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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence extended x-ray absorption fine structure study on local structures around Mn atoms in thin (In, Mn)As layer and (In, Mn)As quantum dots (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 66-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated thin (In, Mn)As layer and (In, Mn)As quantum dots (with Mn mole fraction lower than 0.02) on GaAs(001) by fluorescence extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) in order to study the local structures formed around the Mn atoms. The EXAFS analysis revealed that in a 10 nm thick (In, Mn)As layer, the In-site substitutional Mn and the NiAs-type MnAs coexisted, while the majority of the Mn atoms were substituted in the In-sites of InAs in (In, Mn)As quantum dots. It is considered that different growth modes for the thin layer and the quantum dots affect the local structures. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1330761
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmitter-Like Release of Endogenous 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine from Rat Striatal Slices (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 50 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Biphasic electrical field stimulation (0.5–5 Hz, 2 ms, 25 V, 3 min) and high K+ (10–30 mM, 5 min) released endogenous 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) from superfused rat striatal slices. Characteristics of the DOPA release were compared with those of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine (dopamine, DA). Electrical stimulation at 2 Hz evoked DOPA and DA over similar time courses, α-Methyl-p-tyrosine (0.2 mM) markedly reduced release of DOPA but not of DA. Maximal release (0.3 pmol) of DOPA was obtained at 2 Hz and at 15 mM K+. The impulse-evoked release of DOPA and DA was completely tetrodotoxin (0.3 μM) sensitive and Ca2+ dependent and the 15 mM K+-evoked release was also Ca2+ dependent. On l-[3,5-3H]tyrosine (1 μM) superfusion, high K+ (15 and 60 mM) released DOPA and DA together with concentration-dependent decreases in tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.16.2) activity as indicated by [3H]H2O formation, followed by concentration-dependent increases after DOPA and DA release ended. These findings suggest that striatal DOPA is released by a Ca2+-dependent excitation-secretion coupling process similar to that involved in transmitter release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb02470.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Historical Factors and Recent Developments in Wastewater Treatment Management in Japan (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 5 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Japan has experienced serious water pollution problems, such as Minamata Disease (mercury poisoning) in the 1960s. Since then, comprehensive countermeasures have been implemented including establishment of a legislative framework and environmental water quality (EWQ) standards, enforcement of EWQ standards on dischargers, encouragement in the development of sewerage systems, research and technology development, and wastewater reclamation and reuse. This paper reviews the recent developments in wastewater management in this social context in Japan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1991.tb00664.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lateral inhibition and habituation of the human auditory cortex (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 19 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The goal of this study was to compare the lateral inhibition and the habituation in the human auditory cortex, two important physiological effects during auditory processing that can be reliably measured by means of magnetoencephalography when recording auditory evoked fields. Applying 40-Hz amplitude-modulated stimuli allowed us to record simultaneously the slow transient evoked and the steady-state fields and thus to characterize the lateral inhibition and the habituation effect in primary and non-primary auditory cortical structures. The main finding of the study is that the lateral inhibition effect of non-primary auditory areas as measured on the major component of the slow transient auditory evoked field (N1) is significantly stronger than the corresponding habituation effect. By contrast, this effect was not observed for the 40-Hz steady-state fields, characterizing the activation of the primary auditory cortex in humans. The results might be interpreted as (i) evidence that the inhibition mediated by lateral connections is stronger than the habituation of excitatory neurons in the non-primary auditory cortex and (ii) the processing hierarchy in the human auditory cortex is demonstrated by the different behaviour of lateral inhibition and habituation in primary and non-primary auditory cortical structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0953-816X.2004.03296.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid healing of intractable diabetic foot ulcers with exposed bones following a novel therapy of exposing bone marrow cells and then grafting epidermal sheets (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 151 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Diabetic foot ulcers with exposed bones commonly result in amputation.Objectives  To determine whether exposure of bone marrow cells and subsequent grafting of epidermal sheets accelerates healing and reduces the need for amputation.Methods  Thirty-eight patients with chronic wounds caused by diabetes mellitus were enrolled in this study. Epidermal sheets obtained from suction blisters of each patient were grafted on to diabetic foot ulcers without exposed bones (n = 10) and were compared with the standard treatment of local wound care, debridement with a scalpel when indicated, bed rest and parenteral antibiotics (n = 8). In another group of patients, diabetic wounds with exposed bones were treated either with the standard procedure (n = 9) or with a newly developed experimental procedure (n = 11). In that new procedure, the affected bone was initially exposed by debridement with a scalpel, followed by partial excision with a bone scraper until fresh bleeding was observed from the exposed bone. The lesions were then immediately covered with an occlusive dressing, and finally the wound was covered with an epidermal graft of skin harvested from suction blisters. Patients in each group were matched with their counterparts by age, sex, wound size, wound infection and wound duration, to compare the time needed for total skin repair and rates of amputation.Results  Epidermal grafting significantly accelerated the healing of diabetic foot ulcers (P = 0·042) without exposed bones, with site-specific differentiation. The newly developed combination therapy resulted in the healing of all diabetic ulcers with exposed bones without the occurrence of osteomyelitis or the necessity for amputation (P 〈 0·0001).Conclusions  Our study indicates that early aggressive debridement of diabetic foot ulcers with exposed bones down to a bleeding vascularized base and then grafting epidermal sheets significantly improves healing and reduces the rate of amputation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06170.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cardiovascular effects in rats of alpha1 and alpha2 adrenergic agents injected into the nucleus tractus solitarii (1987)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 335 (1987), S. 274-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Alpha1 adrenoceptors ; Alpha2 adrenoceptors ; Arterial pressure ; Nucleus tractus solitarii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cardiovascular effects of selective alpha1 and alpha2 agonists and antagonists injected into the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) were studied in urethane-anesthetized rats. Methoxamine (0.3–3 μg) injected bilaterally into the NTS caused a dose-dependent increase in blood pressure and heart rate. Phenylephrine (6 μg) and an imidazolidine derivative St 587 (3 μg) similarly injected also produced an increase in blood pressure, whereas a-methylnoradrenaline and an azepine derivative B-HT 920 (1 and 3 μg) caused a decrease in blood pressure and heart rate. The pressor response to methoxamine (1 μg) was markedly inhibited by prazosin (0.3 pg) injected into the same sites or hexamethionum (25 mg/kg, i. v.). Prazosin (0.3 μg) alone injected bilaterally into the NTS did not affect the blood pressure, while yohimbine (0.1 μg) similarly injected increased the pressure. These results suggest that in the rat NTS there exist alpha1 adrenoceptors responsible for an increase in arterial pressure. The NTS alpha2 adrenoceptors seem to be involved in the tonic regulation of arterial pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00172796
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ipsilateral but not contralateral blockade of excitatory amino acid receptors in the caudal ventrolateral medulla inhibits aortic baroreceptor reflex in rats (1991)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 343 (1991), S. 46-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Aortic baroreceptor reflex ; Excitatory amino acid receptors ; Caudal ventrolateral medulla ; Kynurenate ; Muscimol ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM) contains vasodepressor neurons which, when activated, decrease vasomotor tone. To investigate whether excitatory amino acid receptors in the CVLM of the rat are involved in mediation of the aortic baroreceptor reflex, we microinjected amino acid antagonists unilaterally into the CVLM and examined their effects on the depressor response to electrical stimulation of the aortic nerve which contains mainly baroreceptor afferent fibers in rats. Male Wistar rats were anaesthetized with urethane, paralyzed and artificially ventilated. To block reflex vagal effects, methylatropine (1 mg/kg) was given intravenously. Kynurenate (227 ng), an excitatory amino acid antagonist, injected ipsilaterally but not contralaterally into the CVLM markedly inhibited the depressor response to aortic nerve stimulation, while both injections produced a similar small increase in basal blood pressure. Muscimol (1 ng), a GABA receptor agonist, injected ipsilaterally into the CVLM partly inhibited the baroreflex response, while it produced a moderate increase in basal blood pressure. 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV) (10 ng), a N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, and MK-801 (30 ng), a NMDA receptor channel blocker, partly inhibited the baroreflex response. MK-801 (30 ng) injected into the CVLM reduced the depressor response to the NMDA receptor agonist NMDA (0.3 ng) but not to the quisqualate receptor agonist quisqualate (0.1 ng) and the kainate receptor agonist kainate (0.1 ng), while kynurenate (227 ng) inhibited the depressor response to all three excitatory amino acid receptor agonists. These findings provide further evidence for the presence of excitatory amino acid receptors involved in mediating the aortic baroreceptor reflex in the rat CVLM. It appears that neurons other than the vasodepressor neurons in the CVLM, at least in part, play a role in transmitting the aortic baroreceptor reflex. In addition, both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors may be responsible for the mediation of the reflex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180675
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unilateral blockade of excitatory amino acid receptors in the nucleus tractus solitarii produces an inhibiton of baroreflexes in rats (1991)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 343 (1991), S. 317-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Aortic baroreceptor reflex ; Excitatory amino acid receptor ; Nucleus tractus solitarii ; Kynurenate ; MK-801
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Excitatory amino acid receptors and l-glutamate in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) may be involved in the regulation of baroreceptor reflexes. To evaluate this hypothesis, we microinjected amino acid antagonists unilaterally into the rat NTS, and examined their effects on cardiovascular responses to electrical stimulation of the aortic nerve and on depressor responses to excitatory amino acid agonists microinjected into the NTS. Male Wistar rats were anesthesized with urethane, paralyzed, and artifically ventilated. Kynurenate (227 ng), an excitatory amino acid antagonist, injected ipsilaterally but not contralaterally into the NTS, markedly inhibited the depressor response to aortic nerve stimulation. l-Glutamate diethylester (GDEE, 3 μg), another excitatory amino acid antagonist, injected ipsilaterally into the NTS, also markedly inhibited both reflex depressor and bradycardic responses. MK-801 (30 ng), an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channel blocker, slightly inhibited the baroreflex responses, while Joro spider toxin JSTX-3 (17 ng), a glutamate receptor antagonist, did not affect them. Kynurenate (227 ng) and GDEE (3 μg) markedly inhibited the depressor response to the NMDA receptor agonist NMDA (0.3 ng), the quisqualate receptor agonist quisqualate (0.1 ng), the kainate receptor agonist kainate (0.1 ng), and l-glutamate (10 ng), microinjected into the NTS, while MK-801 (30 ng) reduced only the depressor response to NMDA (0.3 ng), and JSTX-3 (17 ng) reduced only the depressor response to kainate (0.1 ng). These findings provide evidence for the presence of excitatory amino acid receptors involved in mediating the aortic baroreceptor reflex in the rat NTS. In addition, these observations are consistent with the hypothesis that l-glutamate or a related excitatory amino acid may be the neurotransmitter of baroreceptor information in the NTS. It appears that both NMDA and non-NMDA receptors in the rat NTS are responsible for the mediation of baroreflexes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251133
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Congenital chylothorax in a trisomy 21 newborn (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 252 (1992), S. 55-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Trisomy 21 ; Down syndrome ; Congenital chylothorax
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We here report a case of trisomy 21 with congenital chylothorax. The patient was a male newborn who had been diagnosed as having trisomy 21 with congenital chylothorax. This is the fifth case of the both conditions in English literature. Congenital chylothorax is very rare in a trisomy 21 patient. There, however, may be causal relationship between the two conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02389608
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deep Levels in Bulk-ZnSe Grown by Bridgman Method (2001)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 78-79 (Apr. 2001), p. 367-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/26/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FSSP.78-79.367.pdf
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