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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of haemodialysis and renal transplantation on trace element concentrations in children with chronic renal failure (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 145 (1986), S. 372-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Trace elements ; Haemodialysis ; Renal transplantation ; Atomic absorption spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Whole blood levels of Cd and Pb (μg/g Hb), serum concentrations of Sr and Zn and their urinary excretion were measured in healthy, renal transplant and dialyzed children by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Furthermore, before and after dialysis the concentrations of these elements were determined in blood/serum as well as in the dialysis fluid. The predialytic concentrations of Cd, Pb and Sr in blood/serum were significantly increased compared to controls. Haemodialysis had only minor effects on whole blood Cd and Pb levels but serum Sr and Zn concentrations increased as a result of high metal levels in dialysis fluid. Children after renal transplantation showed no alterations in Pb, Sr and Zn concentrations compared to healthy children but whole blood Cd was increased. According to the renal function the Pb, Cd and Zn urinary excretion decreased in the following order: healthy, renal transplant and dialysis children. Sr urinary excretion was increased in haemodialysis and renal transplant patients. In conclusion, we found no Zn deficiency. Elevated blood levels of Cd and Pb and elevated Sr serum concentrations in paediatric patients undergoing dialysis and increased Cd whole blood levels in renal transplant children could be of clinical interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00439241
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-dose toxicokinetics of aluminum in the rat (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 66 (1992), S. 700-705 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Aluminum ; Toxicokinetics ; Rat ; Parenterals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The toxicokinetics of aluminum (Al) in male Wistar rats was studied after single intragastric (IG) doses of 1000 and 12000 μg Al/kg and intravenous (IV) doses of 10, 100, 1000, and 12000 μg Al/kg. Serial blood samples, daily samples of urine and feces as well as brain, liver, kidney, spleen, quadriceps muscle, and femur samples were collected. Al was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Al blood profiles after IV doses were adequately described by a two-compartment open model. Al toxicokinetics was dose dependent and appeared to plateau at 12000 μg/kg. At IV doses between 10 and 1000 μg/kg the terminal half-life of elimination from whole blood (t1/2β) increased from 29.9±7.8 to 209.3±32.6 min, and the total body clearance (CL) decreased from 2.45±0.64 to 0.28±0.03 ml min−1 kg−1. Following an IV bolus of 10 and 100 μg/kg the administered Al was recovered completely from urine (94.4%±9.9% and 98.5%±3.2%). Twenty-nine days after the IV dose of 1000 μg/kg daily renal excretion decreased to baseline values while only 55.1%±8.0% of the dose was excreted. Nineteen days after the single IV dose of 1000 μg/kg Al accumulated in liver (28.1±7.7 versus 1.7±0.5 μg/g of control rats) and spleen (72.5±21.1 versus 〈0.4 μg/g). After the single 1000 μg/kg IG dose no absorption of Al was detectable. The IG dose of 12000 μg/kg resulted in a maximum blood Al level of 47.9±12.4 μg/l after 50 min. The blood concentration time curve fitted a one-compartment open model with a half-life of absorption of 28.2±3.6 min and a t1/2β of 81.2±20.2 min. Cumulative renal Al excretion was 0.18%±0.10% of the dose and oral bioavailability was 0.02%. Seventeen days after the 12000 μg/kg IG dose the Al content in femur samples was increased (2.7±1.3 versus 0.6±0.4 μg/g). In no case was fecal elimination of incorporated Al observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01972620
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hair zinc of young children from rural and urban areas in North Rhine-Westphalia, Federal Republic of Germany (1988)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 147 (1988), S. 179-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Zinc ; Hair ; North Rhine-Westphalia ; Atomic absorption spectrophotometry ; Children
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Hair zinc levels were estimated by atomic absorption spectrophotometry in 474 children, aged 3–7 years, from 11 kindergartens in a highly industrialized and polluted area (Duisburg) and 8 kindergartens in a rural area of North Rhine-Westphalia. The mean hair zinc level amounted to 118 μg/g, increasing between the 4th and 7th year of life. At all ages the values from the urban toddlers were lower than from rural toddlers, and in both regions they were higher in winter than in summer. Children with frequent upper respiratory tract infections (〉6 infections/year) showed significantly lower zinc hair values, independent of their age. Low hair zinc values (below 70 μg/g) were frequently found, raising the question as to whether this is a normal, age-related phenomenon, or whether it indicates a suboptimal zinc status of young children from North Rhine-Westphalia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00442218
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphology and distribution of Müller cells in the retina of the toad Bufo marinus (1993)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 272 (1993), S. 183-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Retina ; Müller cells ; Neuron-specific enolase ; Immunocytochemistry ; Quantitative analysis ; Ultrastructure ; Bufo marinus (Anura)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have previously shown that an antibody against neuron-specific enolase (NSE) selectively labels Müller cells (MCs) in the anuran retina (Wilhelm et al. 1992). In the present study the light- and electron-microscopic morphology of MCs and their distribution were described in the retina of the toad, Bufo marinus, using the above antibody. The somata of MCs were located in the proximal part of the inner nuclear layer and were interconnected with each other by their processes. The MCs were uniformly distributed across the retina with an average density of 1500 cells/mm2. Processes of MCs encircled the somata of photoreceptor cells isolating them from each other by glial sheath, except for those of the double cones. Some of the photoreceptor pedicles remained free of glial sheath. Electron-microscopic observations confirmed that MC processes provide an extensive scaffolding across the neural retina. At the outer border of the ganglion cell layer these processes formed a non-continuous sheath. The MC processes traversed through the ganglion cell layer and spread beneath it between the neuronal somata and the underlying optic axons. These processes formed a continuous inner limiting membrane separating the optic fibre layer from the vitreous tissue. Neither astrocytic nor oligodendrocytic elements were found in the optic fibre layer. The significance of the uniform MC distribution and the functional implications of the observed pattern of MC scaffolding are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00323585
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bacterial interference by anaerobic species isolated from human feces (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 6 (1987), S. 266-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eighty-four anaerobic fecal isolates obtained from five healthy volunteers were tested for their ability to inhibit in vitro growth of eight species of Enterobacteriaceae,four species of faculative gram-positive cocci, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Forty-nine of the 84 anaerobic isolates (58 %) inhibited the growth of at least one indicator bacterium. Isolates of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium spp. were most consistently inhibitory. Anaerobic cocci and clostridia were infrequently inhibitory; eubacteria showed no inhibitory activity.Serratia marcescens was the indicator most often inhibited; 54 % of all anaerobic isolates tested, all of nine Bifidobacterium isolates and 33 of 43 Bacteroides isolates inhibited this organism. No anaerobes inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Citrobacter freundii, Citrobacter diversus orStreptococcus faecalis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017610
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A case ofAspergillus fumigatus peritonitis complicating liver transplantation (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 13 (1994), S. 25-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 55-year-old male underwent orthotopic liver transplantation for sub-fulminant hepatitis B/delta infection superimposed on probable genetic hemochromatosis with early cirrhosis. Pre-operatively, he demonstrated serologic evidence of cytomegalovirus reactivation and developed cytomegalovirus viremia when ganciclovir was discontinued post-operatively. His post-operative course was complicated by chronic ductopenic rejection, biliary anastomotic leak, and persistent confusion and malaise. At the time of laparotomy for repair of the bile leak, nodular peritoneal lesions were noted, with biopsy and culture showing angioinvasiveAspergillus fumigatus. Despite administration of amphotericin B, the patient continued to have culture-confirmed evidence of infection at follow-up peritoneoscopy. Oral itraconazole was begun, but the patient died of liver failure secondary to progressive ductolpenic rejection. At autopsy,Aspergillus organisms were seen in histologic sections taken from the small bowel; there was no evidence of disseminated disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02026119
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal expansion, sound velocities, specific heat and pressure derivative ofT c in YBa2Cu3O7 (1988)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 69 (1988), S. 459-463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report measurements, between helium and room temperature, of the thermal expansion α(T), sound velocitiesv L (T) andv T (v) and specific heatC(T) of YBa2Cu3O7 samples, all cut from the same sintered pellet. A linear term in α(T) is resolved at low temperatures. It is compared with a corresponding term in the low temperature specific heat and, using the bulk modulus from our sound propagation measurements, a Grüneisen parameter of usual size (1.2±0.4) is derived-in conformity with the possible existence of non-superconducting carriers well belowT c . Longtime drift effects in the length of the sample between 30 K and 60 K point to the vicinity of a structural instability. The Debye temperature derived fromC(T) amounts to about 450 K atT=T c =91 K and forT→0 approaches 350 K, in agreement with the value deduced fromv L (T) andv T (T). The superconducting transition is indicated by anomalies with idealized discontinuities Δα and ΔC. A thermodynamic relation between Δα and ΔC yields the relative pressure derivative ofT c ,t p =T c −1 (∂T c /∂p) p→0=+(0.7±0.2)·10−7 kbar−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01312506
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of the finite element method to the simulation of sheet forming processes: Comparison of calculations and experiments (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 30 (1990), S. 1415-1430 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Elastic-plastic finite element calculations have been carried out to analyse sheet forming processes such as hydrostatic bulging of circular and rectangular blanks and the axisymmetric stretching of sheets (with different punch radii). The results, partly obtained by different finite element models, are compared with experimental data. It could be shown that, regarding the examples considered, experiments and calculations fit well and that a more sophisticated modelling of the contact boundary conditions improves the accuracy of the results. As a first attempt to handle more complex sheet forming operations, the deep drawing of a rectangular cup has been analysed. A summary of the theoretical background as well as some comments on the solution method and the implementation are given.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620300806
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of chemical-shift tensor orientations in methylene groups by separated-local-field NMR (1993)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 31 (1993), S. 352-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: Separated-local-field NMR ; Chemical-shift tensor orientations ; Poly(ethylene oxide) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 13C chemical-shift tensor orientations in the OCH2CH2O moieties of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were determined by means of 1H—13C separated-local-field NMR spectroscopy, and the literature values for the shift tensors in polyethylene (PE) and polyoxymethylene (POM) were improved. An angular resolution of ± 4° was attained on standard equipment with 90° pulse lengths exceeding 4 μs. Relatively high uniformity of the methylene tensor orientations, complying with local molecular symmetry, was found.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1260310408
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and Characterization of two Extracellular β-Glucosidases from Trichoderma viride ITCC 1433 (1986)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 6 (1986), S. 115-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: T. viride ITCC 1433 synthesizes a two component system for the hydrolysis of cellobiose and cellooligodextrins. 80% of the total activity are solubilized during growth. The large protein (A), mol. weight 98 000 d, is glycosylated and slightly acidic (pH = 6.1). The smaller protein (B), mol. weight 70 000 d, is unglycosylated and neutral (pH = 7.2). Both proteins form a two-step system where β-glucosidase A is active at low substrate concentrations (KM = 2.3 × 10-4 M cellobiose) while β-glucosidase B covers the range of 10-fold higher cellobiose concentrations (KM = 1.8 × 10-3 M). The enzymes are fairly stable with a residual activity of 70% at 50°C after 24 h.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370060203
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