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  • 2000-2004  (4)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1970-1974
  • 1965-1969
  • 2000  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ scanning tunneling microscopic study of polymerization of C60 clusters induced by electron injection from the probe tips (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2834-2836 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Polymerization of C60 clusters epitaxially grown on Si(111)-(7×7) substrates was found to be induced by electron injection from the probe tips of scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) as the sample bias was increased from +4.0 to +5.5 V, exhibiting an evolution behavior characterized by an incubation, a linear growth, and a saturation. The incubation time and the growth rate are dependent greatly on the sample site, which is explained by a model taking into account the pre-existing stress as the driving force of the polymerization and the internal stress built up as a consequence of polymerization producing a stress for backward reactions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1320865
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracerebroventricular Administration of Melanin-Concentrating Hormone Suppresses Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Release in the Female Rat (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 12 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) has been reported to be involved in the regulation of feeding behaviour in rats and mice. Because many neuropeptides that influence ingestive behaviour also regulate reproductive function, the present study was designed to determine if central administration of MCH changes pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the rats. Wistar-Imamichi strain female rats were ovariectomized and implanted with oestradiol to produce a moderate inhibitory feedback effect on LH release. The effects of i.c.v. injections of MCH on LH release were examined in freely moving animals. Blood samples were collected every 6 min for 3 h through an indwelling cannula. After 1 h of sampling, MCH (0.1, 1 or 10 μg/animal) or vehicle (saline) was injected into the third cerebroventricle. Because MCH is also reported to affect the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which in turn, can influence reproductive function, plasma corticosterone concentrations were determined in the same animals at 30-min intervals during the first and last hours and every 12 min during the second hour of the 3-h sampling period. When expressed as per cent changes, mean plasma LH concentrations after MCH administration were significantly lower in the animals injected with all doses of the peptide compared with vehicle-treated animals; LH pulse frequency was significantly lowered by 1 μg of MCH. Per cent changes in mean plasma corticosterone levels were not significantly affected by MCH administration. These results in oestradiol-treated ovariectomized rats indicate that central MCH is capable of inhibiting pulsatile LH secretion. We have previously shown that 48-h fasting suppresses pulsatile LH release in the presence of oestrogen. Take together, these results raise the possibility that MCH could play a role in mediating the suppression of LH secretion during periods of reduced nutrition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2000.00482.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pirfenidone on an acute phase of anti-Thy-1 nephritis (2000)
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental nephrology 4 (2000), S. 306-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7799
    Keywords: Key words Pirfenidone ; 5-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-(1H)-pyridone ; Anti-Thy-1 nephritis ; Extracellular matrix
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background. 5-Methyl-1-phenyl-2-(1H)-pyridone (pirfenidone [PD]) has anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects. Previous reports have indicated that PD can prevent the progression of chronic kidney fibrosis in some animal models. It has not yet been reported, however, whether PD is capable of controlling acute inflammation of the kidney. Methods. The present study was designed to observe the effect of PD on an acute phase of anti-Thy-1 nephritis, a well known model for acute kidney inflammation. Male standard Wistar rats (specific pathogen-free [SPF] level), 7 weeks old (day −10, 141.52 ± 2.60 g) were divided into two groups. In group C (n = 7), 0.7 ml of anti-Thy-1 antibody was injected intravenously on day 0. In group P (n = 6), anti-Thy-1 antibody was injected similarly, and PD (500 mg/kg BW per day) was given daily by dietary intake starting 1 day before the first injection and continuing throughout the study. All rats were killed on day 7 and subjected to light microscopic and serum biochemical examinations. The degree of glomerular extracellular matrix (ECM) expansion was determined as a matrix score, using a semiquantitative method. Differences between the two group scores were analyzed by a non-parametric test. Results. The mean matrix score for group C was 87.6 ± 11.8, against 71.5 ± 12.5 (P 〈 0.05) for group P. The mean cell count for the 140 glomeruli in group C was 75.3 ± 6.1, and for the 120 glomeruli in group P it was 78.2 ± 11.6 (no significant difference). However, the possibility could not be ruled out that the degree of initial mesangiolysis in group P had been smaller than that in group C. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were within the normal range in both groups. Conclusions. It is possible that PD is capable of partially controlling acute phases of anti-Thy-1 nephritis. More detailed studies in the future will establish the validity of the short-term effects of PD on this animal model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101570070006
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of Mineralized Nodules in Fetal Rat Mandibular Osteogenic Precursor Cells: Requirement for Dexamethasone but Not for β-Glycerophosphate (2000)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 66 (2000), S. 66-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Alkaline phosphatase —β-Glycerophosphate—Dexamethasone—Mineralization—Osteoprogenitor cell.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract: We have reported that a cell population obtained from fetal rat mandible with neutral protease (Pro I) has a unique differentiation sequence in which the elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALPase), calcium accumulation, and collagen synthesis occurs simultaneously. In this report, we further characterized Pro I-released population of cells by studying the effect of dexamethasone (Dex) or β-glycerophosphate (β-GP) on the formation of bone nodules. The formation of bone nodules in Pro I-released population of cells (ProIRPC) was augmented by the addition of Dex (10−7 M) from days 3 to 14, suggesting that Pro IRPC contained osteoprogenitor (OP) cells. A 24-hour pulse treatment of ProIRPC released population of cells with Dex on days 9 and 12 resulted in an increase in the number of nodules but treatment on days 3, 6, or 15 did not. The number of bone nodules formed in Pro IRPC pulse treated with Dex on day 9 was comparable with that in Pro IRPC treated with Dex from days 3 to 14. Dex caused an earlier elevation of ALPase, in which maximal expression was observed on day 10. β-GP caused a prolonged elevation of ALPase, but did not affect the formation of bone nodules. Unlike Pro I-released population of cells, rat calvarial cells did not form mineralized nodules without β-GP, and showed that a Dex-responsive period on bone nodule formation in rat calvarial cells was at preconfluency (days 0 and 1). Thus, it appeared that the Dex-induced differentiation of early OP cells in Pro IRPCs occurred during the limited period from day 9 to day 12. Pro IRPC was found to have an unique characteristic that bone nodule formation was not affected by β-GP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002230050013
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