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  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • APACHE  (1)
  • Key words: Common bile duct stones — Gallbladder — Bile duct calculi — Laparoscopic cholecystectomy — Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Common bile duct stones — Gallbladder — Bile duct calculi — Laparoscopic cholecystectomy — Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Background: Common bile duct stones (CBDS) are a frequent problem (10–15%) in patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. Over the last decade, new diagnostic and surgical techniques have expanded the options for their management. This report of the Consensus Development Conference is intended to summarize the current state of the art, including principal guidelines and an extensive review of the literature. Methods: An international panel of 12 experts met under the auspices of the European Association of Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) to investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic alternatives for gallstone disease. Prior to the conference, all the experts were asked to submit their arguments in the form of published results. All papers received were weighted according to their scientific quality and relevance. The preconsensus document compiled out of this correspondence was altered following a discussion of the external evidence made available by the panel members and presented at the public conference session. The personal experiences of the participants and other aspects of individualized therapy were also considered. Results: Our panel of experts agreed that the presence of common bile duct stones should be investigated in all patients with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis. Based on preoperative noninvasive diagnostics, either endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) or intraoperative cholangiography should be employed for detecting CBDS. Eight of the 12 panelists recommended treating any diagnosed CBDS. For patients with no other extenuating circumstances, several treatment options exist. Stones can be extracted during ERCP, or either before or (in exceptional cases) after laparoscopic or open surgery. Bile duct clearance should always be combined with cholecystectomy. Evidence for further special aspects of CBDS treatment is equivocal and drawn from nonrandomized trials only. Conclusions: The management of common bile duct stones is currently undergoing some major changes. Many diagnostic and therapeutic strategies need further study.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin 34 (1997), S. 426-431 
    ISSN: 1435-1420
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Trauma ; scoring systems ; APACHE ; mortality prediction ; quality control ; Schlüsselwörter Trauma ; Scores ; APACHE ; Mortalität ; Prognose ; Qualitätskontrolle
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Der APACHE II Score wird häufig als Methode zur Schweregradklassifikation und Prognosestellung bei Intensivpatienten genutzt. Der Vergleich mit der tatsächlich beobachteten Mortalität erlaubt eine Qualitätskontrolle im Sinne eines Soll-Ist-Vergleichs. Intensivpflichtige Traumapatienten zeigten in einer prospektiven Beobachtungsstudie eine höhere Mortalität als die Prognose nach APACHE II erwarten ließ. Eine Überprüfung der Prognose anhand trauma-spezifischer Score-Systeme sollte die Eignung des APACHE II Scores bei Traumapatienten prüfen. Methode: Aus einer vollständigen Erfassung aller Intensivpatienten während eines 18-Monats-Zeitraums wurden die Traumapatienten identifiziert. Eine Durchsicht der Krankenakten sowie der prospektiven Notarztprotokolle ermöglichte die Bestimmung des Injury Severity Scores (ISS), des Revised Trauma Scores (RTS) sowie des TRISS. Ergebnisse: Von 938 Intensivpatienten wurden 91 als Traumapatienten (9,4%) identifiziert. Von diesen sind 11 verstorben (12,1%). Der APACHE II Score für diese Patienten war im Mittel 10,0 Punkte, was einer Prognose von 7,1% entspricht. Die Prognosen (ROD, risk of death) der trauma-spezifischen Scores lagen durchweg höher: ISS = 26,3 Punkte (RODISS = 20%), RTS = 6,38 Punkte (RODRTS = 6 – 13%) und TRISS = 0,.78 (RODTRISS = 22%). Subgruppenanalysen zeigen, daß insbesondere bei älteren Patienten und Patienten mit einem Schädel-Hirn-Trauma die Prognosen nach APACHE deutlich unter der tatsächlichen Mortalitätsrate als auch der auf TRISS basierenden Prognose liegen. Schlußfolgerung: Der APACHE II Score unterschätzt systematisch das Mortalitätsrisiko bei intensivpflichtigen Traumapatienten. Die Prognoseaussage sollte daher nicht ohne gleichzeitige Betrachtung trauma-spezifischer Scores interpretiert werden.
    Notizen: Summary Introduction: The APACHE II score is a well-known measure of illness severity and is widely used for patient classification and outcome prediction in critically ill patients. Since 1993, the surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in Cologne-Merheim uses the APACHE II score for assessment of quality of care by comparing actual versus predicted mortality. The subgroup of trauma patients was identified as showing higher mortality rates than expected from scoring. A comparison with trauma-specific score systems can prove the appropriateness of the APACHE II score in trauma patients. Methods: All trauma patients in the surgical intensive care unit within an 18 months period were identified. All patients had a routine prospective APACHE II assessment. Hospital records and pre-hospital emergency physician protocols for all trauma patients were reviewed and trauma-specific prognostic scores (ISS, RTS, TRISS) were calculated. Subgroup analyses (head injury; severity of trauma; age) were performed. Results: Among 938 patients treated in the surgical ICU, 91 trauma patients were identified; 11 of them died (12.1%). The mean APACHE II score at ICU entry for this group was 10.0, which corresponds to an estimated 7.1% risk of death (RODAPACHE). The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) is, thus, 1.70. Trauma-specific scoring systems reveal higher risk of death estimates: mean ISS = 26.3 (RODISS = 20%), mean RTS = 6.38 (RODRTS = 6 – 13%), and mean TRISS = 0.78 (RODTRISS = 22%). Subgroup analysis shows under-estimation of ROD by APACHE II in elderly patients and patients with head injuries. Conclusion: The results of APACHE II score assessment in the group of trauma patients should be interpreted carefully since the actual risk of death is under-estimated. A parallel assessment of trauma-specific scoring systems like TRISS should always accompany risk of death estimates in these type of patients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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