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  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • dopamine D4 receptor  (2)
  • Key words: Gallbladder wall  (1)
  • dopamine
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoscopic ultrasonography for demonstrating loss of multiple-layer pattern of the thickened gallbladder wall in the preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer (1997)
    Springer
    European radiology 7 (1997), S. 1323-1327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Gallbladder wall ; Gallbladder cancer ; EUS ; Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the roles of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), conventional US, CT, and MRI in differential diagnosis of gallbladder wall thickening. We scrutinized images for the presence of the multiple-layer patterns of the thickened gallbladder walls during preoperative images (EUS, n = 22; US, n = 23; CT, n = 20; MRI, n = 15) and retrospectively correlated them with surgical results in 25 patients. The pathological diagnoses included 7 gallbladder cancers, 9 cases of chronic cholecystitis, 5 cases of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, and 4 cases of adenomyomatosis. Multiple-layer patterns of gallbladder wall were observed in patients with inflammatory and benign diseases by US, EUS, CT, and MRI. This pattern was demonstrated by EUS more efficiently compared with other means of imaging. All subjects with loss of multiple layers were finally diagnosed by use of EUS as having gallbladder cancer at surgery. Loss of multiple-layer patterns of the gallbladder wall demonstrated by EUS was the most specific finding in diagnosing gallbladder cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050296
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of nitric oxide synthesis inhibition on methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotoxicity in the rat brain (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 103 (1996), S. 671-680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Nitric oxide (NO·) ; methamphetamine ; neurotoxicity ; dopamine ; serotonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined effects of nitric oxide (NO·) synthesis inhibition on methamphetamine (MA)-induced dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotoxicity. The toxic dose of MA (5 mg/kg, sc, X4) significantly decreased contents of dopamine (DA), dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) in the striatum (ST), and significantly decreased contents of serotonin (5-HT) in the ST, nucleus accumbens (NA) and medial frontal contex (MFC). Coadministration with a NO· synthase inhibitor, Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (LNAME) (30 mg/kg, ip, X2), reduced the MA-induced decreases in contents of DA, DOPAC and HVA in the ST, but not reduced the MA-induced decreases in contents of 5-HT in the ST, NA and MFC. These findings suggest that the MA-induced dopaminergic, but not serotonergic neurotoxicity, may be related to the neural process such as NO· formation caused by the activation of postsynaptic DA receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01271227
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of [3H]clozapine binding sites in rat brain (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 101 (1995), S. 51-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: [3H]clozapine binding ; serotonin 5-HT2 receptor ; dopamine D4 receptor ; frontal cortex ; limbic area
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined the characteristics of [3H]clozapine binding sites in four rat brain regions (frontal cortex, limbic area, hippocampus and striatum) in order to elucidate the pharmacological profile of this unique atypical antipsychotic drug. The specific [3H]clozapine binding was found to be saturable and reversible in all these brain regions. Scatchard analysis of the saturation data indicated that the specific binding consisted of high- and low-affinity components. Displacement experiments showed that the muscarinic cholinergic receptor represented about 50% of [3H]clozapine binding in each brain area. Serotonin 5-HT2 and dopamine D4 receptor binding sites could also be detected by displacement experiments using ketanserin and nemonapride, respectively, in frontal cortex and limbic area, but not in hippocampus or striatum. Alpha-1, alpha-2, histamine H1, dopamine D1, D2, or D3 receptor components could not be determined within the high-affinity [3H]clozapine binding sites in any brain region. It is possible that the atypical property of clozapine may depend on the modulatory effect on dopaminergic function via 5-HT2 receptor blockade and/or may be mediated via D4 receptor blockade in the mesocortical and mesolimbic area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01271545
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term treatment with haloperidol or clozapine does not affect dopamine D4 receptors in rat frontal cortex (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 101 (1995), S. 231-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: [3H]clozapine ; dopamine D4 receptor ; frontal cortex ; haloperidol ; clozapine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We examined the effects of long-term treatment with haloperidol and clozapine on dopamine D4 receptors in rat frontal cortex. Dopamine D4 receptor binding sites were indirectly determined from the displacement experiments of [3H]clozapine binding using nemonapride. Three-weeks administration of haloperidol (0.5mg/kg) or clozapine (10mg/kg) did not significantly affect the D4 receptors in the frontal cortex. The density of D2 receptors, determined by [3H]spiperone binding to striatum, was increased by long-term treatment with haloperidol, but it was not significantly changed by that with clozapine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01271560
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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