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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of Ia positive T cells in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (1986)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 6 (1986), S. 1-5 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis ; IgM-rheumatoid factor ; Ia+ T cells ; Pokeweed mitogen ; Helper T cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), increased levels of Ia antigen-positive (Ia+) T cells have been demonstrated. Therefore, we examined these Ia+ T cells in vitro to identify their role in the production of rheumatoid factor (RF) and to study the immunologic abnormalities of RA. When Ia+ T cells from peripheral blood of RA patients were added to pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-non-stimulated autologous B cells, the amount of IgM-RF production was 25.8±6.4 (mean±SE) (p〈0.001) as compared to 16.0±4.6 ng/ml (mean±SE) in the presence of Ia− T cells. When Ia− OKT4+ cell fractions, obtained by excluding Ia+ T cells from OKT4+ cells, were added to B cells, the increase in IgM-RF production was markedly lower than that obtained with the OKT4+ cell fraction. These results indicate that the helper T cells which induce the production of IgM-RF may derive from the Ia+ OKT4+ cell fraction. B cells from rheumatoid synovial fluid produced IgM-RF levels as high as 102.7±19.2 ng/ml (mean±SE) even without stimulation. When T cells from autologous synovial fluid were added, IgM-RF production was not increased. These data suggest that B cells from RA synovial fluid had already been activated. When synovial fluid T cells were added to B cells from autologous peripheral blood, larger amounts of IgM-RF were produced as compared to experiments in which T cells from peripheral blood were added, suggesting that T cells from synovial fluid induce an enhanced IgM-RF production by B cells. The presence or absence of Ia antigen on the surface of synovial fluid T cells did not affect the level of IgM-RF production. Our results indicate that Ia+ T cells from the peripheral blood of RA patients induce the production of IgM-RF by autologous B cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00270657
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing the development of Moyamoya Phenomenon (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 59 (1981), S. 79-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Moyamoya phenomenon ; carotide artery occlusion ; intracranial vasospasm ; subarachnoid haemorrhage ; ruptured intracranial aneurysm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Both the Moyamoya Phenomenon and occlusion of the internal carotid fork are essential radiological findings in true Moyamoya Disease of unknown aetiology. However, the Moyamoya Phenomenon is often observed in occlusive diseases of the internal carotid bifurcation of known aetiology. The authors recently observed acute development of the unilateral Moyamoya Phenomenon following severe vasospasm of the anterior and middle cerebral arteries due to rupture of an anterior communicating aneurysm. The following four factors have been suspected of contributing to development of the Moyamoya Phenomenon: 1. The chronology of arterial occlusion. 2. Extent and location of occlusion. 3. The cause of occlusion. 4. Anatomical and functional disposition of the basal circulation. As regards the chronology, chronic or slowly progressive arterial stenosis has been thought to be a mandatory factor in development of a Moyamoya network, which plays an important role in the form of collateral channels. However, based on the findings outlined in this paper, the congenital factor may be the most important of the four factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411194
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of brain tumour laser surgery (1980)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 53 (1980), S. 141-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Laser surgery ; brain tumours ; operative technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A surgical carbon dioxide laser unit (laser) has been used since 1977 in twentyfive cases of various brain tumours, including ten meningiomas (four sphenoid ridge, two parasagittal, two falx, one olfactory, one posterior fossa), eleven gliomas (seven glioblastoma, four astrocytoma), two metastatic brain tumours, one haemangioblastoma, and one arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The criteria for laser use, as based on evaluation and location of meningioma, were: grade 1, convenient but adjuvant; grade 2, also necessary; grade 3, indispensable. The laser is obligatory in sphenoid ridge meningioma in order to peel the tumour away from the internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, cavernous sinus etc. The grade of necessity for laser use is therefore either 2 or 3. In convexity or parasagittal meningioma, on the other hand, the necessity grade is either 1 or 2. In the glioma group hemorrhage in seven cases of glioblastoma was easily laser-controlled, and the tumours were wasted away in a short time through vaporization, with minimum mechanical effect on adjacent tissue. The laser is therefore very useful in cases of glioma, especially glioblastoma, considering the shortened operating time, decreased blood loss, and extended area of tumour resection. Laser surgery is proposed as being most appropriate, mainly for its vaporizing and coagulating functions, in cases of brain tumour involving the elderly and poor risk cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02074786
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversible MRI and CT findings in uremic encephalopathy (1991)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 33 (1991), S. 524-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Computed tomography ; Uremic encephalopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In this 35-year-old woman with chronic glomerulonephritis and uremic encephalopathy, the basal ganglia bilaterally, internal capsules and periventricular white matter showed hypodensity on CT, low signal intensity on T1-weighted MRI and high signal intensity on T2-weighted MRI. Following a series of dialyses, her clinical symptoms and blood chemistry improved. The CT and MRI returned to normal. These reversible abnormalities may be caused by reversible ischemic change, but disorders of cerebral metabolism and uremic toxins may contribute.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588046
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro analysis of lymphocyte functions in common variable immunodeficiency: heterogeneity in B-cell defects (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 145 (1986), S. 252-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Common variable immunodeficiency ; T, B co-culture ; B-cell defect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ten patients with common variable immunodeficiency were classified into three groups according to the number of circulating B-cells, i.e. B-cells being absent (three patients), very low (three patients) or within the normal range (four patients). The four patients in the last group showed significant proliferative responses to the T-independent B-cell mitogen, formalin-fixed Staphylococcus aureus, Cowan I. Further study of these patients by co-cultures with allogeneic T or B-cells in various combinations with pokeweed mitogen showed that two patients had an intrinsic B-cell defect without T-cell defect. The third patient had a T-cell dysfunction (i.e. his T-cell could only help the B-cells of some individuals) resulting in a defect in Ig production. The T-cells of the fourth patient showed poor helper function towards all controls. All six patients with absent or very low numbers of B-cells in group I and II had normal T-cell helper function. This study demonstrates that the immunological defect in common variable immunodeficiency is most often a B-cell defect at different stages of their differentiation with sometimes an additional T-cell dysfunction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00439395
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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