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  • 1995-1999  (1,427)
  • 1990-1994  (1,415)
  • 1970-1974  (587)
  • 1920-1924  (283)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 7461-7471 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The understanding of the phenomena of ferroelectricity requires profound knowledge of the ferroelectric domain structure. In this paper we report on the progress of studying ferroelectric domains and domain walls with scanning force microscopy (SFM). Domains and domain walls of ferroelectric crystals of guanidinium aluminum sulfate hexahydrate (GASH) are imaged with SFM. Two sets of complementary results are obtained depending on the operation mode of the instrument. In the non-contact imaging mode (attractive force regime), domain walls are imaged. In the contact imaging mode (repulsive force regime) in addition to the domain wall structure, information about the polarity of the domains is obtained. In these latter images, the opposing contrast of the ferroelectric positive and negative domains is superimposed on the GASH cleavage structure. The imaging mechanism of the contact and noncontact modes are discussed. Corroborating scanning electron microscopy images are presented as well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 43 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . In vitro excystation of Spironucleus muris cysts, purified by sequential sucrose and Percoll gradients from mouse feces, was studied. Three in vitro excystation procedures, used for Giardia, were assessed to determine the most useful method. Excystation was monitored by light microscopy and subsequently characterized by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Spironucleus muris excysted routinely at a level greater than 90% when induced in Hanks’ balanced salt solution containing sodium bicarbonate at pH 2.0 and transferred to Tyrodes’ salt solution as an excystation medium. Similarly, high rates of excystation were recorded after induction of S. muris cysts in 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) with sodium bicarbonate and excystation in trypticase-yeast extract-iron medium (TYI medium) or phosphate-buffered saline. A lower rate and percentage of excystation were observed after induction of S. muris cysts in an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution (pH 2.0) followed by excystation in TYI medium. All excystation methods produced extremely active S. muris trophozoites with normal morphology. Nonexcysting S. muris cysts have a wall composed of an outer fibrous and an inner membranous portion. Following induction, numerous vesicles appeared in the peritrophic space. Excystation began by the cyst wall opening at one pole, and the anterior part of the trophozoite protruding from the cyst wall. The trophozoite emerged progressively from the cyst wall and the empty cyst wall appeared to collapse. Excysted trophozoites exhibited normal morphological features of S. muris trophozoites isolated from the mouse intestine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Chemistry of materials 4 (1992), S. 1157-1168 
    ISSN: 1520-5002
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 13 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) has been suspected of playing an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, and has become a target for the treatment of these diseases. Open-label, placebo controlled studies have shown that engineered CDP571 and chimeric anti-TNF antibody (cA2) provide a significant benefit in Crohn’s disease. Since these antibodies have to be used repeatedly to maintain remission in inflammatory bowel disease, there is a concern that their use may compromise host defence and produce toxic side-effects.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:We evaluated the combined use of mouse specific TNFα mab (25 μg/mouse, Endogen) and pentoxifylline (PF, 100 mg/kg/day, p.o., TNFα release inhibitor) in the DSS (3% dextran sulphate solution) model of mouse colitis. Colitis was induced by the feeding of 3% DSS for three cycles. The study groups were: Group I: single injection of rat anti-mouse IgG, Group II: single injection of TNFα mab, Group III: daily PF for three cycles, Group IV: single injection of TNFα mab + PF for three cycles, Group V: TNFα mab at the beginning of each cycle (three injections) and Group VI: TNFα mab (three injections) + daily PF for three cycles. Daily disease activity (DAI) was measured throughout the study. At the end of each cycle, colon tissue was processed for histology, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and plasma TNFα.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:Mice treated with a single injection of TNFα alone or TNFα mab + PF showed significantly lower DAI, inflammation scores and ulcer index compared with the IgG treated group. Mice treated with TNFα mab + PF had no ulcers. Multiple injections of TNFα mab or TNFα mab + PF showed greater inhibition in DAI and cytokines in the first two cycles. However, in the third cycle, multiple injections of TNFα mab showed adverse proinflammatory effects.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion:The simultaneous administration of pentoxifylline and TNFα mab may enhance therapeutic outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease and reduce the side-effects associated with the repeated use of TNFα mab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The Geneva risk and insurance review 23 (1998), S. 29-40 
    ISSN: 1554-9658
    Keywords: background risk ; stochastic dominance ; coinsurance ; deductibles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The demand for insurance against loss from a particular risky asset is likely to depend on other risks the decision-maker faces. For independently distributed other risks, referred to as background risk, Eeckhoudt and Kimball [1992] determine the effect on insurance demand of introducing background risk. Recently, Eeckhoudt, Gollier, and Schlesinger [1996] determine conditions on preferences such that first- and second-degree stochastic deteriorations in background risk lead to a decrease in the decision-maker's willingness to accept other risks. These results, although formulated in a general decision model, also apply to insurance demand. This article continues analysis of this question by determining the effect on insurance demand of several other general changes in background risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1436-3771
    Keywords: Key words Polyacid-modified resin ; Hybrid composite ; Deciduous molars
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this prospective study, conducted in a dental practice was to evaluate the success rate of a hybrid composite material (TPH-Spectrum; Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany) and a polyacid-modified composite resin (Compoglass; Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) in Class II restorations in primary molars after 1 year. A total of 190 restorations (96 with TPH-Spectrum and 94 with Compoglass) were inserted in 52 children. TPH-Spectrum was applied using the total etching technique, whereas Compoglass was inserted without acid etching prior to application of the bonding adhesive. The restorations were assessed according to the Ryge criteria, directly after placement and after 1 year. After 12 months, 6.4% of the Compoglass and 3.1% of the TPH-Spectrum restorations were clinically unacceptable and had to be renewed. The fillings with Compoglass revealed a tendency to lower evaluation scores with respect to color matching, cavosurface discoloration, anatomic form, margin integrity and caries assessment than the restorations with TPH-Spectrum. However, these differences were statistically not significant. The results of the present investigation show that, at least for a period of 1 year, both the hybrid composite TPH-Spectrum and the polyacid-modified composite resin Compoglass are suitable materials for restoration of deciduous molars. However, owing to the fewer treatment steps required for application of a polyacid-modified composite resin, this type of material may be more favorable for restoring primary molars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 2 (1923), S. 940-947 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 3 (1924), S. 1796-1799 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Es wird über einen frischen Fall von Diabetes insipidus berichtet, der vom Augenblick der Entstehung bis zu seinem Verschwinden genau untersucht werden konnte. 2. Der autoptische Befund ergab die völlige Zerstörung des Hypophysenhinterlappens und des infundibularen Anteils, sowie die Durchsetzung eines großen Teils des Zwischenhirns mit Tumorgewebe. 3. Die Analyse des Wasser- und Salzhaushaltes ergab eine rein renale Störung. Es bestand bei ihm Temperatursteigerung und Hyperglykämie, der NaCl-Gehalt des Blutes war erniedrigt. Aus dem Durstversuch und der NaCl-Belastung ergab sich eine primäre Konzentrationsschwäche der Niere ohne Gewebsstörung. Pituglandol war ohne Erfolg. 4. Im Zusammenhang mit einem früher beschriebenen traumatischen Fall wird geschlossen, daß die bei gewissen Formen von chronischem Diabetes insipidus neben der Nierenstörung bestehende Gewebsstörung sekundärer Natur ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 2 (1923), S. 2228-2230 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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