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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAI-1 and PAI-2) in normal pregnancies, pre-eclampsia and hydatidiform mole (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 100 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To examine the behaviour of the major inhibitors of fibrinolysis (PAI-1 and PAI-2) in normal pregnancy and pregnancy complicated by either pre-eclampsia or hydatidiform mole.Design Prospective study.Setting Antenatal Clinic and Maternity Hospital.Subjects Eleven women with established pre-eclampsia and eleven women, matched by age, parity, and duration of pregnancy who were undergoing uncomplicated pregnancy. Two women having surgery for hydatidiform mole.Main outcome measure Plasma levels of PAI-1 and PAI-2 antigens determined by sensitive specific ELISA. Functional identification of PAI-2 by nondenaturing gel electrophoresis with overlay zymography.Results In pre-eclampsia PAI-2 antigen was significantly lower than in normal pregnancy (105.3 ± 34.9 versues 187.1 ± 67.9 ng/ml; P〈0.001). In contrast PAI-1 antigen was significantly higher in pre-eclampsia than in normal pregnancy (170.7 ± 71.2 versus 113.8 ± 35.6 ng/ml; P〈0.05). In consequence the ratio of PAI-1/PAI-2 increased markedly in pre-eclampsia (2.5 versus 0.6). No PAI-2 was detected in plasma of women with hydatidiform moles.Conclusions PAI-2 levels fell significantly in pre-eclampsia probably as a result of decreased placental mass or function. The raised PAI-1 level in pre-eclampsia may reflect a response to hypertension or renal damage that is not specific to pregnancy or may reflect altered placental function. The use of the ratio of PAI-1/PAI-2 assists in separating normal from abnormal pregnancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb12982.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ thin films grown by a simple spray deposition technique (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 163-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The preparation of high Tc superconducting thin films of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ on (100) single crystals of MgO, ZrO2 with 9% Y2O3 (yttria stabilized zirconia, or YSZ), and SrTiO3 using a simple spray deposition technique is described. Typical film growth procedure involves (a) the spraying of a stoichiometric solution of the nitrate precursors on the heated substrate (180 °C), (b) prebaking in air of the sprayed film (20 min at 500 °C), and (c) oven annealing of the film under flowing O2 (900–950 °C followed by slow cooling to 200 °C in about 3 h). X-ray diffraction analysis of the films after each of the growing steps mentioned above shows primarily the presence of crystalline phases of the nitrates, the oxides, and the orthorhombic superconducting phase, respectively. Resistivity versus temperature measurements show that the onset and completion of the superconductive transition occur at 92 and 87 K, respectively, in films on YSZ substrate; at 95 and 80 K, respectively, in films on SrTiO3 substrate; and at 82 and 77 K, respectively, in films on MgO substrate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99039
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrahigh efficiency microwave signal transmission using tandem-contact single quantum well GaAlAs lasers (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 936-938 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We show theoretically and experimentally that enhancements of up to 40 dB in the efficiency of optical transmission of microwave signals can be obtained by using a single quantum well laser transmitter whose contact is segmented into two sections, and modulation is applied to one of the sections. The improvement is dependent fundamentally on the relaxation oscillation frequency of the device, with the improvement factor dropping to around 15 dB at relaxation oscillation frequencies approaching 10 GHz.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101729
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Knock in Internal Combustion Engines (1949)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 163 (1949), S. 917-918 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE information given in the two letters1 on the above subject by D. Downs and A. D. Walsh confirm and considerably extend, with improved equipment and procedure, the observations and conclusions to which the authors refer in the paper by Egerton, Smith and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/163917a0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the number of ambiguities in direct methods – anomalous scattering estimates of the two- and three-phase structure invariants (1986)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 42 (1986), S. 149-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The theoretical basis for the integration of direct methods into the single-wavelength anomalous dispersion technique is reexamined. The analysis shows that the approximations responsible for the ability to obtain unique estimates of the two- and three-phase structure invariants [Hauptman (1982). Acta Cryst. A38, 632-641; Giacovazzo (1983). Acta Cryst. A39, 585-592] or twofold estimates of the three-phase structure invariants [Kroon, Spek & Krabbendam (1977). Acta Cryst. A33, 382-385] are also responsible for the substantial errors observed in the applications. It is shown that, in the general case, the method of joint probability distributions leads to twofold estimates of the two-phase invariants and eightfold estimates of the three-phase invariants. Finally, it is shown that more accurately determined three-phase invariant estimates can be obtained by the use of anomalous scatterer substructure information, when available, and the use of a strategy that recognizes cases in which the eight estimates are clustered around one or two values. These cases are then distinguished from those where the eight estimates are widely scattered by a weighting function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767386099610
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A direct-methods solution to the phase problem in the single isomorphous replacement case: theoretical basis and initial applications (1985)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 41 (1985), S. 571-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The probabilistic theory of the three-phase structure invariants for a pair of isomorphous structures [Hauptman (1982). Acta Cryst. A38, 289-294] is reexamined. The analysis leads to distributions capable of estimating cosine invariants in the full range of -1 to +1. In particular, it is shown that heavy-atom substructure information can be incorporated easily into the distributions. The initial applications, using calculated diffraction data from the protein cytochrome c550, MR ∼ 14 500, and its PtCl2-4 derivative show that a remarkable increase in accuracy results from the use of the revised distributions, particularly after the incorporation of heavy-atom substructure information. Finally, it is shown that in the individual phase determinations the redundant cosine invariants play a role identical to that of the multiple isomorphous derivatives and thus provide the basis for the solution of the phase problem in the single isomorphous replacement case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767385001246
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of diethyl 1,4-dihydro-2,4,6-trimethyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate, C14H21NO4 (1985)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 41 (1985), S. 411-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270185004097
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of atenolol kinetics when hypothyroidism is corrected (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 38 (1990), S. 185-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Atenolol ; Hypothyroidism ; Drug absorption ; Pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A single oral dose of atenolol 100 mg was given to 7 hypothyroid patients (4 F, 3 M), before and after correction of hypothyroidism, mean delay 3.5 months (2 to 6.5 months). There was no change in the elimination parameters of atenolol, but the maximal plasma atenolol concentration was increased (1.66 to 7.37 mg·l−1) as was the AUC (14.9 to 52.1 mg·l−1·h) when the hypothyroidism had been treated. Only one patient differed: he had had a supra-selective vagotomy, and had similar curves before and after treatment of the hypothyroidism, both being similar to the plasma concentration curves found in the other patients after correction of the hypothyroidism. The results suggest an increase in the bioavailability of atenolol when hypothyroidism is corrected. The findings in the patient with vagotomy suggest that the decreased bioavailability during hypothyroidism might be related to changes in intestinal pH. Further studies are needed of the impact of hypothyroidism on gastric and pancreatic or biliary function and its consequences for drug absorption, and drug pharmacokinetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265982
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A low molecular weight heparin decreases plasma aldosterone in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 43 (1992), S. 185-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Primary hyperaldosteronism ; plasma aldosterone ; low molecular weight heparin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Four patients with primary hyperaldosteronism were treated with nadroparin 4100 or 6150 antiXa IU daily for 4 days. Plasma and urine sodium and potassium, and plasma aldosterone and renin were monitored before, during and after the study. After four days of treatment, and for the following two days, plasma aldosterone was decreased (by a mean of 49% on Day 6), and urinary Na/K was increased (3.7-fold). The direction of the changes was reversed on Day 8. The study has confirmed the effect of low molecular weight heparin on aldosterone, and makes it unlikely that it is related to inhibition of angiotensin II stimulation in these patients, as renin could not be detected in their plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01740668
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein binding of digitoxin, valproate and phenytoin in sera from diabetics (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 45 (1993), S. 577-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Protein binding ; Diabetes mellitus ; Digitoxin ; insulin dependent ; valproate ; phenytoin ; glycated albumin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chronic hyperglycaemia results in glycation of serum albumin and might affect the binding of drugs. The aim of the present study was to compare, using an equilibrium dialysis method, the protein binding of therapeutic concentrations digitoxin, valproate and phenytoin in sera from 70 insulin-dependent diabetics and 25 controls. Drug concentrations were measured by fluorescence immunopolarisation. Glycated albumin was measured by laser nephelometry after affinity chromatography. In sera from diabetics, protein binding of digitoxin (88.8 versus 89.9%) was unchanged; the protein binding of valproate (75.2 versus 80.7%) and phenytoin (67.9 versus 75.3%) was significantly decreased, but with no correlation with the concentration of glycated albumin. We conclude that the difference in protein binding between diabetic and control sera is due to glucose-independent modification of albumin in diabetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00315318
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