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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid amplification of a retrotransposon subfamily is evolving the mouse genome (1998)
    [s.l.] : Nature America Inc.
    Nature genetics 20 (1998), S. 288-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Retrotransposition affects genome structure by increasing repetition and producing insertional mutations. Dispersion of the retrotransposon L1 throughout mammalian genomes suggests that L1 activity might be an important evolutionary force. Here we report that L1 retrotransposition contributes ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/3104
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Texture study of magnetically aligned YBa2Cu3O7-type materials by neutron diffraction (1989)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 22 (1989), S. 465-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The crystallite orientation distributions of three magnetically aligned samples: YBa2Cu3O6 aligned in the tetragonal phase followed by oxidation for orthorhombic conversion, orthorhombic YBa2Cu3O7, and orthorhombic HoBa2Cu3O7, were studied by neutron pole-figure measurements. Each had a fiber texture with the c axis parallel to the applied-magnetic field direction. The orientation distributions could be described quite satisfactorily with Lorentzian or March distribution functions. The sample aligned in the tetragonal phase had distinctly better alignment than that aligned in the orthorhombic phase, with FWHMs of 19.3 (3) and 37.8 (7)°, respectively. The contour lines of the pole figures showed irregularities owing to the presence of coarse grains in the samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S002188988900628X
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene therapy for glioblestome multiforme: in vivo tumor transduction with the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene followed by ganciclovir (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 75 (1997), S. 300-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050116
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative DNA-Analyse an 128 Mammakarzinom-Gewebsproben (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 245 (1989), S. 661-662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02417485
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuronavigation Computerassistierte Neurochirurgie (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 517-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Neuronavigation ; Computer-assistierte Neurochirurgie ; Bildgestütztes Operieren ; Rahmenlose Stereotaxie ; Gliomchirurgie ; Key words Neuronavigation ; Computer-assisted neurosurgery ; Image-guided surgery ; Frameless stereotaxy ; Glioma surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The use of stereotactic methods for the resection of subcortical lesions is heavily advoacted in clinical neurosurgery introducing the term „neuronavigation”. Though being an unequivacally elegant technique for the localisation and delineation of pathological lesions in the central nervous system neuronavigation has not been validated by any prospective randomized controlled trial. The method is prone to significant errors as to the intraoperative localisation based upon preoperative threedimensional images. The maximum error can be up to 2.6 cm depending on the extent of the so-called brain shift. In comparison classical frame based stereotaxy has a mean error of ±1 mm and remains the gold standard for the exact threedimensional localisation of a given lesion. The value of neuronavigation is evident for small deep seated vascular lesions. For metastatic tumors or skull base tumors the usefullness is rather marginal because alternative therapies are available with proven and equivalent efficacy and reduced morbidity on one hand, and because of the anatomy of the tumor which makes neuronavigation unnecessary. For the currently most common application of neuronavigation, i.e. surgery of gliomas, no significant improvements of therapeutic results can be expected from neuronavigation. The biology of gliomas limits any mechanical approaches.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Anwendung der stereotaktischen Methode für die Resektion von tiefliegenden Prozessen wird unter dem Begriff „Neuronavigation” in der klinischen Neurochirurgie vehement propagiert. Der Wert dieses unstrittig eleganten Verfahrens zur Lokalisation und Abgrenzung pathologischer Prozesse im ZNS ist bislang nicht durch prospektiv-kontrollierte, randomisierte Studien belegt. Die Methode ist mit einer erheblichen Fehlerbreite bzgl. der intraoperativen Lokalisation auf der Basis präoperativer dreidimensionaler Bilder behaftet („brain shift”). Dem gegenüber ist die klassische rahmengeführte Stereotaxie mit einer Genauigkeit von ±1 mm weiterhin der Gold-Standard für die exakte dreidimensionale Lokalisation eines Prozesses. Wenngleich der Wert der Neuronavigation für kleine, tiefsitzende, insbesondere vaskuläre Prozesse einleuchtet, ist der Wert bei Metastasen und Schädelbasistumoren nur sehr relativ, da hier entweder alternative Therapieverfahren mit gleicher Effizienz bei geringer Morbidität vorliegen oder weil aufgrund anatomischer Gegebenheiten die Neuronavigation entbehrlich ist. Für die derzeit häufigste Anwendung der Neuronavigation, der Gliomchirurgie, ist aus bekannten Gründen, die in der Biologie der Gliome liegen, keine Verbesserung der Operations-ergebnisse zu erwarten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050474
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereotaktische Behandlung der Bewegungsstörungen (1997)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 68 (1997), S. 477-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Bewegungsstörungen ; M. Parkinson ; Stereotaxie ; Tremor ; Hirnstimulation ; Key words Stereotactic surgery ; Parkinson’s disease ; Movement disorders ; Thalamotomy ; Pallidotomy ; Brain ; Stimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Stereotactic surgery for movement disorders is currently undergoing a re-evaluation. A new understanding of the pathophysiology makes the surgical lesion a logical step for the aleviation of both hyperkinetic symptoms such as tremor and hypokinetic symptoms like bradykinesia. Advances in imaging and electrophysiological control render these procedures more accurate and safer. Indications are medically refractory, Parkinsonean tremor, essential tremor, cerebellar tremor, bradykinesia and L-Dopa induced dyskinesis. The standard procedure is ablative surgery, i.e. thalamotomy for tremors and pallidotomy for bradykinesia, dystonia and L-Dopa induced dyskinesias. Deep brain stimulation is a novel alternative for selected patients which is currently evaluated. Neural transplantation of autologus, fetal or genetically manipulated cell suspensions into the striatum for the time being is experimental.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die chirurgische, d.h. stereotaktische Behandlung von Bewegungsstörungen erfährt derzeit eine Neubewertung. Neue Einsichten in die Pathophysiologie der Bewegungsstörungen haben dazu geführt, daß der stereotaktische Eingriff als begründeter therapeutischer Schritt angesehen wird. Die Nebenwirkungen stereotaktischer Eingriffe sind durch neue operative Techniken, digitale Bildgebung und elektrophysiologische Kontrollen geringer geworden. Die hauptsächlichen Indikationen sind Parkinson-Tremor und Rigidität, essentieller Tremor und zerebellärer Tremor. Als etablierte Routinemethode wird die stereotaktische Elektrokoagulation im Thalamus für alle Tremorformen weiterhin bevorzugt. Für die Behandlung von Akinesie und Bradykinesie, besonders auch der Dopa-induzierten Hyperkinesien, gewinnt die Pallidotomie rasch wieder an Bedeutung. Die chronische Stimulation durch Implantation von Hirnelektroden ist in Einzelfällen indiziert. Die Transplantation autologer, fetaler oder gentechnisch manipulierter Zellen wird derzeit in ihrer Bedeutung für die Therapie untersucht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050150
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiomyolipoma of the kidney and lymph nodes (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of urology 17 (1999), S. 123-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign mesenchymal tumor predominantly occurring in the kidney. Despite its low incidence of 0.07–0.3% in an unselected population, this tumor is well known, because the typical AML can be diagnosed without histological confirmation by a combination of ultrasound (US) and computerized tomography (CT) imaging in up to 95% of cases. In contrast, simultaneous involvement of the kidney and the regional lymph nodes is less known and might be confused with metastasizing malignant tumor. We report a case of the very uncommon simultaneous involvement of the kidney and the lymph nodes in AML.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003450050117
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early and late effects on the normal dog brain of permanent interstitial iridium-192 irradiation (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 70 (1986), S. 91-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Iridium-192 ; Interstitial radiation ; Brachytherapy ; Radionecrosis ; Delayed-radiation damage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate the effects of a permanent interstitial source of γ-irradiation on normal brain tissue, single iridium-192 (Ir-192) wires (1.05 mCi) were stereotactically implanted into the left centrum semiovale of adult dogs (survival times, 25, 46, 74, 230 and 362 days). Within 25 days, a coagulation necrosis developed in the immediate vicinity of the radioactive source. In later stages, the necrosis increased in size and became progressively mineralized. Staining for extravascular immunoreactive serum proteins revealed the presence of a chronic perifocal vasogenic edema, which extended into the white matter of the entire ipsilateral hemisphere. This edema persisted through all stages and showed a significant decrease only in the animal with a 1-year survival. A reactive gliosis with formation of a dense network of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes developed around the central necrosis in the adjacent white matter and, at later stages, in the contralateral hemisphere. Demyelination was restricted to the ipsilateral centrum semiovale without affecting the internal capsule or the contralateral hemisphere. It was present as early as 25 days and showed no tendency to increase at later stages. Analysis of the sequential morphological changes following Ir-192 implantation suggests that the central coagulation necrosis represents a direct radiation effect, the sharp focal delineation of which can be explained by the physical characteristics of the radiation source, i.e., rapid falloff of the dose at short distances. Due to the continuous emission of radiation energy, there is a perifocal zone with overlapping of progressive radiation damage and tissue organization. This focus becomes the source of a chronic vasogenic edema, which in turn is most likely to be responsible for the partial demyelination of the adjacent centrum semiovale. The widespread reactive gliosis observed at all stages may also, in part, be a consequence of chronic vasogenic edema, but its distribution suggests that direct radiation effects may also be involved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691426
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    European society for stereotactic and functional neurosurgery Abstracts Selected for Presentation at the 12th Congress in Milan, Italy, on June 12–15,1996 (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 597-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411184
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    European Society for Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery (1998)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 837-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050188
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