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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixture distributions fitted to instrument counts (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 62 (1991), S. 1347-1352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A technique for fitting mixture distributions to discrete and continuous instrument count data is presented. The use of the EM algorithm for performing maximum likelihood estimation is introduced and advantages over other methods are discussed. Equations are presented for fitting mixtures of Poisson distributions and mixtures of normal distributions. Examples of the fitting of these two types of mixture distribution are given, and it is shown how standard errors of the parameter estimates can be obtained from within the framework of the fitting process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142497
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angular distributions of sputtered zirconium atoms (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 98 (1993), S. 5887-5898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ion beams with energies in the range 1–2 keV are used to sputter neutral Zr atoms from a polycrystalline surface. Laser induced fluorescence detection is used to obtain angular distributions of sputtered neutrals as a function of ion impact direction, ion mass, ion energy, and spin–orbit state of the exiting atoms. About 40% of the sputtered atoms are excited. Angular distributions depend weakly on ion mass and energy. The angular distributions are fitted well by a modified form of the Roosendaal and Saunders model of sputtering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.464880
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An instrument for measuring angular distribution of sputtered neutral atoms (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 64 (1993), S. 452-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An apparatus utilizing laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) has been developed to measure high-resolution angular distributions of sputtered neutral atoms. LIF provides sensitive detection, a feature necessary to monitor the low atomic fluxes inherent to angularly resolved sputtering measurements in the static sputtering regime. The apparatus incorporates a detector assembly which rotates about the sample in an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber, allowing a large range of angular measurements at different ion beam incidence angles. Laser light is brought to the detector in the UHV chamber via a single optical fiber and fluorescence photons exit the chamber via a fiber bundle. The optical fiber and fiber bundle are mounted in a fixed orientation on the detector, maintaining constant alignment as the assembly rotates. Angular resolution in the polar plane containing the incident ion beam and the surface normal is better than 3°. Angular resolution in the direction perpendicular to the polar plane is governed by the Doppler shift and is 0.028° for 3.2 eV atoms. Overall detection efficiency is estimated to be 5×10−9 counts per sputtered atom and 2×10−3 counts per atom entering the detection volume. Initial experiments using polycrystalline Zr to characterize the device are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144215
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma protein levels in normal human fetuses: 13 to 41 weeks' gestation (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 100 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To establish reference ranges for the levels of alpha-fetoprotein, albumin, prealbumin (transthyretin) alpha-1-antitrypsin, transferrin, ceruloplasmin and total protein in the plasma of normal human fetuses and newborn babies.Design Prospective study of individual normal cases to fulfil objectives.Setting Pathology laboratories of the University of Edinburgh and the biochemistry laboratories of the University of Keele.Subjects Twenty-two normal fetuses 13 to 22 weeks of gestation and 66 babies born between 24 and 41 weeks gestation.Results Albumin is the predominant plasma protein throughout gestation. The levels of alpha-fetoprotein and prealbumin fell significantly with increasing gestation, whereas the concentrations of the other proteins studied increased. The ratios of individual proteins to total protein demonstrated similar trends.Conclusions This study provides developmental profiles of normal human fetal plasma proteins to serve as possible reference data for abnormal fetuses. Declining levels of prealbumin (transthyretin) were unexpected and suggest a functional role for this protein in early pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb14313.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of responses to floret and seedling inoculation in wheat- Ustilago tritici and barley- U. nuda combinations (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 40 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The floret and seedling methods for inoculating wheat and barley with Ustilago tritici and U. nuda, respectively, were optimized and then compared. Floret inoculation gave higher infection levels than did seedling inoculation, especially for wheat, but problems of plant mortality and standardization of tissue age were greater with the former method. Floret inoculation identified wheat and barley varieties exhibiting embryo resistance (class 1 or 2 resistance) or seedling resistance (class 3), but only class 3 wheat and barley varieties (and one class 2 wheat variety) were resistant to seedling inoculation. Using near-isogenic wheat lines expressing different levels of partial resistance to floret inoculation, positive correlations were obtained between percentage infection levels resulting from the two inoculation protocols. In addition, race-specific host-pathogen interactions such as hypersensitivity and partial smutting were expressed following both floret and seedling inoculation, indicating that these interactions operate in the developing plant. The potential value of the seedling inoculation method in fundamental and applied research into the cereal-loose smut interaction is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1991.tb02376.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Virulent and fungicide-tolerant races of loose smut (Ustilago nuda and U. tritici) in Ireland (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 40 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Following the severe outbreaks of loose smut in the early 1980s, a survey was carried out over the period l984-86of the Ustilago nuda and U. tritici populations in the Republic of Ireland. U. tritici was very rare, only one infected wheat plant being reported in the 3 years of the survey. This fungus was represented by a virulent race distinct from those identified in Britain in the 1950s. U. nuda was widespread, and two races were identified in 1984. A virulent race, capable of overcoming the recessive resistance gene present in differential variety Missouri Early Beardless, was isolated from a single crop grown from imported seed. Several crops grown from seed treated with Vitavax (active ingredient carboxin), which had been imported from France, contained a carboxin-tolerant race of U. nuda. Subsequent surveys in 1985 and 1986 failed to recover these U. nuda races. The role of imported infected seed in the introduction of new races of the loose smut fungi is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1991.tb02413.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental contamination during tracheal suction (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 46 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The extent of airborne environmental bacterial contamination which occurs following tracheal suction has been investigated in patients undergoing intermittent positive pressure ventilation in the intensive therapy unit. Two methods of performing suction, one using a conventional open technique and one using a closed system (Stericath), have been compared. Significantly lower levels of environmental contamination were observed when the closed system was used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1991.tb09858.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Omeprazole and Helicobacter Pylori: temporary suppression rather than true eradication (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 5 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Twenty-four Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-positive patients were treated for 28 days with either 20 mg omeprazole o.m. (n= 12) or 40 mg omeprazole o.m. (n= 12). Clearance (absence of H. pylori at the end of or shortly after treatment) and eradication (absence of H. pylori 1 month after cessation of treatment) were assessed using the 14C-urea breath test. Observed clearance and eradication were: 20 mg omeprazole 3/12 and 0/12; 40 mg omeprazole 6/12 and 1/12 respectively. The effect on H. pylori is probably due to the change in gastric pH from acid to neutral, however it is insufficient to recommend the inclusion of omeprazole in regimens aimed at eradicating H. pylori.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1991.tb00032.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tetracarbonyl(norbornadiene)chromium(0) at 178 K (1991)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 47 (1991), S. 1087-1088 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270190012161
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Di-μ-nitrato-bis[bis(triphenylphosphine)silver(I)], [(Ph3P)2AgNO3]2, at 178 K (1993)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 49 (1993), S. 1148-1150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270192012484
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