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  • 1995-1999  (5)
  • 1985-1989  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 9 (1998), S. 469-470 
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Screening durch Anti-HBc-Antikörper-Bestimmung bei schwangeren Trägerinnen des Hepatitis B-Virus (HBV) zur Vorbeugung der perinatalen Übertragung von HBV. Screening auf anti-HBc wurde vorgeschlagen, um die HBV-Träger unter Blutspendern zu ermitteln. Wir haben die Wirkung eines solchen Screenings während der Schwangerschaft untersucht. Unter 4023 schwangeren Frauen, welche aufeinanderfolgend auf anti-HBc getestet wurden, zeigten sich 539 (13,4%) positiv und wurden auf HBsAg und anti-HBs getestet. HBsAg wurde bei 73 (1,81%) und anti-HBc allein bei 66 (1,64%) Frauen nachgewiesen. Unter den 73 HBsAg-positiven Frauen wiesen sieben HBV-DNA im Serum, zwei in der Nabelschnur und drei in der Plazenta auf. Unter den 58 Kindern, die HB-Immunglobulin und HBV-Impfstoff erhalten hatten, war nur bei vier vorübergehend HBsAg nachzuweisen. Von den 66 nur anti-HBc-positiven Frauen wies keine anti-HBc, IgM-Antikörper, HBeAg oder HBV-DNA im Serum, Nabelschnur, Blut oder Plazenta auf, aber fünf dieser Frauen wurden HBsAg-positiv vor, während oder nach der Niederkunft. Drei der von diesen 66 Müttern entbundenen Kinder hatten erhöhte ALT-Werte, zwei HBsAg und eines HBV-DNA ohne HBsAg. Das Screening auf anti-HBc kann zumindest in Gegenden mit geringer HBV-Prävalenz als effizient angesehen werden, da offensichtlich nur bei anti-HBc-positiven Frauen Infektiosität besteht.
    Notes: Summary As anti-HBc screening has been proposed for blood donor testing, we investigated its effectiveness during pregnancy. Among 4,023 successive pregnant women screened for anti-HBc, 539 (13.4%) were positive and further tested for HBsAg and anti-HBs. HBsAg was found in 73 (1.81%) and anti-HBc only was positive in 66 (1.64%). Among the 73 women positive for HBsAg, HBV DNA was found in the serum of seven, the cord blood of two, the placenta of three. Of the 58 infants given HBV immunoglobulins and vaccine, only four had transient HBsAg. None of the 66 women positive for anti-HBc only had anti-HBc IgM, HBeAg, or HBV DNA in serum, cord blood or placenta but five women became HBsAg positive before, at, or after delivery. Among the infants born of these 66 mothers, three had high ALT, two had HBsAg and one HBV DNA without HBsAg. Screening for anti-HBc may be cost effective, at least in low HBV prevalence areas, since there is evidence for infectivity of pregnant women positive for anti-HBc only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 15 (1996), S. 639-645 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The predictive value of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA detection in plasma using branched DNA assay was studied in a subgroup of 36 asymptomatic HIV-1-infected patients enrolled in a multicenter, double-blind, randomized study. Patients were randomized to receive either zidovudine (AZT) 1 g/day or placebo and were monitored for a mean time of 61 months. HIV-1 RNA was detected in plasma using branched DNA assay at months 0, 6, 12, 24, and 36. HIV-1 RNA was detected at levels of ≥ 104 RNA eq/ml (eq/ml) in 8.3% of the patients at baseline, and this percentage increased during the first two years in the placebo group only. The detection rate of HIV-1 RNA at three years was 50% in both the AZT and the placebo groups. HIV-1 RNA levels ranged from 104 to 478 × 103 RNA eq/ml. HIV-1 RNA was detected at levels of 〉 104 eq/ml a mean time of 19±13 months before progression to AIDS in 76.5% of progressing patients. In a multivariate analysis including baseline CD4+ count, the initial randomization group, HIV-1 RNA detection in plasma, and detection of p24 antigenemia during the first three years of follow-up, the best independent predictors of progression to AIDS at five years and the best independent predictors of death at five years were HIV-1 RNA detection in plasma and p24 antigenemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The current approach to screening for hepatitis C and non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis in French blood transfusion centers involves a combination of a transaminase assay and tests for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV). A decision-analysis model was used to assess the cost-effectiveness ratio of this approach compared to the former approach, which included only transaminase and anti-HBc screening. Cost data were collected by a questionnaire sent to 26 centers throughout France. The average costs of diagnostic kits, equipment, staff, and administration were calculated. Estimates of prevalence and sensitivity values came from the medical literature. The cost-effectiveness ratio was expressed in French francs per infected donor detected. A sensitivity analysis of the variables in the model was performed to estimate the validity of the cost-effectiveness ratio. For 100,000 donations the incremental cost of the current approach reached FrF 2,566,111 (about US $ 500,000), with a marginal effectiveness of 180 donations detected. The sensitivity analysis showed the effect of prevalence on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. Transfusion centers may change their screening approach in areas of high or low prevalence of hepatitis C in France.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To evaluate the correlation between zidovudine (ZDV) resistance mutations of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), biological parameters, and clinical evolution, 111 HIV-1-infected patients treated with ZDV were studied. Specific mutations at codons 70, 215, and 41 in the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase coding region conferring resistance to ZDV were detected using a selective polymerase chain reaction. The appearance of ZDV resistance mutations was significantly correlated with baseline clinical stage, CD4+ cell count, and viral load, but not with duration of ZDV therapy or p24 antigen level. In univariate analysis, results showed a prognostic role of mutations at codons 215 and 41 for clinical progression to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) or death. In multivariate analysis after controlling for viral load, CD4+ cell count, and clinical stage, the presence of the mutation at codon 215 (but not at codon 41) remained an independent predictor of subsequent clinical evolution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 4 (1985), S. 59-61 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five out of seven American woodchucks inoculated with woodchuck hepatitis virus developed antigenemia after 2 to 13 weeks followed by an antibody response. One animal became a carrier, and another animal exhibited a primary antibody response. Clinical disease was not obvious and aminotransferase elevation could not be demonstrated. Liver biopsy showed mononuclear portal infiltration and little parenchymal cell necrosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Sjögren's Syndrome ; Hepatitis C Virus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report a case of Sjögren's syndrome associated with chronic C hepatitis. Hepatitis C virus RNA was detected by polymerase reaction in a labial salivary gland specimen, and improvement was observed on interferon therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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