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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preferential ion scattering from 6H-SiC: Identification of the substitutional site of the implanted Ga impurities (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 61-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The substitutional site of the implanted Ga impurity in (11¯00)-oriented 6H-SiC has been investigated using the preferential scattering effect of He ions. The Si and C monoatomic strings are preferentially observed by the angular scans across 〈11¯00〉 axial channels parallel to (112¯0) plane. Ga ions are implanted at an energy of 400 keV to a dose of 5×1015/cm2 through 200-nm-thick SiO2 at room temperature. In the samples annealed at 1200 °C for 30 min, the implanted Ga impurities in SiC are located preferentially on the Si sublattice sites rather than on the C sublattice sites in 6H-SiC. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1330241
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dermal fibroblasts are one of the therapeutic targets for topical application of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3: the possible involvement of transforming growth factor-β induction (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 143 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Transforming growth factor (TGF) -β has been suggested to be an effective inhibitor for abnormal keratinocyte growth in psoriasis. As a majority of the secreted TGF-β are biologically latent complexes, activation is essential for TGF-β-mediated cellular responses in vitro and in vivo. Objectives Here we report the response of the TGF-β regulation system to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25(OH)2D3], an active vitamin D3 analogue Patients/methods We studied two types of fibroblasts derived from normal and psoriatic lesional skin, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Northern blotting techniques. Results 1,25(OH)2D3 caused a dose-dependent induction of latent and active TGF-β1 proteins in both cell cultures. The increases were significant over 72 h, but not within 48 h after stimulation. The time course of TGF-β1 mRNA expression showed a biphasic response consisting of early (≈1 h) and late phases (≈ 96 h) of induction. Concomitant increases of TGF-β2 and -β3, other mammalian isoforms , were observed in the 1,25(OH)2D3-treated cells, but the kinetics were all different. Co-incubation with metabolic inhibitors, actinomycin D and cycloheximide, revealed that the early induction of TGF-β1 mRNA by 1,25(OH)2D3 is dependent on de novo RNA synthesis, but not on RNA stabilization or protein synthesis. It seems likely to be a transient and negligible response given the absence of TGF-β1 protein production. The late induction of TGF-β1 mRNA was partially blocked by adding isoform-specific antibodies to TGF-β1, -β2 and -β3, indicating TGF-β autoregulation. Despite these marked responses, there were no significant differences in the TGF-β expression between normal and psoriatic fibroblasts. Conclusions These results suggest that antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on psoriatic lesional skin may be mediated, at least in part, by a complex TGF-β regulation in local dermal fibroblasts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03880.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facial distribution of subcutaneous fat in women (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 26 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: There is great interest in the cosmetic field in improving the shape of the face, which is determined by the amount of bone, muscle and subcutaneous fat. We examined the amount of facial subcutaneous fat in healthy women by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and investigated the distribution of fat in relation to the body shape. A total of 38 healthy women; 10 lean, 18 normal and 10 obese subjects, were examined by cephalometric MRI to obtain T1-weighted images, by which fat regions can be clearly observed. The area of subcutaneous fat was greater in obese subjects than in normal subjects, and was decreased in lean subjects. At 45 measured points, the thickness of subcutaneous fat was greater in the cheek near the nose independently of the body shape, and the surface of the masseter muscle and lower jaw increased according to the body mass index (BMI). This research suggested that there are two types of regions, one type maintains fat mass and the other type increases with BMI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00231_4.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retinoic acid disintegrated desmosomes and hemidesmosomes in stratified oral keratinocytes (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 33 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Although it is known that retinoic acid (RA) regulates the cellular differentiation of skin keratinocytes, the effects of RA on the anchoring junction have not been clarified. The effects of all-trans RA on cell–cell and cell–matrix connections of gingival epithelial (GE)1 cells in a multilayered culture were investigated.Methods:  Ultrastructures of GE1 cells were observed and immunohistochemistry was used to detect keratin 4, keratin 13, and desmoglein expression. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect expression of desmosome and hemidesmosome-associating adhesion molecules, keratin 13, and keratin14.Results:  Retinoic acid caused immunohistochemical diminution of keratin 4, keratin 13, and desmoglein. Ultrastructurally, RA induced drastic loss of typical desmosomes and complete loss of hemidesmosomes. RA significantly decreased the transcript levels of keratin 13, keratin 14, desmoglein 1, and desmocollin 1 in a dose-dependent manner. The 230-kD bullous pemphigoid antigen (BPAG1) gene expression was also reduced by RA, whereas transcript levels of integrin α6, integrin β4, the 180-kD bullous pemphigoid antigen (BPAG2), and laminin 5 were not affected.Conclusion:  These results indicated that RA disintegrated not only desmosomes by depriving the cells of desmoglein 1, desmocollin 1, keratin 13, and keratin 4, but also hemidesmosomes by reducing the expression of BPAG1 and keratin 14 in basal keratinocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00245.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment of gingival epithelial cell lines from transgenic mice harboring temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene (2001)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 30 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: We established two gingival epithelial cell lines (GE1 and GE6), originating from transgenic mice harboring the temperature-sensitive simian virus 40 large T-antigen gene. GE1 and GE6 grew at a permissive temperature (33°C) in a pavement arrangement and solely formed multilayers that exhibited morphological features similar to those of the stratified oral epithelium, with neither the use of stromal equivalents nor feeder layers. Both GE cells underwent apoptosis at a non-permissive temperature (39°C). Characteristic keratin peptides, keratin 4 and 13, for mucosal epithelium were obviously expressed in the suprabasal cells, and keratohyalin granules and involucrin were present in the surface flat cells in the multilayered culture. Keratin 10 (one of the markers for higher keratinized gingival epithelium) was rarely found in some uppermost cells, and filaggrin (a component of keratohyalin granules) appeared sparsely in uppermost desquamating cells in the older cultures. These observations indicated that GE1 and GE6 cells exhibited the phenotype characterizing nonkeratinized sulcular epithelium, which possessed the potency undergoing keratinization in such highly stratified cultures as oral gingival epithelium. GE cells increased the expression levels of mRNA of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α by the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide and extracellular substances of oral streptococci. The GE cell lines thus could serve as an excellent experimental system for further studies on the physiology of gingival epithelium and corresponding diseases, such as periodontal disease, epithelial hyperplasia, and gingival tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0714.2001.300507.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pigmented ameloblastic fibrodentinoma: a novel melanin-pigmented intraosseous odontogenic lesion (2000)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 437 (2000), S. 454-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Keywords Melanocyte ; Melanin pigment ; Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma ; Odontogenic tumor ; Intra-osseous lesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  This paper reports about an ameloblastic fibrodentinoma with macroscopically visible pigmentation, resulting in the clinical appearance of a melanotic lesion in a 21-year-old Japanese male. In addition to the characteristic histopathologic features of ameloblastic fibrodentinoma, various-formed and -sized cells, which were considered to be melanophages containing numerous aggregates of melanin pigment in their cytoplasm, were densely distributed throughout the mesenchymal component. In addition, melanin pigment was deposited in dentin. Some of the pigmented cells showed dendritic form and were regarded as melanocytes. Furthermore, pigmented cells were frequently distributed in the epithelial component, and melanin pigment was seen in some epithelial cells. Perusal of the English language literature revealed 30 cases of pigmented odontogenic tumors: 18 were calcifying odontogenic cysts, three were ameloblastic fibro-odontomas, three were adenomatoid odontogenic tumors, two were odontomas, one was an ameloblastic fibroma and one was an odontogenic fibroma. However, all of these reported lesions did not show macroscopically visible pigmentation. The possible histogenesis of melanocytes in the odontogenic lesions is discussed, although no firm conclusion could be drawn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004280000249
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Immunohistochemical Localization of Fas and Fas Ligand in Jaw Bone and Tooth Germ of Human Fetuses (2000)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 66 (2000), S. 330-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 — Tooth germ — Fas — Fas ligand — Development.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The cellular localization and roles of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and apoptosis-associating factors in human orofacial development remain unclear. In this study, BMP-2, osteocalcin, and TGF-β, which are bone-differentiating markers, apoptosis-associating factors (i.e., Bcl-2, Bax, Fas, and Fas ligand), apoptotic cells detected by the in situ 3′-end labeling method (TUNEL), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were immunohistochemically examined in the heads (in particular, the jaw bone and tooth germs) of human fetuses of 11-week pregnancy. BMP-2 was positive in osteoblasts and newly formed osteoid of the incisive and palatal bone of the maxilla and the mandible, which indicated that BMP-2 was exclusively involved in intramembranous ossification in the human fetal head. Fas was positive in the cytoplasm of osteocytes and a few osteoblasts. In contrast, Fas ligand was positive in the cytoplasm of osteoblasts and abundant in the stroma of the osteoblastic layer, periosteum, and perichondrium. The Fas ligand in the stroma was recognized as the soluble form, which was possibly produced by osteoblasts. TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells were found in a few osteocytes and a few osteoblastic cells in new bone, and in monocytes of degenerate Meckel's cartilage. The induction of apoptosis observed in monocytes seems to be caused via a Fas-Fas ligand cell death system, because some of these monocytes were Fas-positive, and most of them were Fas ligand-positive. Interestingly, the abundant soluble Fas ligand observed in the periosteum probably protects the bone-formative zone from the invasion of the activated lymphocytes by binding to Fas expressing in these lymphocytes and killing these cells. Fas and Fas ligand were focally positive in the dental lamina and inner enamel epithelium and cusps of the enamel organ, nevertheless, the presence of TUNEL-positive cells was very rare. Bcl-2 was clearly and Bax was weakly positive in the cells throughout the dental lamina and enamel organ. These findings indicated that Fas-mediated apoptosis was inhibited by the Bcl-2 family in the development of teeth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002230010069
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Powder design for UV-attenuating agent with high transparency for visible light (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 35 (2000), S. 4025-4029 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract To design high-performance ultraviolet (UV)-attenuating agent for dispersion type of functional paints and/or cosmetic powders, nano-meter size of zinc oxide (ZnO) powder was immobilized onto the surface of 4 μm square size of crystalline sheet (H-ilerite: synthetic polysilicic acid (PSA)). A high-speed elliptical-rotor-type powder mixer (HEM) was applied for exfoliating in a sheet one by one from the PSA agglomerates without breakage of the original shape and for arranging the ZnO in the mono-particle layer on the sheet during dispersing the self-coagulative ultra-fine ZnO. The critical operating conditions of the HEM were determined by an observation of the morphological change of PSA. Optical characteristics of the compounded powder (ZnO-PSA) were evaluated in the form of suspension dispersed into polymer medium. The UV-attenuating effect was confirmed in the UVA region (320–400 nm) and the heat treatment after immobilization was one of the effective methods to get higher transparency for visible light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004826002503
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