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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 2986-2990 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS) has been used to study damage formation and substitutionality in synthetic diamonds implanted with 250-keV 75As++ at either 600 °C or room temperature. Lattice damage following implantation at 600 °C was substantially less than damage following room-temperature implantation and appears to be composed of a higher fraction of extended defects. A significant portion of the As implanted at 600 °C was found to be in substitutional lattice sites with substitutional fractions as high as 50%. Changing the ion flux by three orders of magnitude during high-temperature implantation had no effect on either residual damage or substitutionality as indicated by the RBS analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 2225-2233 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this work the buildup of damage due to deuterium implantation in highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) is investigated. HOPG was implanted with 10–30 keV D3+ at different target temperatures between room temperature and 773 K with fluences from 1014 to 1018 D/cm2. Subsequently, the damage due to the implantation and the retained deuterium were measured by Rutherford backscattering (RBS) in a channeling direction (RBSc) and by the D(3He, p)α nuclear reaction analysis (NRA), respectively. The damage of selected samples was additionally observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The initial trapping efficiency is unity in the whole temperature and energy range. The maximum retention of the deuterium, however, depends on the temperature and implantation energy. The damage in HOPG measured with RBSc starts to saturate at 5×1015 D/cm2 (295 K) and 1.3×1017 D/cm2 (773 K). Both fluences are well below the fluence at which amorphization is observed in TEM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 488-499 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this paper, a number of the methods of nonlinear dynamics are applied to the study of electrostatic turbulence in a magnetized, steady-state, partially ionized plasma. Electrostatic potential fluctuations were obtained by using a capacitative probe. These signals were captured, digitized, and recorded with a LeCroy transient recorder system interfaced to an IBM-AT personal computer. A commercially available software program was used to calculate power spectra, to reconstruct and plot phase portraits, take Poincaré sections, compute correlation dimensions and Lyapunov exponents, and to perform other manipulations of the time series of electrostatic potential fluctuations obtained from the plasma. Evidence of low-dimensional chaos was sought, and trends were investigated which related the state of the turbulence to such plasma parameters as the anode voltage (rms electrostatic potential), background gas pressure (collisionality), and magnetic induction. These variables were found to have a significant effect on the nonlinear dynamics of the plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 1340-1342 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of solid phase epitaxy (SPE) have been measured in MeV ion-implanted amorphous Si layers up to 5 μm thick. Epitaxial crystallization in these layers occurs at a constant rate throughout the entire film, without loss of interface planarity or competition from random nucleation or twin formation. The activation energy for SPE in thick layers is found to be 2.70 eV, in excellent agreement with the value determined previously in much thinner films. The SPE kinetics are shown not to depend on the implant dose for doses up to 1000 times the threshold for amorphization. The presence of water vapor in the annealing ambient during SPE results in the indiffusion of hydrogen and a concomitant reduction of the SPE growth rate at distances as great as 2 μm from the surface. This effect may have important implications for the development of a microscopic model of the SPE process in silicon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 818-820 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial structures of ZnTe(100) and CdZnTe(100)/ZnTe(100) have been deposited by molecular-beam epitaxy onto Si(100) substrates misoriented from 0° to 8° towards the [011] direction. The films were characterized with x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence spectroscopy, optical microscopy, and stylus profilometry. Single-crystal CdZnTe(100) films comparable in structural quality to those obtained with growth on GaAs/Si composite substrates have been demonstrated on both 4° and 8° misoriented Si with the use of ZnTe buffer layers. X-ray rocking curves with FWHM less than 300 arcsec for ZnTe (400) and less than 160 arcsec for CdZnTe(400) have been obtained for as-grown films. Specular surface morphologies, superior to those obtained on GaAs/Si composite substrates, are also observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 31 (1959), S. 1738-1738 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) is a cytokine-in-ducible adhesion molecule which is known to mediate adhesion of mononuclear cells to endothelial cells in vitro via binding to the integrin VLA-4 (very late antigen-4). To further elucidate the role and regulation of VCAM-1 in vivo, we compared in vitro and in vivo expression of VCAM-1 in response to cytokines and investigated immunohistochemically the expression of VCAM-1 in three murine models of experimental inflammation. These models differed with regard to the pathogenetic mechanism and the subsequent infiltrate: allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to DNFB as a T cell-controlled, DTH type of inflammation, cutaneous infection with Leishmania major as a chronic granulomatous inflammation and the cauterized cornea as a model for acute inflammation. VCAM-1 was found to be markedly enhanced on vascular endothelia in all types of inflammation and after subcutaneous administration of LPS and TNF-a. Administration of IL-4, however, failed to induce VCAM-1 both in vivo and in vitro. The increased VCAM-1 expression in the inflammatory models correlated with the appearance of infiltrating monocytes/ macrophages. A concomitant influx of CD4-positive/CD8-positive lymphocytes was only observed in ACD and Leishmaniasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Comparative clinical pathology 2 (1992), S. 140-147 
    ISSN: 1433-2981
    Keywords: Immunodeficiency ; Intracellular calcium ; Myeloperoxidase ; Oxidative metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neutrophils from young calves (2-4 months old) had significantly lower iodination, oxidative metabolism, chemotaxis and random migration, but higher antibody-independent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (AINC) activity than neutrophils from mature cattle (2–3-years old). Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and oxidative metabolism were enhanced, and random migration was diminished in both groups by in vitro recombinant bovine IFN-γ (rboIFN-γ) treatment. Neutrophils from both groups had enhanced AINC activity and reduced chemotactic responsiveness after incubation in rboIFN-γ, however, these differences were significant only in the mature cattle. RboIFN-γ decreased the cytoplasmic Ca2+ flux in both groups. Neutrophils from young calves had lower cytochrome c reduction and iodination activity than mature cattle in response to both phorbol myristate acetate and opsonised zymosan. Lysed neutrophils from young calves had significantly less myeloperoxidase activity than those from mature cattle. It was also observed that the size of neutrophils increased with age in calves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Neuropeptides ; Inflammation ; Macrophages ; Endothelium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on leukocyte infiltration during allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in mice were studied. Concomitant topical application of SP or CGRP with the allergen oxazolone resulted in enhanced leukocyte recruitment at the sites of challenge. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that the numbers of T-helper (L3T4+) and cytotoxic (Lyt-2) lymphocytes and infiltrating macrophages (BM8+) were increased. In addition, ICAM-1 and MHC class II molecule expression by these cells was enhanced after neuropeptide application. Analysis by confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed an increase in the immunoreactivity for SP and CGRP in nerve fibres during the course of ACD. Flow cytometry studies showed that SP and CGRP did not upregulate expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 by murine endothelial cell lines in vitro. This suggests that increased infiltration of leukocytes during ACD is not a consequence of direct neuropeptide-promoted upregulation of endothelial adhesion molecules in vivo. In conclusion, our observations provide evidence for a modulatory role of neuropeptides in the pathogenesis of ACD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 284 (1992), S. 386-390 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: 27E10 antigen ; Calcium binding proteins ; Inflammatory dermatoses ; Keratinocytes ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The expression of the heterodimeric complex of the calcium-binding proteins MRP-8 and MRP-14 was investigated in various inflammatory dermatoses using immunohistochemical staining with the monoclonal antibody 27E10. In addition to the inflammatory infiltrate, a positive staining was repeatedly found in the involved epidermis from patients with lichen planus, lupus erythematosus and psoriasis vulgaris, but not in normal skin epidermis and/or in epidermis from leucocytoclastic vasculitis patients. The keratinocytic expression of the 27E10 antigen was dissimilar to that of the MHC class-II molecules and the adhesion molecule ICAM-1. These data indicate that the 27E10 antigen is a distinct activation marker of inflammatory keratinocytes and may have proinflammatory properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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