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  • 2000-2004  (304)
  • 1905-1909  (26)
  • 1860-1869  (32)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forced extracorporeal photopheresis (forced-ECP) in Sézary syndrome (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 40 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-4362.2001.01173-5.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ernst L. Wynder, M. D., Dr. Sc. h. c. (mult.), Dr. med. h.c.-1992–1999 (2000)
    Springer
    Sozial- und Präventivmedizin 45 (2000), S. 61-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-911X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01624613
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initiation of long, free-standing z discharges by CO2 laser gas heating (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 617-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High current discharge channels can neutralize both current and space charge of very intense ion beams. Therefore, they are considered an interesting solution for final focus and beam transport in a heavy ion beam fusion reactor. At the Gesellschaft fuer Schwerionenforschung accelerator facility, 50 cm long, free-standing discharge channels were created in a 60 cm diameter metallic chamber. Discharges with currents of 45 kA in 2 to 25 mbar ammonia (NH3) gas are initiated by a CO2 laser pulse along the channel axis before the capacitor bank is triggered. Resonant absorption of the laser, tuned to the v2 vibration of the ammonia molecule, causes strong gas heating. Subsequent expansion and rarefaction of the gas prepare the conditions for a stable discharge to fulfill the requirements for ion beam transport. The influence of an electric prepulse on the high current discharge was investigated. This article describes the laser–gas interaction and the discharge initiation mechanism. We found that channels are magnetohydrodynamic stable up to currents of 45 kA, measured by fast shutter and streak imaging techniques. The rarefaction of the laser heated gas is studied by means of a one-dimensional Lagrangian fluid code (CYCLOPS) and is identified as the dominant initiation mechanism of the discharge. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1426239
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple measurement of the absolute internal quantum efficiency of thin organic films (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 7802-7804 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this article, we present a simple method for the determination of the absolute internal quantum efficiency of thin organic dye layers. The basic idea is the comparison of the luminescence of the film with the reflection of a white diffusive reflectance standard measured at one angle with a simple spectrofluorometer. The method is compared to the procedure of de Mello [J. C. de Mello, H. F. Wittmann and R. H. Friend, Adv. Mater. 9, 230 (1997)], which uses an integrating sphere. As examples, the quantum yields of films of the two perylene derivatives N,N′-dimethylperylene-3,4:9,10-dicarboximide and 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride, are determined. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373458
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of magnetic vortices in flat submicron permalloy cylinders (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1466-1472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have investigated the magnetic properties of flat permalloy cylinders by Lorentz transmission electron microscopy and micromagnetic simulations. The magnetization patterns during in situ magnetizing experiments have been imaged and they revealed that the magnetization reversal of the cylindrically shaped dots investigated is determined by the formation and annihilation of magnetic vortices. Furthermore, the experiments and micromagnetic simulations showed a dependence of the vortex annihilation field not only on the aspect ratio but also on the absolute thickness of the cylinders. The diameter of the cylindrical dots was varied between 150 and 1000 nm, and the thicknesses were 3, 5.5, 8.3, 15, and 20 nm, respectively. The formation of inhomogeneous magnetization patterns prior to vortex evolution was observed and by a comparison of the experimental to simulated Fresnel images these patterns can be identified as S- and C-like states. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1490623
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gold elliptical nanoantennas as probes for near field optical microscopy (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 92 (2002), S. 1078-1083 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We investigate the light scattering by individual nanometer-sized gold particles attached at the apex of fiber-based probes for near field optical microscopy. The dependence of the light scattering by the gold nanoparticle on the wavelength, the shape, and the surrounding medium dielectric profile are theoretically described and experimentally investigated, demonstrating that the tuning of the particle's size and shape plays a crucial role in the light scattering process. In the case of gold spherical nanostructures, the plasmon resonance occurs at 540 nm in air, and 600 nm in water. A higher surrounding medium refraction index leads to a redshift of the plasmon resonance in the gold particle. Moreover, for elliptical structures, the orientation of the polarization of the incident field, as well as the relative ratio of the ellipse dimensions along its main axis, govern the position of the plasmon resonances. The light transmission spectrum for several probes where a single elliptical gold particle has been grafted exhibits at least one resonance in the range 600–650 nm. Surface plasmon resonances are of importance for the field enhancement at the end of the modified tip, thus leading to improvement of the achievable resolution for near field optical microscopy. An optimized design of the metallic nanostructure deposited at the apex of the near field probe is needed to maximize the resonance and would therefore lead to a high-performance probe for scanning near field optical microscopy. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1487918
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-pathlength, high-pressure flow cell for static and time-resolved infrared spectroscopy suitable for supercritical fluid solutions including hydrothermal systems (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 1552-1556 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An optical flow cell for high pressures and temperatures is described. The use of a novel window design allows for a precise, fixed optical pathlength that can be varied by use of spacers that range from a few micrometers to several millimeters. The cell pathlength is not affected by changes in pressure or temperature. The novel window design may be applicable to other high-pressure spectroscopic cells. The flow-cell design has a minimal sample dead volume, which is important for kinetic studies. The design eliminates the need for brazing or for a soft-sealing material for the optical windows, thereby minimizing the number of materials in contact with the sample. Using only diamond and platinum or platinum alloys as the corrosion resistant materials, the design is optimized for the study of aqueous solutions at high temperatures. Infrared spectra of an aqueous sodium tungstate solution up to 400 °C and 380 bar pressure are presented. Time-resolved infrared data are also presented for the ultraviolet photolysis reaction of β-naphthoyl azide in supercritical carbon dioxide. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150493
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increase in glutamate-induced neurotoxicity by activated astrocytes involves stimulation of protein kinase C (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 82 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Activation of astrocytes is a common feature of neurological disorders, but the importance of this phenomenon for neuronal outcome is not fully understood. Treatment of mixed hippocampal cultures of neurones and astrocytes from day 2–4 in vitro (DIV 2–4) with 1 µm cytosine arabinofuranoside (AraC) caused an activation of astrocytes as detected by a stellate morphology and a 10-fold increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) level compared with vehicle-treated cultures. After DIV 12, we determined 43% and 97% damaged neurones 18 h after the exposure to glutamate (1 mm, 1 h) in cultures treated with vehicle and AraC, respectively. Dose–response curves were different with a higher sensitivity to glutamate in cultures treated with AraC (EC50 = 0.01 mm) than with vehicle (EC50 = 0.12 mm). The susceptibility of neurones to 1 mm glutamate did not correlate with the percentage of astrocytes and was insensitive to an inhibition of glutamate uptake. In cultures treated with vehicle and AraC, glutamate-induced neurotoxicity was mediated through stimulation of the NR1-NR2B subtype of NMDA receptors, because it was blocked by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 and the NR1-NR2B selective receptor antagonist ifenprodil. Protein levels of the NR2A and NR2B subunits of NMDA receptor were similar in cultures treated with vehicle or AraC. AraC-induced changes in glutamate-induced neurotoxicity were mimicked by activation of protein kinase C (PKC), whereas neuronal susceptibility to glutamate was reduced in cultures depleted of PKC and treated with AraC suggesting that the increase in glutamate toxicity by activated astrocytes involves activation of PKC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00994.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential capacities of the RGS1, RGS16 and RGS–GAIP regulators of G protein signaling to enhance α2A-adrenoreceptor agonist-stimulated GTPase activity of Go1α (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 78 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Recombinant RGS1, RGS16 and RGS–GAIP, but not RGS2, were able to substantially further stimulate the maximal GTPase activity of Go1α promoted by agonists at the α2A-adrenoreceptor in a concentration-dependent manner. Kinetic analysis of the regulation of an α2A-adrenoreceptor–Go1α fusion protein by all three RGS proteins revealed that they had similar affinities for the receptor–G protein fusion. However, their maximal effects on GTP hydrolysis varied over threefold with RGS16 〉 RGS1 〉 RGS–GAIP. Both RGS1 and RGS16 reduced the potency of the α2A-adrenoreceptor agonist adrenaline by some 10-fold. A lower potency shift was observed for the partial agonist UK14304 and the effect was absent for the weak partial agonist oxymetazoline. Each of these RGS proteins altered the intrinsic activity of both UK14304 and oxymetazoline relative to adrenaline. Such results require the RGS interaction with Go1α to alter the conformation of the α2A-adrenoreceptor and are thus consistent with models invoking direct interactions between RGS proteins and receptors. These studies demonstrate that RGS1, RGS16 and RGS–GAIP show a high degree of selectivity to regulate α2A-adrenoreceptor-activated Go1α rather than Gi1α, Gi2α or Gi3α and different capacities to inactivate this G protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00479.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transvenous Defibrillation Leads: High Incidence of Failure During Long-Term Follow-Up (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiovascular electrophysiology 14 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8167
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Implantable Defibrillator Lead Failure. Introduction: Patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) critically depend on correct functioning of their system. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and clinical presentation of transvenous ICD lead failures during long-term follow-up. Methods and Results: The study group consisted of 261 consecutive patients who received Medtronic right ventricular polyurethane transvenous leads (models 6884, 6966, 6936) between 1990 and 1998 as part of an abdominal (n = 70) or pectoral (n = 191) ICD system. During mean follow-up of 4.0 ± 2.6 years , 31 patients (12%) developed a lead-related sensing failure with oversensing of artifacts. All failures except two were compatible with an insulation defect and occurred late after ICD placement ( 6.0 ± 1.8 years after implant). Lead survival decreased from 98% at 4-year follow-up to only 62% at 8-year follow-up. Lead survival was not related to patient age, sex, venous lead implantation route, or device implantation site. In 26 (87%) of 31 patients, a sensing defect resulted in inappropriate detection of ventricular fibrillation and subsequent delivery of 3 ± 3 (range 1–11) inappropriate shocks in 19 (61%) of 31 patients. Device interrogation showed artifacts classified as nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in 21 patients, 40 ± 43 days before clinically relevant failure of the system. One patient with a subclavian crush syndrome required resuscitation because of undersensing of true ventricular fibrillation. Conclusion: Transvenous polyurethane ICD leads showed a high rate of lead insulation failure late after implantation with frequent inappropriate shock deliveries. Close follow-up is mandatory in patients with these leads. Automated device control features with patient alert function integrated into new devices may contribute to early detection of lead failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8167.2003.02305.x
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