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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 30 (1989), S. 274-279 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: An analysis of the coherent states for the noncompact supergroup Osp(2/2N,R) is presented. In contrast to Osp(1/2N,R), both typical and atypical representations have to be considered. The measure of integration, in general, for Osp(2/2N,R) coherent states is calculated; it is then used to construct the decomposition of unity for the special case of Osp(2/2,R). It is found, however, that the typical and atypical representations of Osp(2/2,R) have to be treated separately. It is verified that the coherent states for Osp(2/2,R) are "closest to classical'' in the sense of Perelomov.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 30 (1989), S. 2714-2720 
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Some physically realizable positive discrete series representations of the noncompact orthosymplectic superalgebra Osp(4/2,R) are considered. The decomposition of these Osp(4/2,R) representations on reduction to Sp(2,R)×SO(4) is studied in detail, and the corresponding state vectors are explicitly constructed by acting with the generators on a general lowest weight state. Some examples are given to illustrate these results for particular single-particle spaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz 42 (1999), S. A311 
    ISSN: 1437-1588
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 626-633 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Varizellen ; Impfstoff gegen Varizellen ; Routineprüfung ; Indikationsimpfung ; Anwendung in Deutschland ; Key words Varicella ; Varicella vaccine ; Routine vaccination ; Vaccination of risk groups use in Germany
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background: For more than ten years, a live, attenuated varicella vaccine is available. With the licensure of a temperature stable vaccine preparation in Germany in 1994, a cost reduction from DM 510,– to DM 99.50 was achieved with a general vaccine availability independent of special cooling requirements. In the United States, in Japan and in Southern Korea varicella vaccine is already in use for routine vaccination in the second year of life. In contrast, in Germany the recommendation for VZV-vaccination is restricted to patients at increased risk for varicella complications as well as for regular intimate contacts of such persons. Discussion: In this article a short review of varicella and zoster is given, the characteristics of the VZV-vaccine are described and the options for future use in Germany are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Seit mehr als 10 Jahren ist ein Lebendimpfstoff gegen Varizellen verfügbar. Mit Zulassung eines temperaturstabilen Präparats in Deutschland im Jahr 1994 sind die Kosten für eine Dosis von rund DM 510,– auf DM 99,50 gesunken, eine generelle Verfügbarkeit ist heute gewährleistet. In den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika, in Japan und in Südkorea wird dieser Impfstoff routinemäßig und universell im Kleinkindesalter appliziert, in Deutschland dagegen wird er lediglich als Indikationsimpfung für Risikogruppen empfohlen. Diskussion: In diesem Artikel wird kurz die Varicella-Zoster-Virus(VZV)-Infektion beschrieben, danach werden die Charakteristika des VZV-Impfstoffs dargestellt. Die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten der Anwendung des VZV-Impfstoffs und deren jeweilige Folgen in Deutschland werden diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter TIVA ; Propofol/Remifentanil ; Balancierte Anästhesie ; Sevofluran/Fentanyl ; Laparoskopie ; Gynäkologie ; Key words TIVA ; Propofol/Remifentanil ; Balanced anaesthesia ; Sevoflurane/Fentanyl ; Laparoskopy ; Gynaecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Objective: This study was designed to investigate the differences between TIVA with propofol/remifentanil (P/R) and balanced anaesthesia with sevoflurane/fentanyl (S/F) in gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Emphasis was put on haemodynamic reaction, recovery profile, postoperative side effects and patient satisfaction. Methods: Sixty patients were randomly assigned to receive either total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol/remifentanil or anaesthesia with sevoflurane/fentanyl. After premedication (midazolam) and induction of anesthesia (propofol, atracurium) in both groups, either 1 µg/kg fentanyl (S/F) or 1 µg/kg remifentanil (P/R) was injected. Anaesthesia was maintained with 0.5 µg/kg/min remifentanil (reduced to 50% after 5 min) and 0.06 µg/kg/min propofol (P/R) or 1.7 vol % sevoflurane (S/F). Both groups were mechanically ventilated with 30% oxygen in air. The administration of sevoflurane and the infusion of the anaesthetics were adjusted to maintain a surgical depth of anaesthesia. For postoperative analgesia 1 g paracetamol was administered rectally prior to surgery. After recovery 20 mg/kg metamizol was given intravenously. At the end of surgery the anaesthetics were discontinued and haemodynamics, early emergence from anaesthesia, pain level, frequency of analgesic demand, incidence of PONV, shivering and patient satisfaction were assessed. Parameters were recorded for 24 h postoperatively. Results: Recovery time after propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia was significantly shorter than after administration of sevoflurane and fentanyl (spontaneous ventilation 4.1 vs. 6.3 min, extubation 4.3 vs. 9.3 min, eye opening 4.4 vs 8.2 min, stating name 5.3 vs. 13.2 min, stating date of birth 5.4 vs. 13.3 min). There were no significant differences between the groups in shivering, pain score, analgesic demand and PONV. The S/F group responded to tracheal intubation with significantly higher blood pressure than the P/R group. During maintenance of anaesthesia heart rate in patients with S/F was significantly higher (P/R: HR max +16/–10; S/F: HR max +24/–0.). Measured on a scale from very satisfied to very dissatisfied, 73% of the patients in the P/R group were ”very satisfied” (S/F 23%) and 23% were ”satisfied” (S/F 62%). Conclusion: Compared with patients given balanced anaesthesia with sevoflurane and fentanyl, TIVA with propofol and remifentanil proved to be particularly suited for gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Its major advantages are haemodynamic stability, significantly shorter times of emergence, and the exceptional acceptance by the patients.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Unterscheidet sich eine TIVA mit Remifentanil/Propofol (P/R) von einer balancierten Anästhesie mit Sevofluran/Fentanyl (S/F) hinsichtlich der Hämodynamik, des Aufwachverhaltens, postoperativer Nebenwirkungen und der Patientenzufriedenheit? Methodik: 60 Patientinnen wurden randomisiert einer Anästhesie mit (P/R) oder (S/F) zugeteilt. Nach oraler Prämedikation mit Midazolam wurde die Narkose mit Propofol eingeleitet, die Relaxierung erfolgte mit Atracurium. Gemäß randomisierter Gruppenzuteilung wurde 1 µg/kg Fentanyl oder 1 µg/kg Remifentanil i.v. injiziert und die Narkose bis zum OP-Ende entweder mit 0,5 µg/kg/h Remifentanil (Reduktion auf 50% nach 5 min) und mit 0,06 mg/kg/min Propofol oder mit 1,7 Vol.-% Sevofluran aufrechterhalten. Beide Gruppen wurden mit 30% O2 in Luft beatmet. Die Dosierung von Sevofluran, Propofol und Remifentanil wurden bei Bedarf der jeweiligen Intensität chirurgischer Stimuli angepaßt. Zur postoperativen Analgesie erhielten alle Patientinnen zu OP-Beginn 1 g Paracetamol rektal, nach Erwachen Metamizol 20 mg/kg i.v.. Bei OP-Ende wurde die Anästhetikazufuhr unterbrochen und folgende Parameter erfaßt: mittlerer arterieller Blutdruck, Herzfrequenz, Aufwachverhalten, Schmerzintensität, Analgetikabedarf, PONV, Muskelzittern und die Patientenzufriedenheit mit dem Anästhesieverfahren. Der Beobachtungszeitraum betrug 24 h. Ergebnisse: Die Patientinnen waren nach einer P/R Narkose signifikant eher wach und orientiert als nach einer Anästhesie mit S/F (Spontanatmung 4,1 vs. 6,3 min, Extubation 4,3 vs. 9,3 min, Augenöffnen 4,4 vs. 8,2 min, Namen nennen 5,3 vs. 13,2 min, Geburtsdatum 5,4 vs. 13,3 min). Die Inzidenz von PONV (43% vs. 43%) und Muskelzittern (56% vs. 37%) sowie die Schmerzintensität und die Anzahl der Schmerzmittelanforderungen (67 vs. 52) waren in beiden Gruppen vergleichbar. Der MAP war in der S/F-Gruppe nach der Intubation signifikant höher, die HF im gesamten Verlauf signifikant höher als in der P/R Gruppe (P/R: HF max. +16/–10; S/F: HF max. +24/–0). Auf einer Skala von „sehr zufrieden–sehr unzufrieden” waren 73% (P/R) der Patientinnen mit dem Anästhesieverfahren „sehr zufrieden” (S/F 23%), 23% „zufrieden” (S/F 62%). Schlußfolgerung: Verglichen mit einer balancierten Anästhesie mit Sevofluran und Fentanyl erwies sich die TIVA mit Remifentanil und Propofol als besonders vorteilhaft für laparoskopische Operationen in der Gynäkologie. Wesentliche Vorteile waren signifikant schnellere Aufwachzeiten, die hämodynamische Stabilität und die große Akzeptanz des Anästhesieverfahrens durch die Patientinnen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neurofibromatosis 2 ; Bilateral acoustic neurofibromatosis ; Ghal hamartomas ; Immunohistochemistry ; S-100 protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Bilateral acoustic neurofibromatosis (neurofibromatosis 2, NF2) accounts for less than 10% of all cases of neurofibromatosis and manifests itself with bilateral acoustic schwannomas, multiple schwannomas of spinal nerve roots, meningiomas, glial tumors and hamartomatous CNS lesions. We have observed dysplastic foci of immature neuroectodermal cells in the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia of six patients afflicted with neurofibromatosis 2, ranging from occasional clusters of immature, dysplastic cells to numerous, confluent lesions. These cells, although often polymorphic and multinuclear did not show mitotic acitivity or a tendency for neoplastic transformation. To determine the histogenesis of these foci, extensive immunocytochemical reactions were carried out with antibodies to a variety of glial, neuronal and nonneural cell lineages. With the exception of S-100 protein, no immunoreactivity was detectable. S-100 was consistently expressed in these foci, irrespective of their size, location, and degree of polymorphism. On the basis of cytological appearance, distribution and immunoreactivity we tentatively designate these foci as glial micro-hamartomas. Although we did not systematically analyze the CNS of patients with von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis (neurofibromatosis 1, NF1), the present study strongly suggests that these micro-hamartomas constitute a morphological hallmark of bilateral acoustic neurofibromatosis (NF2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: HIV-1 ; HIV-2 ; Doubtful immunoblot ; Blood-donor screening
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) in samples from blood donors are commonly detected by various enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and by confirmatory tests, e.g., “Western blot” or immunofluorescence tests. Immunoblot reactivity, which is directed only towards the HIV-1 core proteins p 18, p 24 and p 55, may represent false-positive reactions. Out of 125,000 blood donations, 140 were repeatably HIV-1 antibody reactive by ELISA; of these, 20 were doubtful positive sera with isolated p 18 and/or p24 bands in the HIV-1 confirmatory assay. Antibodies to HIV-2 are known to cross-react with these HIV-1 core proteins. We therefore assayed the 20 sera by immunofluorescence and immunoblotting for the presence of antibodies to HIV-2. None of these doubtful HIV-1 antibody positive blood donor sera was found to have antibodies to HIV-2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Iodine-125 implantation ; Stereotactic interstitial irradiation ; inoperable cerebral gliomas ; cerebral radiation necrosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Late radiation necroses constitute a hazard in low dose rate interstitial irradiation for inoperable gliomas. An incidence of 40% (8/20 patients) was found after permanent implantation of Iodine-125 seeds. This finding may even underestimate the real frequency, because follow-up of unaffected patients was shorter than in patients with radiation necrosis. The necrotic reactions caused a transient mass effect, which lead to a significant deterioration of performance scores. Further manifestations of late delayed radiation damage were observed in two patients. The occurrence of radiation necrosis was correlated with total radiation dose, amount of implanted radioactivity, and with velocity of tumour shrinkage. A mechanism underlying the development of radiation necrosis is proposed: A rapid shrinkage of tumour after interstitial Iodine-125 implantation may cause a significant irradiation of surrounding brain tissue, which was initially lying outside the target volume. Since most patients affected by radiation necrosis were children or adolescents, the risk of radiation damage should be minimized. This could probably be achieved either by reduction of irradiation dose, or by using temporary implants of Iodine-125.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 78 (1989), S. 109-128 
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The flow of a condensing gas is treated as a two-phase-flow, in which the size of the condensate-droplets may vary due to transfer of mass, momentum, and heat; the formation of new droplets is disregarded. An ordinary differential equation for the temporal variation of the amplitude of a one-dimensional acceleration wave is deduced, which holds along the path of the wave. Especially, if the wave propagates into a mixture at rest with spatial variation of the volume fraction of the droplets, the variation of the amplitude is given by the sum of three terms, one of which is quadratic in the amplitude and the others are linear. The quadratic term is solely determined by nonlinear effects in the pure gas and leads to a growth. The first linear term is given by the dissipative effect of the velocity relaxation; this term is the same as for the flow of a mixture of a gas and small solid particles. The second linear term is determined by the combined dissipative effects of the temperature relaxation and the mass transfer; both linear terms lead to a decay. Further, conditions are discussed, on which shock waves are formed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsSaccharomyces cerevisiae ; Vesicular transport ; Golgi function ; Ypt/Rab GTPases ; Ypt suppressor mutants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ras-related, guanine nucleotide-binding proteins of the Ypt/Rab family play a key role at defined steps in vesicular transport, both in yeast and in mammalian cells. In yeast, Ypt1p has an essential function late in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to Golgi transport, and the redundant Ypt31/Ypt32 GTPases have been proposed to act in transport through and/or from the Golgi. Here we report that mutant alleles of YPT31 and YPT32, whose gene products have a reduced affinity for GTP, are able to suppress the dominant lethal phenotype of YPT1 N121I . Co-expression of YPT1 N121I and the suppressor YPT31 N126I allow essentially undisturbed secretory transport in the absence of the respective wild-type GTPases. Such mutant cells massively overaccumulate 60–100 nm vesicles and are heat sensitive. It appears likely that the mutant GTPases, which are defective in nucleotide binding, compete for the binding of common interacting protein(s). These and other genetic interactions between YPT1, YPT31/32, ARF1 and SEC4 described here strongly support the view that Ypt31p and Ypt32p have a central, Golgi-associated function in anterograde or retrograde transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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