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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute arterial occlusions due to accidental intra-arterial injections of diazepam (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 93-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01733075
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional surface structures on human natural killer cells (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 1189-1200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human NK cells ; NK clones ; Surface antigens, function, expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This manuscript reviews recent studies on the characterization of functional surface antigens on human NK cells. A series of cloned NK cell lines has been utilized for examination of these structures. These clones provide a relatively large number of cells with a stable phenotype and consistent specific cytotoxicity, which reflect the diversity of uncultured NK cells in normal peripheral blood. Almost all clones express the T11 antigen, some have a mature T-cell phenotype (T3+, T11+), and only one (JT1) does not reveal any T-cell antigen at all (T3−, T11+). Using NK clones to generate monoclonal antibodies specific for NK-associated antigens, two structures have been identified, NKH1 and NKH2. NKH1 appears to be exclusively expressed on large granular lymphocytes (LGL) of peripheral blood and was found to be a pan-NK cell antigen. NKH2 is also expressed primarily by LGL, but NKH2-positive LGL do not display a high level of NK activity. Another surface structure that has been found to play an important role in NK cell function is the T11 antigen/E rosette receptor complex, which is expressed in 80% of peripheral blood NK cells. The T11 antigen complex has been described as possessing the T111, T112, and T113 antigens and is an important alternate pathway for antigen-independent T-cell activation. Using anti-T112 and anti-T113 monoclonal antibodies, IL-2 receptor expression could be induced on various NK clones if they expressed the correct T11 antigenic epitope. As anti-T112/3 antibodies had a direct proliferative effect on NK cells with mature T-cell phenotype (T3+), it is proposed that the production of IL-2 by NK clones is largely dependent on the T-cell phenotype of NK cells. All NK clones expressed IL-2 receptor at low density and therefore needed a ten fold higher concentration for maximal proliferation than T-cell clones. For some T-cell-like NK clones, the T3 antigen complex and a T-cell receptor-like structure, NKTa or NKTb, have been shown to define the target cell specificity. The activation antigen, TNKTAR, was characterized as the recognition structure on the target cell for these NK cells. For both T3− and T3+ NK clones, the LFA-1 antigen has been shown to play an important role in effector/target cell interaction. As previously described for CTL, the LFA-1 molecule is involved in NK cytotoxicity as a nonspecific adhesion-strengthening molecule at the effector cell level. In summary, NK cells have been found to have a number of unique surface antigens such as NKH1 and NKH2, which can be used to identify and characterize NK cells in vivo. In addition, analysis of surface antigens on NK cells has identified a number of functional structures, such as T11, T3, NKTa and LFA-1, which are shared by T-cells and which function in a fashion similar to both types of cells. Taken together, this analysis therefore indicates that NK cells have a strong functional relationship with T-cells and supports the conclusion that these cells are derived from the T-cell lineage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01733777
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degeneration patterns of postganglionic fibers following sympathectomy (1985)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 172 (1985), S. 133-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Wallerian degeneration ; Muscle nerve ; Postganglionic nerve fiber ; Ramus communicans griseus ; Sympathectomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In cats the time course of degeneration following lumbal sympathectomy was studied in the ramus communicans griseus (reg) and in the nerves to the triceps surae muscle using light and electron microscopic methods. The left lumbar sympathetic trunk including its rami communicantes was removed from L2 to S1 using a lateral approach. The animals were sacrificed between 2 and 48 days after the sympathectomy. Tissue samples were taken (a) one cm proximal to the entrance of the rcg into the spinal nerve, and (b) one cm proximal to the entrance of the nerve into the muscle belly. In the reg signs of degeneration can already be recognized in the myelinated as well as in the unmyelinated axons 48h after sympathectomy. The degenerative processes in the axons reach their peak activity at about 4 days p.o. They end a weck later. Signs of the reactions of the Schwann cells and of the endoneural cells can first be seen 2 days p.o. They are most pronounced around the 8th day p.o., and last at least up to the third week. Thereafter the cicatrization processes settled to a rather steady state (total observation period 7 weeks). In the muscle nerves the first signs of an axonal degeneration of the sympathetic fibers can be recognized 4 days after surgery. The signs of axonal degeneration are most striking about 8 days p.o. They have more or less disappeared another week later. The reactions of the Schwann cells also start on the fourth day but outlast the degenerative processes by some 8 days. Thus the degenerative and reactive processes in the reg precede those in the muscle nerves by 2 days early after surgery and by 6 days 3 weeks later. Seven weeks after surgery, fragments of folded basement lamella and Remak bundles with condensed cytoplasm and numerous flat processes are persisting signs of the degeneration. In addition to the differences in time course between the proximal and the distal site of observation, it was also noted that both the axonal degeneration and the reactions of the Schwann cells are more pronounced in the rcg than in the muscle nerve. For example there was abundant mitotic activity in the central endoneural and Schwann cells whereas we could not detect such activity in the periphery. It is concluded that the time course of degeneration and the intensity of the degenerative and reactive processes is, to a considerable extent, determined by the distance between the site of nerve section and the site from which the specimen is taken. Many of the conflicting data in the literature can be explained by this finding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319596
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensory innervation of the Achilles tendon by group III and IV afferent fibers (1985)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 172 (1985), S. 145-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Afferent nerve fiber ; Nociceptor ; Sensory terminal ; Tendon innervation ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In sympathectomized cats the innervation of the Achilles tendon by fine afferent nerve fibers was studied with semithin and ultrathin sections. Several different types of sensory endings of group III and group IV nerve fibers were identified. Of the five different types of endings in the group III range (T III endings), two are located within vessel walls. One of them ends in the circumference of the venous vessels (T III/VV). Its lanceolate terminals have characteristic receptor areas at their edges. The second type ends in the adventitia of lymphatic vessels (T III/LV). Its receptive areas are scattered along their terminal course. Two further group III endings ramify within the connective tissue compartments of the vessel-nerve-fascicles of the peritenonium externum and internum. One type is tightly surrounded by collagen fibrils (T III/PTic); the other terminates between the collagen fiber bundles (T III/PTgc). The latter arrangement recalls the ultrastructural relation between nerve terminals and collagen tissue in Golgi tendon organs. The fifth type innervates the endoneural connective tissue of small nerve fiber bundles (T III/EN). At least some of them come into close contact with bundles of collagen fibers which penetrate the perineural sheath to terminate within the endoneurium. The endings of group IV afferents (T IV endings) show a striking topographic relationship to the blood and lymphatic vessels of all connective tissue compartments of the Achilles tendon. They form penicillate endings which may contain granulated vesicles. In any event, they can easily be discriminated from the T III endings in the vessel walls. In close neighborhood to Remak bundles, a cell has been regularly found which fulfilled all ultrastructural criteria for mast cells. But this cell is not a mast cell proper because it is surrounded by a basal lamina (pseudo mast cell).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319597
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-equilibrium ion-(polar) molecule reaction rate coefficients (1985)
    Springer
    Reaction kinetics and catalysis letters 28 (1985), S. 353-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2837
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Используя метод Фоккера-Планка приближенного уравнения Больцмана для распределения ионов по энергиям поступательного движения, определяется численно отклонение Δk неравновесного коэффициента ионно-молекулярной реакции (основанного на fI) от равновесного коэффициента скорости k(0). Зависимость используемого сечения реакции от дипольного момента ведет к зависимости Δk от μD.
    Notes: Abstract Using the Fokker-Planck version of an approximate Boltzmann equation for the ion (translational) energy distribution function fI we have calculated the deviation, Δk, of the non-equilibrium ion-(polar)molecule reaction rate coefficient k (based) on fI from its equilibrium value k(0). The μD (dipole moment)-dependence of the reaction cross section applied leads to a corresponding dependence of Δk on μD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02062964
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cognitive development in epilepsy (1985)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 234 (1985), S. 399-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Epilepsy ; Brain damage ; Cognitive development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A total of 37 children, aged between 12 and 18 years and resident in an epileptic colony, were assessed in several ways for the frequency of their epileptic discharging activity and for the extent of underlying brain pathology. In addition, the children were evaluated for their level of performance on various tests of cognitive and visuo-motor functions. The influence on test performance of the discharging activity and of the extent of pathology was then compared, taking other factors such as age at onset of the seizures, duration of the epileptic illness and level of medication into account as far as possible. Only two factors, namely certain indices of dis charging activity and level of medication, were found to have significantly influenced particular aspects of cognitive performance; it was impossible to document an influence of brain pathology statistically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386058
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass transport and energy equilibration in heavy ion collisions (1985)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 320 (1985), S. 413-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The lack of mass drift observed in Kr-induced collisions is explained assuming energy and particle transfer from the light to the heavy fragment during the equilibration stage in asymmetric heavy-ion reactions. Transferred energy and particle number can be estimated from the interfragment thermal equilibrium distribution provided the initial partition is known which we calculate within a semiclassical theory based on TDHF. The experimental findings are consistent with the theoretical predictions. In particular, the experimental mass drift as function of total kinetic energy loss is quantitatively described within a modified diffusion model which takes into account the mass exchange prior to the transport stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01415718
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acyl- und Alkylidenphosphane. XXVII [I.]. Molekül- und Kristallstruktur des Methyl[(N-phenyl,N-tri-methylsilyl)thiocarbamoyl]trimethylsilylphosphans (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 520 (1985), S. 139-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl- and Alkylidenephosphines. XXVII. Molecular and Crystal Structure of Methyl-[(N-phenyl, N-trimethylsilyl)thiocarbamoyl]trimethylsilylphosphine.Methyl[(N-phenyl, N-trimethylsilyl)thiocarbamoyl]trimethylsilylphosphine 1a formed via an addition of methylbis(trimethylsilyl)phosphine to phenyl isothiocyanate [1], crystallizes in the monoclinic centrosymmetric space group P21/n with following dimensions of the unit cell determined at a temperature of measurement of -80±3°C: a=1041.2(4);b=1706.9(12);c=1001.1(6)pm; β=106.41(4)°; Z = 4. An X-ray structure determination (Rw = 0.039) confirms the constitution of the compound as already derived from its nmr spectra. One trimethylsilyl group is bound to the phosphorus atom, whereas the other is connected with the sp2-hybridized nitrogen atom. Characteristic rounded bond lenghts and angles are: P—Si 231, P—CH3 184, P—C(S) 187, C=S 167, N—C(S) 137, and N—Si 181 pm as well as P—C—S 122°, P—C—N 117°, and S—C—N 121°.
    Notes: Das durch Addition von Methylbis (trimethylsilyl) phosphan an Phenylisothiocyanat gebildete [1] Methyl[N-phenyl, [N-trimethylsilyl] thiocarbamoyl thiocarbamoyl]trimethylsilylphosphan 1a kristallisiert monoklin in der zentrosymmetrischen Raumgruppe P21/n mit folgenden, bei einer Meßtemperatur von -80±3°C bestimmten Abmessungen der Elementarzelle: a=1041,2(4); b=1706,9(12); c=1001,1(6) pm; β-106,41(4)°; Z = 4. Die Röntgenstrukturanalyse (w = 0,039) bestätigt die bereits aus den NMR-Spektren abgeleitete Konstitution der Verbindung mit an Phosphor- und sp2-hybridisiertes Stickstoffatom gebundenen Trimethylsilyl-Gruppen. Charakteristische gerundete Bindungslängen und - winkel sind: P—Si 231, P—CH3 184, P—C(S) 187, C=S 167, N—C(S) 137 und N—Si 181pm sowie P—C—S 122°, P—C—N 117° und S—C—N 121°.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19855200117
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Existenz der Verbindung K2TiOF4: Pyrohydrolytischer Abbau von K2TiF6 und thermochemisches Verhalten von K2Ti(O2)F4 · H2OProfessor Walter rüdorff zum 75. Geburtstage gewidmet. (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 523 (1985), S. 213-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Existence of the Compound K2TiOF4: Pyrohydrolytic Degradation of K2TiF6 and Thermochemical Behaviour of K2Ti(O2)F4 · H2OIn an attempt to prepare K2TiOF4 we used the following three ways; solid-state reaction of K2TiF6, TiO2, and KF, pyrohydrolysis of K2TiF6 at 450 and 550°C, and thermal decomposition of K2Ti(O2)F4 · H2O. In each case the reaction products were mixtures of several compounds, always containing the kryolith-phase K2+xTiOxF6-x and TiO2. At 130°C K2Ti(O2)F4 · H2O forms K2Ti(O2)F4 by loss of H2O, and at 230°C the peroxogroup decomposes, yielding K2TiOF4 as main product. K2TiOF4 crystallizes tetragonally with the following lattice parameters: a = 769.7(1) and c = 1153.9(2)pm. The i.r. spectrum shows an absorption band at 810 cm-1, pointing to infinite chains of —Ti—O—Ti—O—.
    Notes: Versuche zur Darstellung von K2TiOF4 mittels Festkörperreaktion aus K2TiF6, TiO2 und KF, durch pyrohydrolytischen Abbau von K2TiF6 bei 450 und 550°C, sowie durch thermische Zersetzung von K2Ti(O2)F2 · H2O wurden durchgeführt. Die Reaktionsprodukte sind Gemische aus mehreren Verbindungen. Zwe davon, die Kryolithphase K2+2TiOxF6-x und TiO sind stets enthalten. K2Ti(O2)F4 · H2O bildet bei 130°C unter H2O-Abspaltung K2Ti(O2)F4; bei 230°C wird die Peroxogruppe zersetzt, wobei als Hauptprodukt K2TiOF4 entsteht. Dessen Röntgenreflexe lassen sich tetragonal indizieren (a = 769,7(1), c = 1153,9(2) pm). Im IR-Spektrum tritt eine starke Bande bei 810 cm-1 auf, die auf—Ti—O—Ti—O-Ketten in der Struktur hinweist.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19855230427
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acyl- und Alkylidenarsane. VI. Vergleichende Untersuchungen zur Struktur von Bis (2,2-dimethylpropionyl) phenylarsan und -phosphanProfessor Klaus Krogmann zum 60. Geburtstage, am 19. Oktober 1985, gewidmet (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 529 (1985), S. 97-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Acyl- and Alkylidenearsines. VI. Comparative Studies on the Structures of Bis(2,2-di-methylpropionyl)phenylarsine and -phosphine.Bis(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)phenylarsine 1a [19] and -phosphine 1b [20] prepared from the corresponding bis(trimethylsilyl) derivative and 2,2-dimethylpropionyl chloride, crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c with following dimensions of the unit cell determined at a temperature of measurement of -70 ± 3°C/-73 ± 3°C: a = 1449.3(7)/1468.3(3); b = 1050.0(5)/985.9(2); c = 1138.5(4)/1159.4(4) pm; β = 108.27(3)/105.61(3)°; Z = 4. X-ray structure determinations (Rw = 0.044/0.044) reveal distances of 205 and 191 pm between the pnicogen and the carbon atom of the carbonyl group which, as in similar trifluoromethyl compounds [2], are definitely elongated with respect to standard values of 194 and 183 pm. Further characteristic mean bond lengths and angles are: As—C(phenyl) 194; P—C(phenyl) 184; C=O 119/121; C(O)—C 153/154; C(O)—As—C(O) 91; C(O)—P—C(O) 95; As—C—O 120; P—C—O 120; As—C(O)—C 117 and P—C(O)—C 118°.
    Notes: Die aus den entsprechenden Bis(trimethylsilyl)-Derivaten und 2,2-Dimethylpropionylchlorid zugänglichen Verbindungen Bis(2,2-dimethylpropionyl)phenylarsan 1a [19] und -phosphan 1b [20] kristallisieren monoklin in der Raumgruppe P21/c mit den bei einer Meßtemperatur von -70 ± 3°C/ -73 ± 3°C bestimmten Abmessungen der Elementarzelle: a = 1449,3(7)/1468,3(3); b = 1050,0(5)/985,9(2); c = 1138,5(4)/1159,4(4) pm; β = 108,27(3)/105;61(3)°; Z = 4. Nach den Ergebnissen von Röntgenstrukturanalysen (Rw = 0,044/0,044) weisen sowohl das Arsan 1a als auch das Phosphan 1b Abstände zwischen Pnikogen- und Carbonylkohlen-stoffatom auf, die mit Mittelwerten von 205 und 191 pm wie in den Trifluormethyl-Verbindungen [2] gegenüber dem Standard (194 bzw. 183 pm) eindeutig verlängert sind. Weitere charakteristische mittlere Bindungslängen und -winkel sind: As—C(Phenyl) 194; P—C(Phenyl) 184; C=O 119/121; C(O)—C 153/154 pm; C(O)—As—C(O) 91; C(O)—P—C(O) 95; As—C—O 120; As—C(O)—C 117 und P—C(O)—C 118°.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19855291014
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