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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-emittance electron-beam generation with laser pulse shaping in photocathode radio-frequency gun (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1608-1612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A technique of laser-pulse shaping was developed for low-emittance electron-beam generation in a photocathode radio-frequency (rf) gun. The emittance growth due to space charge and rf effects in the rf gun was experimentally investigated with square and gaussian temporal pulse shapes. It was found that the square pulse shaping was a useful tool for both the reduction of nonlinear space-charge force and the correction of linear space charge. The normalized transverse rms emittance at 1 nC was obtained to be 1.20 πmm-mrad for the square pulse shape with pulse length of 9 ps full width at half maximum. The emittance was measured as a function of the electron bunch charge and the laser-pulse length. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1487457
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Does a magnetic barrier or a magnetic-electric barrier structure possess any spin polarization and spin filtering under zero bias? (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 3119-3121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this letter, we have clarified that there is no spin polarization and spin filtering in a magnetic barrier structure as well as in a magnetic–electric barrier structure using our explicit expressions for electron transmission probability. Our results are found to be contradictory to those of A. Majumdar [Phys. Rev. B 54, 11911 (1996)] and G. Papp and F. M. Peeters [Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2184 (2001)]. We have shown the significant spin polarization and spin filtering observed by these authors were caused by a mistake in their transmission probability. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1416167
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance and stability of the virus-resistant gene in the progeny of transgenic sweet potato (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Viral diseases of sweet potato are very prevalent and often seriously damaging to the plants. In particular, the severe strain of the sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV-S) causes ‘obizyo-sohi’ disease in Japan. In order to confer viral resistance against SPFMV using current biotechnology, a transgenic sweet potato has been produced, introducing hygromycin-resistant (hpt) and SPFMV-S coat protein (CP) genes, which have shown a significant resistance to SPFMV-S. In the breeding programme, it is important to confirm that the viral resistance conferred in T0 plants can be inherited by their progeny. In the present study, progeny were obtained from crosses between the transgenic T0 and a non-transgenic variety of sweet potato. The results showed that the CP gene was inherited by the next generation and that the stability of viral resistance was also confirmed. Thus, this production system for the virus-resistant transgenic sweet potato is useful in practical breeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00709.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-Lasting Immune Response Induced by Recombinant Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) Secretion System (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The recombinant bacillus Calmette–Guérin (rBCG) secretion system utilizing an extracellular α antigen of Mycobacterium kansasii (α-K) was characterized biochemically and immunologically. The human immunodeficiency virus type1 (HIV-1) p17gag B cell epitope fused to α-K was secreted in extremely large amounts. At least three mice out of seven inoculated with rBCG generated high titres of antibody to the epitope. The long-lasting antibody production persisted more than 14 months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-28.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    WHICH PATIENTS ARE SUITABLE FOR CONTINENT DIVERSION OR BLADDER SUBSTITUTION FOLLOWING CYSTECTOMY OR OTHER DEFINITIVE LOCAL TREATMENT? (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of urology 2 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1442-2042
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2042.1995.tb00483.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effects of the serotonin receptors on cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons (1997)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 53 (1997), S. 233-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Serotonin; ligand-gated receptor; G-protein-coupled receptor; patch-clamp; cerebral cortical neuron.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Effects of serotonin (5-HT) on cerebral cortical neurons were examined by patch clamp techniques. 5-HT produced a variety of responses such as outward (19/73 patches/neurons), slow inward (15/73 patches/neurons), fast inward (8/73 patches/neurons), and mixed currents (initially fast inward deflection followed by an outward response: 2/73 patches/neurons), with a latency of 12 sec, 15 sec, 0 sec, and 0 sec respectively, at a holding potential of −60 mV in whole-cell patches. The fast inward currents were again evoked by a selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist, 1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide hydrochloride (CPBG). In the cell-attached patch clamp configuration, 5-HT inside the patch pipette elicited single channel currents with slope conductances of 42 pS and 132 pS (4/42 patches/neurons). CPBG inside the patch pipette evoked inward single channel currents with a lower slope conductance of 41 pS (3/23 patches/neurons). In contrast, application of 5-HT or a 5-HT2 receptor agonist, α-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine-maleate, outside the patch pipette induced outward single channel currents with a major slope conductance of 140 pS (8/30 patches/neurons) or 135 pS (6/20 patches/neurons), respectively. These results indicate that the outward and fast inward currents may be mediated respectively by the 5-HT2 receptor, which is coupled to a G-protein, and by the 5-HT3 receptor, which contains the non-selective cation channel, and that the mixed type may be caused by both the 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00000596
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of glycolytic metabolites on preservation of high energy phosphate level and synaptic transmission in the granule cells of guinea pig hippocampal slices (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 213-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Hippocampal slices ; population spikes ; glucose deprivation ; lactate ; pyruvate ; sugars ; neural activity ; high energy phosphates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was undertaken to investigate whether neural activity of hippocampal slices can be preserved after replacingd-glucose with glycolytic intermediate metabolites such as lactate, pyruvate and citrate or with other sugars such as fructose, mannose, maltose, glucosamine, sucrose and galactose. As an index of neural activity, population spikes (PS) were recorded in the granule cell layers after electrical stimulation to the perforant path of guinea pig hippocampal slices. In addition, we determined the levels of ATP and creatine phosphate (CrP) in each slice after the replacement ofd-glucose with these substrates, and correlated it with the neural activity. Substrates other thand-glucose could not maintain the PS for even 20 min although the slices perfused with medium containing lactate, pyruvate, galactose, fructose and maltose maintained similar levels of ATP and CrP as in slices incubated in thed-glucose-containing medium. These results indicate thatd-glucose is essential for the preservation of synaptic activity in addition to its main role as the substrate for energy production to maintain the levels of high energy phosphates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01931098
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the potassium channel openers KRN4884 and levcromakalim on the contraction of rat aorta induced by A23187, compared with nifedipine (1996)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 354 (1996), S. 460-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words KRN4884 ; Levcromakalim ; Nifedipine ; K+ channel opener ; Ca2+ sensitivity ; Vasorelaxation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We examined the different vasodilatory effects of the K+ channel openers levcromakalim and 5-amino-N-[2-(2-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-N′-cyano-3-pyridinecarboxamidine (KRN4884), and the Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine in the rat aorta. KRN4884 (10–10–10–5 M) and nifedipine (10–10–10–5 M) produced concentration-dependent relaxation in the rat aorta precontracted by 25 mM KCl. The K+ channel blocker glibenclamide (1 μM) inhibited the relaxation induced by KRN4884 but did not influence nifedipine-induced relaxation. KRN4884 had almost no effect on contraction induced by 80 mM KCl, whereas nifedipine completely relaxed the muscle precontracted by 80 mM KCl, whereas nifedipine completely relaxed the muscle precontracted by 80 mM KCl. These results indicate that KRN4884 is a K+ channel opener. We investigated the relaxant effects of KRN4884 (10–10–10–5 M), levcromakalim (10–9–10–5 M) and nifedipine (10–9–10–5 M) on A23187 (1 μM)-induced contraction. KRN4884 and levcromakalim had a potent relaxant effect but nifedipine only a weak effect on the smooth muscle contracted by A23187. Glibenclamide (1 μM) inhibited the relaxation induced by KRN4884 and levcromakalim, but did not influence the nifedipine-induced relaxation. KRN4884 (1 μM) produced a larger relaxation of A23187-induced contraction but had little effect on the increase in intracellular [Ca2+] induced by A23187. These results suggest that KRN4884 is a specific K+ channel opener and its vasodilating mechanisms involve not only deactivation of Ca2+ channels but also a decrease in the Ca2+ sensitivity of contractile elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00168437
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of235U/238U isotopic ratio in the photoproduct UF5 by multiphoton ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 515-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 07.75 ; 33.00 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A MultiPhoton-Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MPI/TOFMS) apparatus was developed for real-time measurement of the uranium isotopic ratio in nascent UF5 formed by the 266 nm photolysis of effusive UF6 ( 〈 300 K, ≈ 1.3 × 10−4 Pa). The UF5 was selectively and efficiently multiphoton ionized by 532 nm radiation at appreciably low fluences ( 〈 10 J/cm2). The main ions observed, U+ and U2+, were subsequently analyzed with a TOFMS with mass resolution of 1190 to separate235U n+ and238U n+ completely. The isotopic ratio measurements showed good precision resulting from the excellent agreement which was observed between the isotopic ratios in UF5 products and those in a parent UF6 sample. These results suggested that the MPI/TOFMS method can be applied to the real-time analysis of separation factors in the molecular laser isotope separation of uranium by ionization of UF5 following the infrared photodissociation of UF6.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081053
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vibrational predissociation of UF6 clusters in supersonic Laval nozzle flow (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33.00 ; 82.50
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The time-dependent change in the concentration of UF6 monomers populated in the ground state was monitored in a supersonic Laval nozzle flow with an infrared diode-laser spectrometer in which the frequency of the laser beam was fixed at theυ = 1 ← 0 transition (627.7 cm−1) of theν 3 vibrational mode of the238UF6 monomer. The concentration of UF6 monomers in the ground state increased immediately after a single shot from a Raman laser tuned to a vibrational mode of UF6 clusters (614.8 cm−1) was applied to the gas in the nozzle. Subsequently, this concentration leveled off and slowly returned to the previous level. These results indicate that the population of UF6 monomers in the ground state increased as a result of the predissociation of UF6 clusters vibrationally excited with Raman laser radiation. It is demonstrated that one can utilize this procedure for vibrational predissociation of UF6 clusters as a technique to increase the concentration of UF6 monomers in an irradiation zone for molecular laser isotope separation of uranium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01112839
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