 3. Les concentrations de glucose sanguin et d'insuline plasmatique, observées dans le groupe II étaient caractérisées par une élévation précoce exagérée et une tendance à une hypoglycémie tardive. D'autres anomalies étaient présentes dans ce groupe. — 4. Les sujets non-obèses du groupe III montraient un retard dans l'élévation de la concentration d'insuline plasmatique, après administration orale de glucose ainsi que des signes évidents de résistance à l'insuline endogène. La relation entre ces faits et l'étiologie du diabète sucré est discutée.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung 1. Die Konzentrationen des Blutzuckers, des Plasmainsulins und des Wachstumshormons wurden nüchtern und 30, 60, 90 und 120 min nach einer oral erfolgten Glucosebelastung mit 50 g bei 3 Gruppen untersucht: Gruppe I: Normale Glucosetoleranz, keine Glykosurie. Gruppe II: Normale Glucosetoleranz und Glykosurie. Gruppe III: Normaler Nüchternblutzucker; je: doch kehrte der Blutzucker in dieser Gruppe bis zu 120 min nach der Belastung nicht zum Nüchternspiegel zurück. — 2. Der Einfluß des Gewichtes, des Geschlechtes und des Alters wurde analysiert. Die Notwendigkeit, bei diesen Personen Gewicht, Geschlecht und Alter bei einer Untersuchung über die Veränderungen von Blutzucker, Plasmainsulin und Wachstumshormon ins rechte Verhältnis zusetzen, wird betont. — 3. Die Blutzucker- und Plasmainsulinkonzentrationen, die in Gruppe II beobachtet wurden, waren durch einen ausgesprochen frühen Anstieg und eine Tendenz zur Späthypoglykämie gekennzeichnet. Außerdem waren in dieser Gruppe zusätzliche Abnormalitäten festzustellen. — 4. Die nicht-fettleibigen Personen der Gruppe III zeigten einen verzögerten Anstieg der Plasmainsulinkonzentration nach oraler Glucosebelastung. Außerdem ergab sich offensichtlich eine Resistenz gegenüber endogenem Insulin. Die Bedeutung dieser Befunde wird im Hinblick auf die Pathogenese des Diabetes mellitus diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary 1. The blood-glucose, plasma insulin and growth hormone concentrations have been measured in the fasting state and 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after 50 g glucose administered orally to three groups of subjects: Group I — normal glucose tolerance, no glucosuria; Group II — normal glucose tolerance and glucosuria, Group III — normal fasting blood-sugar concentration but a failure of the blood sugar to return to the fasting level up to 120 min after glucose. — 2. The influence of weight, sex and age on the results has been analysed. The need for careful matching of subjects with respect to weight, sex and age in a study of changes in blood-glucose, plasma-insulin and growth hormone concentration is emphasized. — 3. The blood-glucose and plasma-insulin concentrations observed in Group II were characterized by an exaggerated early rise and a tendency to late hypoglycaemia. Additional abnormalities were present in this group. — 4. The non-obese subjects of Group III showed a delay in the rise of plasma insulin concentration following oral glucose and some evidence of resistance to endogenous insulin. The relevance of these findings to the aetiology of diabetes mellitus is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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