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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (5)
  • Liquid chromatography  (3)
  • Environmental analysis  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single short-column liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical lonization-(tandem) mass spectrometric detection for trace environmental analysis (1996)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 42 (1996), S. 506-514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Single short-column LC ; On-column sample enrichment ; Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization ; LC-tandem MS ; Environmental analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Single short, i.e. ca 2-cm long, high-pressure-packed columns coupled with mass spectrometric (MS) or tandem MS detection enable rapid trace-level determination and identification of environmental pollutants in water samples. In this study an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) interface has been used and the overall set-up was tested with a mixture of seventeen pesticides, including organophosphates, carbamates, phenylureas and triazines. For the majority of the test analytes, the most prominent peaks in the positive-ion APCI-MS spectra resulted from protonated molecules. For fifteen out of the seventeen pesticides short-column liquid chromatography (LC)-APCI-MS of water samples as small as 15 mL resulted in detection limits between 0.03 and 5 μg L−1 in full-scan mode and between 2 and 750 ng L−1 by selected ion monitoring (SIM), both recorded in the positive-ion mode. Production spectra from protonated molecules of the majority of the selected pesticides present at a level of 0.1 μg L−1 in tap water are successfully identified from a search against a pesticide MS-MS library compiled in-house. This short-column LC-APCI-MS(-MS) approach has, on the basis of full-scan positive-ion data and their product-ion spectra, also been used to confirm the identity of target compounds and to identify unknown organic micropollutants in environmental waters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02290284
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-ion trap tandem mass spectrometric detection for the nanogram per liter analysis of trace pollutants in aqueous samples (1997)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 44 (1997), S. 372-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Solid-phase extraction ; Gas chromatography ; Ion trap tandem mass spectrometry ; Water samples ; Environmental analysis ; Pesticides ; Bromide ; Nitrite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary On-line solid-phase extraction-gas chromatographyion-trap tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-GC-MS/MS) has been used for the trace-level determination of polar and apolar pesticides. The SPE-GC interface, an Autoloop 2000, was operated at an injection temperature of 90°C which permitted the determination of thermolabile pesticides such as carbofuran and carbaryl. Rectilinear calibration curves were obtained for the analytes tested over a range of 0.1–500 ng L−1, using a sample volume of 10–100 mL for enrichment on an SPE cartridge packed with styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. The detection limits for the pesticides were in the 0.01–4 ng L−1 range. For a number of pesticides acceptable tandem mass spectra were obtained at levels as low as 0.1 ng L−1 level in real-life water samples. As a demonstration of the applicability of this technique for inorganic anions, bromide and nitrite were converted into 4-bromoacetanilide and 2-phenylphenol, respectively. The reaction products were pooled and subjected to simultaneous analysis by the present method using full-scan mass spectrometric detection. The detection limits were 0.3 and 2 ng L−1, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02466313
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preconcentration and LC analysis of chlorophenols, using a styrene-divinyl-benzene copolymeric sorbent and photochemical reaction detection (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 53-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Chlorophenols in water ; Preconcentration ; Post-column photochemical dechlorination ; Electrochemical, UV and fluorescence detection ; Column switching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A specific HPLC method has been developed for the trace analysis of lower chlorinated aromatic compounds. The method consists of an on-line preconcentration and a post-column reaction step. On-line preconcentration of mono- and dichlorophenols from aqueous samples has been performed using PRP1, a divinylbenzene-styrene copolymeric sorbent as packing material for both pre-and analytical column. Enrichment factors of over 300 were obtained compared to regular (100 μl) loop injections, even for the highly polar monochlorophenols. After reversed-phase separation, post-column photochemical dechlorination is carried out directly in the eluent stream, using a photochemical reactor. Upon dechlorination, fluorescent products are formed, which can be detected selectively. The resulting fluorescence signal shows a linear response to the quantity of solute present over 2 to 3 orders of magnitude (correlation coefficients: 0.990–0.98). For the mono- and dichlorophenols, the detection limit of the photoconversion method is in the lower nanogram range. The method is especially suitable for the analysis of complex matrices such as effluent water samples or biological fluids containing traces of the polar chloroaromatic compounds together with large amounts of other constituents, which interfere when using more general methods of detection like UV absorption. The potential of this technique for automation has been demonstrated by using a microprocessor-controlled column switching unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258869
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photochemical reaction detection of phylloquinone and menaquinones. A comparison with chemical post-columns reduction for fluorescence detection (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 15 (1982), S. 459-467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Photochemical reaction detection ; Chemical post-column reduction ; Fluorimetric detection ; Air segmented flow systems ; Non-aqueous reversed-phase chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new photochemical reaction method for the on-line fluorimetric detection of natural vitamin K homologs was developed. In addition to its high sensitivity, the method features an interesting selectivity for the determination of these compounds in a complex matrix such as human serum. The formation of different photolysis products as a function of reaction conditions, and the optimalisation of a segmented flow reaction system will be discussed. The results indicate that the method is 4 times more sensitive than UV detection, and at least as selective as fluorescence detection after post-column chemical reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02261609
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved interface for liquid chromatography/electron-capture detector coupling. Part II (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 237-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Electron capture detection ; Improved interface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An improved interface for the coupling of a liquid chromatograph (LC) and an electron-capture detector (ECD) allows the use of the LC-ECD combination for the determination of various types of chlorinated aromatic compounds. The addition of up to 6% of dioxan to the hexane used as mobile phase can be tolerated without serious deterioration of detector performance. Derivatization of polar compounds such as anilines, phenylurea herbicides, chlorophenols and hydroxylated polychlorobiphenyls with fluorine-and non-fluorine-containing acid anhydrides is a useful tool to extend the application range of LC-ECD. As an example, the analysis of a spiked soil sample is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258910
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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