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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mitral Annular Flexibility (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cardiac surgery 12 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An analysis of three-dimensional movement of the mitral valve annulus (MVA) may address the question of geometrical change after mitral valve repair to preserve mitral annular function. Conventionally, annular contraction has been studied for this purpose. We investigated this geometrical change occurring in the anterior half of the MVA and discuss its clinical significance. Three-dimensional images of the MVA during systole were reconstructed from magnetic resonance images of eight normal subjects. The posterior half of the MVA exhibited translational motion. We assume that this portion, exhibiting translational motion as well as contraction, purely follows the motion of the left ventricular contraction. Compensating for the discrepancy between the motion of the aortic root and that of the posterior half of the MVA, the anterior half exhibited a flexible change in shape during systole, thus maintaining a sufficient left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). The increase in the extent of displacement of the anterior MVA from the posterior half of the MVA during systole, which was 3.6 ± 1.0 mm (mean ± SD), indicates the annular flexibility. The preservation of annular flexibility may prevent LVOT obstruction. Further geometrical analysis of patients after mitral repair will clarify annular function as presented in this article.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8191.1997.tb00103.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new ultrasound-based method for the assessment of torsional differences following closed intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 336-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Femoral torsion ; Torsional difference ; Ultrasound ; Femoral fractures ; Anterior condylar line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. A torsional difference of more than 15° is found in up to 30% of patients following closed intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures. The diagnosis is usually established postoperatively by computed tomography. A torsional deformity of more than 15° should be corrected by early derotation. In order to enable an intraoperative control and possible correction to avoid a second operation for the patient, a new ultrasound-based method suitable for the intraoperative setting has been developed, using the anterior condylar line as a distal reference line. Design and patients. In a prospective study the torsional difference after closed intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures was measured postoperatively by ultrasound in 32 patients and compared with standard CT readings. Results. Torsional differences measured by ultrasound and CT showed a high correlation (r=0.8) and a median difference of less than ±3°. Conclusions. By the introduction of the anterior condylar line as a distal reference line femoral torsion can accurately be assessed by ultrasound in a position required for intraoperative control and possible correction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050527
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution of color and power Doppler sonography to the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic rejection, and tacrolimus nephrotoxicity in renal allografts (1999)
    Springer
    Transplant international 12 (1999), S. 127-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Key words Doppler sonography ; Acute rejection ; Chronic rejection ; Tacrolimus ; Kidney transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to differentiate acute rejection, chronic rejection, and tacrolimus nephrotoxicity with color and power Doppler imaging of renal transplants. One hundred examinations were obtained from 45 patients. Pulsatility and resistive indices were calculated from color Doppler images. The grade of renal vascularization was quantified using computer-assisted pixel analysis in a rectangular region-of-interest. The percentage of vessel-covered renal parenchyma (POV) was calculated using a histogram that discriminated renal vessels from renal parenchyma via power Doppler images. Furthermore, the distance from the most peripherally located vessels to the renal capsule (PVD) was measured. A reduced POV K 55 % proved to be the best discriminator when chronic rejection was suspected (sensitivity 79 %, specificity 87 %). Tacrolimus nephrotoxicity showed not only a moderate elevation of the Doppler signal but also an increased PVD L 3.9 mm and a normal POV. We conclude that the evaluation of renal vessels by power Doppler images improves diagnostic accuracy for patients with renal allografts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001470050197
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Kenntnis der normalen Schnittbildanatomie der Haut in der hochauflösenden Magnetresonanztomographie (1997)
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 48 (1997), S. 26-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Magnetresonanztomographie ; MRT ; Haut ; In-vivo-Histometrie ; Tumore ; Keywords MRT ; Skin ; Thickness ; Dermatology ; Tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: To characterize human skin qualitatively and quantitatively using high-resolution magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) and to compare skin thickness measurements from MRT and histological specimens. Material and Methods: The skin of 84 persons was examined by use of a 2.5 cm coil in a whole-body tomography (gradient field strength 1.5 T) at a linear resolution of 100 μm. To evaluate the ability to identify various skin structures, following an initial visual description, the signal-noise and contrast-noise ratios were analyzed and the MRT-image compared to the corresponding histological specimen. Results: Using the high-resolution coil, epidermis, dermis and subcutis were discernible. Problem areas included the cheek, distal leg and foot. Reproducible measuring of skin thickness with MRT is possible, but it does not correlate well with conventional histologic measurements.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ziel: Anhand von In-vivo-Untersuchungen war die Schnittbildanatomie der Haut hinsichtlich ihrer bislang unbekannten Erscheinung im hochauflösenden Magnetresonanztomogramm (MRT) zunächst qualitativ und quantitativ zu charakterisieren. Anschließend sollte der Wert der MRT hinsichtlich der Hautdickenmessung anhand eines Vergleiches mit histologischen Schnitten analysiert werden. Methodik: In einer prospektiven Studie wurde die Haut von 84 Personen mit Hilfe eines 2,5 cm großen Spulenkopfes in einem Ganzkörpertomographen (Gradientenfeldstärke: 1,5 T) bei einer linearen Auflösung von 100 μm untersucht. Zur Bewertung der Abgrenzbarkeit verschiedener Hautstrukturen wurden nach visueller Charakterisierung deren Signal-Rausch- und deren Kontrast-Rausch-Verhältnisse objektiviert und ein Vergleich mit histologischen Präparaten vorgenommen. Ergebnisse: Mit der Hochauflösungsspule lassen sich Epidermis, Dermis und Subkutis differenzieren (p〈0,05). Problematisch ist dies nur an Wange, distalem Unterschenkel und Fuß. Hautdickenmessungen mit der MRT sind zuverlässig möglich. Die Ergebnisse korrelieren aber nicht mit jenen der Histologie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001050050542
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time-reduced T2-weighted celebral MRI with optimized flip angles (1992)
    Springer
    European radiology 2 (1992), S. 133-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Central nervous system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was set up to see whether lowering the flip angle in proton density- and T2-weighted double-spin echo sequences allows for shortening of repetition time (TR) and imaging time without significant change of image quality. Ten patients with celebral white matter lesions were investigated with an 1.5 T MR scanner using a conventional long- TR double-spin echo sequence (TR = 2500 ms, TE = 15 and 70 ms) and reduced-TR double-spin echo sequences (TR = 1900 ms, TE = 15 and 70 ms) at flip angles of 90°, 80°, 70°, 60°, and 50°. Lowering the flip angle resulted in less T1-contrast and a relative increase of T2-contrast. At a flip angle of 70°, contrast-to noise ratios (NNRs) between lesions and brain, as well as image artifacts of the reduced-TR sequence (CNR: 22.4) were similar to the conventional long-TR sequence (CNR:21.1), while imaging time was shortened by about 25%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00171400
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of FDG-PET and CT for the staging of adrenocortical carcinoma in children (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 30 (2000), S. 306-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470050745
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gastric haemangioma: a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 29 (1999), S. 63-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002470050537
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery disease (1992)
    Springer
    Neurosurgical review 15 (1992), S. 37-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Cerebral collateral pathways ; circle of Willis ; internal carotid artery disease ; middle cerebral artery disease ; transcranial Doppler ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using noninvasive transcranial Doppler sonography, we studied cerebral collateral patterns in 30 patients with stenosis and/or occlusion of the extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA). All patients with unilateral ICA stenosis ⩽ 80% had normal transcranial Doppler findings. 80% of patients with unilateral and 50% of patients with bilateral ICA stenosis of more than 80% including those with occlusion showed a collateralization via the ipsilateral anterior and/or posterior cerebral artery. 20% of patients with unilateral and 50% of patients with bilateral ICA stenoses of more than 80% (including occlusion) had two or three collateral pathways, including the ophthalmic artery. Another ten patients with stenosis or spasm of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) showed increased flow velocities with turbulence in the narrow segment. In four patients with severe MCA disease with a systolic peak velocity of more than 200 cm/s, the Doppler waveform distal to the lesion was damped. Decreased regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measured by99mTc-HMPAO-SPECT was found in two patients with severe MCA stenosis. Another patient with moderate MCA stenosis with a systolic peak velocity of 140 cm/s showed a normal cerebral perfusion pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02352066
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging of acute myocardial infarction by magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) using the paramagnetic relaxation substance gadolinium-DTPA (1989)
    Springer
    Cardiovascular drugs and therapy 3 (1989), S. 779-788 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7241
    Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging ; acute myocardial infarction ; gadolinium ; coronary heart disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twenty-six patients admitted to the Free University of Berlin University Hospital catheterization laboratory with acute myocardial infarction were studied. The diagnosis was confirmed by angiography, but acute revascularization was unsuccessful in every case. MR imaging was performed within 7 days of the acute event in 11 patients with uncomplicated clinical courses after acute infarction. Imaging was performed within 3 weeks in three additional cases, while the remaining 12 patients underwent studies more than 3 weeks after infarction. We determined signal intensity at three points within the area of infarction and at three other points in adjacent myocardial tissue. Decreased signal intensity within the area of infarction was found in native scans in 60% of all cases. Administration of gadolinium-DTPA 0.1 mmol/kg body weight was followed by a mean 70% increase in signal intensity within the zones of acute infarction, as compared to a 20% increase in surrounding myocardial tissue. In cases of subacute and chronic infarction, there was no significant signal enhancement after administration of gadolinium-DTPA. Uptake of the substance in the area of acute infarction may be a positive marker of acute myocardial necrosis and as such may prove useful in the clinical setting.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01857631
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Washout and redistribution between immediate and two-hour myocardial images using technetium-99m sestamibi (1995)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 22 (1995), S. 49-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Technetium-99m sestamibi ; Tracer washout ; Tracer redistribution ; Exercise studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to assess whether a clinically relevant change in myocardial sestamibi activity could be documented within the first 120 min following injection (p.i.). In 17 patients planar anterior imaging of the heart was performed 5 min and 120 min p.i. During this time interval, mean decay-corrected myocardial activity declined to 77.9%±9.7% after stress and to 85.7%±7.9% after injection at rest (P〈0.05). In 19 patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease, single-photon emission tomography was performed 5 min and 120 min after injection at maximum stress. For analysis, sestamibi activity was scored semiquantitatively in six left ventricular segments. Furthermore, sestamibi uptake was assessed quantitatively using a circumferential profile method. In 35 of 114 segments the score improved within 120 min p.i. (early fillin); in these segments relative sestamibi activity rose from 69.9%±22.5% to 74.5%±20.8% (P〈0.01). In five patients this early fill-in was the only sign of exercise-induced hypoperfusion. In 7 of 114 segments the score deteriorated 120 min p.i. (early tracer washout); in these segments relative sestamibi activity declined from 85.6%±9.9% to 80.1%±10.7% (P〈0.02). In three of four patients with early tracer washout the corresponding coronary artery was significantly narrowed. In conclusion, a global myocardial sestamibi washout was registered within the first 120 min after injection. A fill-in of initial defects as well as an early tracer loss could be detected in a relevant number of patients with chronic coronary artery disease during the first 2 h p.i. In these patients the extent of detected reversible perfusion abnormality depends on the chosen time interval between injection and imaging. The results of this study suggest that exercise imaging should be started immediately after injection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00997247
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