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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Nuclear magnetic resonance ; Central nervous system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was set up to see whether lowering the flip angle in proton density- and T2-weighted double-spin echo sequences allows for shortening of repetition time (TR) and imaging time without significant change of image quality. Ten patients with celebral white matter lesions were investigated with an 1.5 T MR scanner using a conventional long- TR double-spin echo sequence (TR = 2500 ms, TE = 15 and 70 ms) and reduced-TR double-spin echo sequences (TR = 1900 ms, TE = 15 and 70 ms) at flip angles of 90°, 80°, 70°, 60°, and 50°. Lowering the flip angle resulted in less T1-contrast and a relative increase of T2-contrast. At a flip angle of 70°, contrast-to noise ratios (NNRs) between lesions and brain, as well as image artifacts of the reduced-TR sequence (CNR: 22.4) were similar to the conventional long-TR sequence (CNR:21.1), while imaging time was shortened by about 25%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 111 (1992), S. 194-202 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Postcumulus trapped liquid shift in layered complexes produces cumulate minerals with more fractionated compositions than the original primary phases. This effect is shown by olivine compositions from the base of the Mount Ayliff Intrusion, where varying proportions of olivine to interstitial liquid produce a suite of rocks which define a tight linear trend on a binary whole-rock plot of MgO versus FeO. Extrapolation of this trend constrains the composition of the primary cumulus olivine to the range Fo84–86, whereas olivine actually present have compositions Fo77–83. The magnitude of the discrepancy between the theoretical and observed olivine compositions correlates directly with the weight fraction of interstitial liquid. These observations are quantitatively predicted by the trapped liquid shift model. They also argue against significant migration of residual liquid. Trapped liquid shift is documented over a vertical interval of 60 m. It occurred in rocks lying only 1 m above the basal contact of the intrusion and hence must be a comparatively rapid process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1352-8661
    Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging ; surface coils ; MR-imaging technology ; tissue characterization ; skin ; wrist ; finger ; Achilles tendon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract To investigate the application of a mini-coil surface system for high-resolution MRI, 60 volunteers were examined in a 1.5-T whole-body scanner. Two replaceable probe heads were available: a circular 2.5-cm coil and a quadratic 5-cm coil, both of which were placed directly on the skin. The skin layers, Achilles tendon and finger joints were examined with the 2.5-cm coil and a FOV of 25 × 25 mm2. A matrix of 256 × 256 pixels resulted in a pixel size of 0.098 × 0.098 mm2. For imaging of the carpal tunnel, the 5-cm coil was used in transverse orientation. The FOV was 50 × 50 mm2 so that a matrix of 256 × 256 pixels led to a pixel size of 0.195 × 0.195 mm2. The resulting spatial resolution permitted visualization of the epidermis, dermis and subcutis, resulting in clear definition of anatomical detail of the musculoskeletal system. MRI measurement of skin-layer thickness did not correlate with histometric data (p〈0.05). This discrepancy was due in part to shrinkage of the tumor specimen on histologic preparation. Other causes include the motion artifacts and the limited accuracy of determining thickness on the MRI display unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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