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  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1980-1984  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction of copper metallization with rare-earth metals and silicides (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 503-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Solid-phase reactions of copper films with underlying gadolinium, erbium, and erbium–silicide layers on Si(100) substrates were investigated. For the phase analysis, x-ray diffraction and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy were used. In the case of Cu/Gd/Si(100), an orthorhombic GdSi2 formed, and, at higher temperatures, copper aggregated into islands. Annealed Cu/Er/Si(100) samples resulted in a hexagonal Er5Si3 phase. In the Cu/ErSi2−x/Si system, the copper catalyzes the transformation of the highly oriented hexagonal ErSi2−x phase into hexagonal Er5Si3. Diverse phase developments of the samples with Gd and Er are based on reactivity differences of the two rare-earth metals. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1378054
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epitaxy of orthorhombic gadolinium disilicide on 〈100〉 silicon (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 2144-2145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial orthorhombic GdSi2 was grown by in situ vacuum annealing of a 50-nm Gd layer on 〈100〉 silicon. The epitaxy was proved by x-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, and ion channeling measurements. The lattice mismatch between the orthorhombic GdSi2 and 〈100〉 silicon substrate was found to be 4%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98974
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thickness-dependent formation of Gd-silicide compounds (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 6746-6749 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Gd-silicide phases were investigated by x-ray diffraction. The results showed that not only one phase exists in a Gd thin-film and silicon substrate reactions. The first phase formed was hexagonal GdSi≈1.7, the second orthorhombic GdSi2. The ratio of the two phases depends on temperature of the heat treatment, and at a given temperature and time of annealing, a dependence of the thickness of the evaporated Gd layer was found. At ∼100-nm Gd thickness the dominant phase was orthorhombic GdSi2, at ∼250 nm hexagonal GdSi≈1.7. In the 300–1000-nm interval orthorhombic GdSi2 was the main component again. Rutherford backscattering analysis showed that the phases were found mixed within the layer. This thickness-dependent formation could be described with a simple model proposed by Gösele and Tu [J. Appl. Phys. 53, 3252 (1982)].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342006
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of epitaxial CoSi2 films on Si and on Si/Si80Ge20 (100) by reactive deposition epitaxy (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 37-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CoxTi1−x layers were deposited on Si (100) and on Si/Si80Ge20 (100) capped with 30- or 40-nm-thick Si at 650 °C substrate temperature at 1×10−6 Pa pressure. The Co–silicide films grown by reactive deposition epitaxy were characterized by Rutherford backscattering-channeling, x-ray difraction, by depth profile analysis of the components, and by sheet resistance measurements. The Ti content of the deposited Co layers was between 0.1 and 8 at. %. The epitaxy of the layers on Si and on Si/Si80Ge20 improved by increasing the Ti concentration. The minimum yield of the channeling and the full width at half maximum value of the rocking curve of CoSi2 decreased. The sheet resisitance of the formed layers was also minimal in these cases. The method applied is promising to form epitaxial CoSi2 layers on SixGe1−x substrates. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1491012
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myelin-associated glycoprotein in human retina (1984)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 307 (1984), S. 548-550 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Rat monoclonal antibodies against myelin-associated glyco-protein were obtained as a by-product of attempts to raise monoclonal antibodies specific for membrane-bound nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) from the electric organ of Torpedo californica. Rats were immunized with AChR from the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/307548a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of individual symptoms and other clinical variables with cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites and tryptophan in depression (1981)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 229 (1981), S. 345-353 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: CSF monoamines ; Depression ; Symptoms ; Tryptophan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA), and tryptophan in both CSF and plasma were measured in a carefully selected group of 33 depressed women. Strict and explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria were used, and CSF was taken under controlled circumstances. Seventeen operationally defined and uniformly rated psychiatric symptoms as well as global depression severity and 12 clinical background variables were correlated with the four biochemical parameters, using multivariate regression analysis based on Spearman's rank correlation coefficient according to the nature of the data. Global depression severity did not correlate with any of the biochemical variables; there were, however, significant correlations between CSF 5HIAA and anxiety, insomnia, and suicide on the one hand, and between CSF HVA and motor symptoms and paranoidity on the other hand. Background variables showed only a few-and much weaker-correlations. It was concluded that central monoamine metabolism does affect some particular psychiatric symptoms but is not parallel with the complex clinical construct of the depressive disease. Further studies using isolated psychopathological symptoms instead of nosological categories are suggested in clinical neurochemistry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01833162
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1985)
    Springer
    International urology and nephrology 17 (1985), S. 103-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02089409
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A survey of possible effects of long-lasting absence of solar activity on climate and some speculations on possible mechanisms (1981)
    Springer
    Climatic change 3 (1981), S. 189-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1480
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with the prolonged lack (or existence) of solar activity, such as the Maunder or Spörer minima, since considerable climatic changes barely occur within a shorter time interval. For this aim, first the possible influences of the present-day 11-yr solar cycle are considered for higher atmospheric regions, and found scarcely to be responsible for inducing climatic changes. On the other hand, solar activity-generated changes of the solar parameter in the visible spectrum are estimated too. The results of these simple considerations indicate that the external manifestations of the solar cycle hardly can cause observable change in the tropospheric weather (and so the long-lasting solar quiets seem not climatically significant), and seem indirectly to support the possibility, that the Milankovitch mechanism plays an important role in forcing the ice-age oscillations at least during the Quaternary period. Besides it can be concluded, that greater (≥ 0.1%, measured from satellite platform) solar parameter variations cannot be in close connection with the known forms of solar activity, which suggest that the possible, significant secular solar luminosity changes could be generated deep inside the Sun and/or could not be closely related to the sunspot cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00154436
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A survey of possible effects of long-lasting absence of solar activity on climate and some speculations on possible mechanisms (1981)
    Springer
    Climatic change 3 (1981), S. 189-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1480
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract This paper deals with the prolonged lack (or existence) of solar activity, such as the Maunder or Spörer minima, since considerable climatic changes barely occur within a shorter time interval. For this aim, first the possible influences of the present-day 11-yr solar cycle are considered for higher atmospheric regions, and found scarcely to be responsible for inducing climatic changes. On the other hand, solar activity-generated changes of the solar parameter in the visible spectrum are estimated too. The results of these simple considerations indicate that the external manifestations of the solar cycle hardly can cause observable change in the tropospheric weather (and so the long-lasting solar quiets seem not climatically significant), and seem indirectly to support the possibility, that the Milankovitch mechanism plays an important role in forcing the ice-age oscillations at least during the Quaternary period. Besides it can be concluded, that greater (≥ 0.1%, measured from satellite platform) solar parameter variations cannot be in close connection with the known forms of solar activity, which suggest that the possible, significant secular solar luminosity changes could be generated deep inside the Sun and/or could not be closely related to the sunspot cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02423179
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced octupole collectivity at double subshell closure in the96Zr region (1988)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 331 (1988), S. 97-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A value of 84 ± 44 ps has been established for the half-life of the first 3− state of96Zr, using the centroid shift method. It is shown that the corresponding large electric octupole transition strength is in accordance with systematics, suggesting largest octupole collectivity when both the 1g9/2 Proton and 1h11/2 neutron orbitals are nearly empty due to the Z=40, N=56 double subshell closure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01289436
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