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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of wildlife research 45 (1999), S. 107-126 
    ISSN: 1439-0574
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The microscopic anatomy of the integument of the external ear of the Wild boar was studied with the help of histological and histochemical methods. The epidermis showed a clearly delineated relief of ridges for a stable connection with the cutis. The dermis was characterised by a complex and regionally varying architecture of collagen fibre bundles. The internal part of the auricula generally had a thicker integument than the external part, including lower hair density. With regard to this feature, the dermis was the dominating skin layer. The height and form of the typical longitudinal folds (plicae) of the inner ear skin was exclusively based on a massive deposition of hypodermal fat. The external side of the auricula was covered by a dense hair coat, primarily consisting of many wool hairs. The arrangement of hair follicles compared to that found in specific body regions, i.e. the triplett pattern was lost at the internal part of the ear. The primary hair follicles inserted very obliquely in proximal regions of the pinna. The sebaceous glands were especially large at hair follicles of the ear base and the plicae. The apocrine tubular glands of the primary hair follicles revealed normal structure, but were remarkable at the ear margins, where broad glandular accumulations could be found. The integumental structure of the external ear of the wild boar obviously can endure high mechanical stress. A contribution of the plicae of the inner ear skin to sound conduction is postulated. The relatively high amounts of glandular secretions are probably important for the regulation of the milieu on the skin surface.
    Abstract: Résumé En recourant à la méthodologie histologique et histochimique, l'anatomie microscopique du tégument du muscle auriculaire du Sanglier a été analysée et représentée de façon différentielle (Fig. 1). L'épiderme révéla sur les faces interne et externe de l'auricula, pour une constitution histologique normale, un relief aux contours bien marqués au niveau de l'ancrage dans la cutis. Le derme était caractérisé par une architecture, complexe et localement différenciée, du faisceau de fibres du collagène. La face intérieure du muscle auriculaire présentait généralement une peau plus épaisse et à pilosité plus faible que la face extérieure. Le derme constituait ici la couche dominante. La hauteur et la conformation des plissures longitudinales typiques (plicae) de la face intérieure de l'oreille résultaient exclusivement des dépôts massifs et centraux de graisse au niveau de l'hypoderme (Fig. 2 à 6). La face extérieure du muscle auriculaire développait une pilosité dense avec un duvet abondant. Le dispositif des follicules pileux présentait, lors de la perte de la disposition en triplé, des caractéristiques de régions particulières du corps. Les follicules pileux primaires s'inséraient dans les parties auriculaires proximales de façon fort plane (Fig. 7 et 8). Les glandes sébacées révélaient un développement remarquable à hauteur des follicules pileux situés à la base de l'oreille et dans lesplicae. Les glandes apocrines des follicules pileux primaires étaient bien développées et formaient, à proximité des bords plus minces de l'oreille, des champs glandulaires. La structure musculaire de la peau de l'oreille du Sanglier permet de conclure que celle-ci est exposée à une sollicitation mécanique élevée. Une discussion porte sur l'implication desplicae dans la transmission des bruits. La sécrétion glandulaire relativement abondante exerce sans doute une fonction spéciale de régulation vis-à-vis du milieu que constitue la surface de la peau.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Mit histologischer und histochemischer Methodik wurde die mikroskopische Anatomie des Integuments der Ohrmuschel des Wildschweins untersucht und differenziert dargestellt (Abb. 1). Die Epidermis zeigte auf der Innen- und Außenseite derAuricula bei normalem histologischen Aufbau ein gut konturiertes Relief von Leisten zur Verankerung in der Cutis. Die Dermis war durch eine komplexe und regional unterschiedliche Architektur der Kollagenfaserbündel charakterisiert. Die Innenseite der Ohrmuschel besaß allgemein eine dickere Haut als die Außenseite, bei geringerer Haardichte. Hierbei war die Dermis die dominierende Hautschicht. Die typischen Längsauffaltungen (Plicae) der inneren Ohrhaut erhielten ihre Höhe und Formgestaltung ausschließlich durch massive zentrale Fetteinlagerungen der Hypodermis (Abb. 2–6). Die Außenseite der Ohrmuschel trug ein dichtes Haarkleid, wobei die Wollhaare in großer Zahl vorlagen. Das Anordnungsmuster der Haarfollikel besaß bei Verlust des Triplett-Musters Kennzeichen spezieller Körperregionen. Die Primärhaarfollikel inserierten in den proximalen Auricula-Anteilen sehr flach (Abb. 7–8). Die Talgdrüsen zeigten an Haarfollikeln nahe der Ohrbasis und in den Plicae eine bemerkenswerte Größe. Die Apokrinen Schlauchdrüsen der Primärhaarfollikel waren gut entwickelt und fielen in den dünneren Ohrrandbereichen auf, wo sie Drüsenfelder bildeten (Abb. 9). Die Hautstruktur der Ohrmuschel des Wildschweins läßt auf eine hohe mechanische Belastbarkeit schließen. Es wird die Einbeziehung der Hautfalten (Plicae) der Innenseite der Auricula in die Schallleitung diskutiert. Den relativ hohen Mengen an Drüsensekret kommen wahrscheinlich spezielle Aufgaben bei der Regulation des Millieus der Hautoberfläche zu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 384 (1999), S. 44-49 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Key words Cystic pancreatic tumors ; Cystadenoma ; Cystadenocarcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Introduction: Among the rare cystic pancreatic tumors, serous and mucinous cystadenoma and mucinous cystadenocarcinoma are most often diagnosed. Case: We report on a total of 21 patients with cystic neoplasms who underwent surgery, 11 of whom had mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. Of the 10 remaining patients, serous and mucinous cystadenoma were diagnosed in two groups of five. A common feature of all cystic neoplasms is slow growth, leading to clinical symptoms at an advanced stage, with tumors frequently becoming enormous. Results: In approximately half of the cases, diagnosis was possible by means of ultrasound, computed tomography and, in three instances, by preoperative percutaneous aspiration. Differential diagnosis of pseudocysts proved to be most difficult. Conclusion: Given the low operative risk, resection should always be performed in instances where findings cannot be clearly identified. Moreover, compared with ductal pancreatic carcinomas, the prognosis of a cystadenocarcinoma after early resection is extremely favorable, so that postponing resection might reduce the patient's prospects of being cured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 23
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: PACS. 34.80.Ht Dissociation and dissociative attachment by electron impact - 34.80.Qb Laser-modified scattering - 31.25.Nj Electron-correlation calculations for diatomic molecules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The process of dissociative attachment (DA) of low-energy electrons ) to vibrationally excited sodium dimer molecules is studied with high electron energy resolution ( ) in a supersonic molecular beam. A novel photoelectron source, based on two-step photoionization of the sodium atoms in the beam, may deliver a current of up to 1 nA and has been used with a current of typically 0.2 nA in this experiment. The energy dependence of the rate of sodium anion formation is determined by ion detection based on a time-of-flight analysis. The molecules are selectively excited to levels using the technique of coherent population transfer by delayed pulses (STIRAP). The comparison of the experimental data with recent resonance model calculations based on improved potential curves reveals generally good agreement for levels v ”〉12. For some distinct differences between theoretical and experimental results persist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 380 (1995), S. 229-234 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Repeat hepatic resections ; Colorectal cancer ; Liver metastases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Für Patienten mit rezidivierten, resektablen kolorektalen Lebermetastasen besteht allein in der chirurgischen Entfernung die erneute Möglichkeit, über längere Zeit von ihrem Tumorleiden befreit zu werden. Bei fehlenden therapeutischen Alternativen mehren sich in den letzten Jahren die Berichte über wiederholte Leberresektionen. Wir haben in den Jahren von 1986–1994 bei 8 Patienten insgesamt 12 wiederholte Leberresektionen bei kolorektalen Metastasen jeweils in kurativer Absicht ausgeführt. Die primäre Leberresektion bei 4 synchronen und 4 metachronen Metastasen bestand 5mal in einer anatomischen Hemihepatektomie und 3mal in einer Segment- oder Bisegmentektomie. Das Intervall zwischen 1. und 2. Leberresektion betrug durchschnittlich 14 (4–23) Monate. Bei 2 Patienten wurden jeweils 4 leberresezierende Eingriffe wegen wiederholt aufgetretener Metastasen ausgeführt. Die Zeitintervalle zwischen 2., 3. und 4. Lebereingriff betrugen hierbei durchschnittlich 10 Monate. Wir verloren keinen Patienten während des Klinikaufenthaltes, die postoperative Komplikationsrate betrug 16%. Drei Patienten sind inzwischen nach durchschnittlich 28 (9–54) Monaten seit der letzten Leberresektion verstorben. Fünf Patienten leben durchschnittlich 14 (4–28) Monate, 3 davon tumorfrei und 2 mit Metastasenrezidiv in der Leber. Bei niedrigem Operationsrisiko ist die Mehrfachresektion kolorektaler Lebermetastasen durchaus gerechtfertigt, was sich in deutlich verlängerten Überlebenszeiten dieser Patienten im Vergleich zu denen mit unbehandelten oder lediglich regional therapierten Lebermetastasen ausdrückt.
    Notes: Abstract For patients with recurrent operable liver metastases from colorectal cancer operative resection is the only chance of getting rid of their tumorous disease for a longer time. As there are not therapeutic alternatives more and more authors are reporting on repeated resections of liver metastases. From 1986 to 1994 we performed 12 recurrent liver resections with curative intent in 8 patients suffering from liver metastases of colorectal cancer: 4 synchronous and 4 metachronous metastases were removed, the primary procedure being anatomic hemihepatectomy in 5 cases and segmentectomy or bisegmentectomy in 3 cases. The mean time interval between the first and the second resections was 14 (4–23) months. Two patients underwent 4 consecutive liver resections because of recurrent metastases. In these cases the interval between the second, third and fourth procedures was 10 months. The postoperative complication rate was 16% and not a single patient died in hospital. Three patients died an average of 28 (9–54) months after the last liver resection, and the other 5 patients are still alive after an average of 14 (4–28) months: 3 are free of tumor and 2 have recurrent metastases in the liver. Compared with untreated or only locally treated cases, patients in whom operative risk is low can achieve prolonged survival times after resections of colorectal metastases to the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 384 (1999), S. 194-199 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Key words Colorectal carcinoma ; Multivisceral extended resection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background and aims: In about 10% of patients with carcinoma of the colorectum, the tumour has already invaded contiguous organs or else inflammatory tumorous adhesions involving neighbouring structures are found. In such a situation, the question arises whether one should perform a multivisceral resection, the usefulness of which in terms of surgical risk and late oncological results have been investigated in the present study. Patients and methods: A total of 173 patients with colorectal carcinoma who underwent a multivisceral resection during the period between 1984 and 1995 are reported. Excluded from the study were patients with recurrent tumour or distant metastases. Results: In the majority of cases (63%), the primary tumour originated in the sigmoid colon or rectum. In 102 patients, only a single neighbouring organ was additionally involved, while the remaining patients had involvement of two or more contiguous organs. In 140 patients, the resection was curative, while in the remaining patients an R1/2 situation presented. In the curative group, tumour infiltration was confirmed histologically in 55% of the cases, while in the remaining patients a peritumourous adhesion had mimicked tumour invasion. Postoperative surgical complications occurred in only 1.4% of the interventions, a figure identical to the incidence of complications seen with conventional limited operations. The same applied to the postoperative 30-day mortality rate of 3.6%. The 5-year survival rate of the overall group of patients undergoing multivisceral resection was 42%, that of the subgroup undergoing curative surgery was 51%, and that of the subgroup receiving only palliative resection was 0%. Calculation of the stage-related 5-year survival rates for Union Internationale Contra la Cancrum stage-II and stage-III tumours revealed figures of 58% and 43%, respectively. After non-extended resection, the respective survival rates were identical (60% and 41%). Conclusion: An identical surgical risk and survival rates for curative resection, equally as good as those seen with conventional, non-extended procedures, justify the liberal use of multivisceral resection in the surgical treatment of colorectal carcinomas directly invading neighbouring organs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 48 (1997), S. 490-501 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Water-soluble diblock copolymers (DBCPs) with a polyelectrolyte block are accessible by sequential anionic polymerization of tert-butylmethacrylate (TBMA) and ethylene oxide (EO), followed by polymer analogous conversion of the PTBMA into poly(methyacrylic acid) (PMAA) blocks. These materials are highly efficient dispersants for oxide ceramic powders in aqueous media. A series of block copolymer samples with Mn ranging from 1300 to 38 900, and (EO:MAA) block length ratios from 0.5 to 11.7 were prepared with polydispersities close to 1.2. The influence of overall molecular weight and block length ratio, pH and ionic strength on the stability of aqueous α-Al2O3 suspensions was investigated by sedimentation and adsorption experiments, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and electrokinetic measurements. The copolymers are capable of stabilizing alumina suspensions by a combination of specific adsorption of one block on the particle surface and a shielding effect provided by the nonadsorbing block. In addition, the adsorption of the negatively charged PMAA block on the oppositely charged alumina surface reverses the electrophoretic potential of the oxide particles, a process which is strongly pH dependent. With respect to the powder dispersing efficiency, an optimum was found when the DBCP consisted of a short PMAA anchoring and an approximately tenfold longer PEO stabilizer block with an overall molecular weight of about 5000. Alumina suspensions with the DBCP added were highly dispersed and rather stable against salt addition in a much wider pH window than block-copolymer-free suspensions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 27
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: About 340 g of a cycloaliphatic ionene (see formula given in the introduction) were fractionated by a continuous counter-current extraction method (CPF). The efficiency of the separation was checked by viscometry and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Ten different fractions with number average molecular masses between 16 000 and 29 000 D were obtained and their glass transition temperatures Tg determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for their bromide and tetrafluoroborate salts. No molecular weight dependence of Tg was found, in contrast to recently reported results with aliphatic ionenes, where  -  in case of the bromide  -  Tg increases with rising molecular weight.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 46 (1995), S. 233-240 
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A series of comb-like ionenes with aliphatic side chains of different length and organic main chain spacer groups of different size have been synthesized by the step-growth polymerization of long aliphatic chain-substituted diamines with α,ω-dibromoalkanes. Highly ordered films of layered structure have been obtained by solution casting. The long side chains crystallize with an interdigitating hexagonal packing perpendicular to the film plane. The perfection of the side chain packing is related to the size of the spacer group in the main chain as well as to the valence of the counterions, but also depends on the thermal history of the samples. It is in all cases comparable to the quality of aliphatic chain packing in LB multilayers of surfactants. The comb-like ionenes exhibit liquid-crystalline textures above their side chain melting transition.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 36 (1903), S. 885-889 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 37 (1904), S. 1425-1428 
    ISSN: 0365-9496
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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