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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of hydrotreatment of various heavy oils as solvent for coal liquefaction (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Energy & fuels 5 (1991), S. 98-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5029
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef00025a017
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maternal transfer of HCV (1991)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 353 (1991), S. 609-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the main causative agent for sporadic as well as parenteral cases of non-A, non-B hepatitis1'2. It is not clear, however, whether the virus can be transmitted other than by blood transfusion. Mother-to-child transmission, which is the main route for the hepatitis B ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/353609a0
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dose escalation trial of a novel calcium antagonist, AT877, in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 107 (1990), S. 11-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Subarachnoid haemorrhage ; chronic cerebral vasospasm ; calcium antagonist ; AT877 ; HA 1077
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The initial dose-escalating clinical trial of a novel calcium antagonist, AT877, in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage is reported. AT877 is characterized by its strong spasmolytic activity, its inhibition of intracellular calcium ion activity, and the inhibiton of several protein kinases. A total of 113 patients (Hunt and Hess grades I to IV) who had undergone surgery within 3 days of aneurysmal rupture entered the study. Patients were divided into 5 groups according to the total daily dose of AT877: I: 20 mg; II: 40 mg; III: 60 mg; IV: 90 mg; and V: 120–180 mg. AT877 was given by intravenous infusion over 30 min two or three times a day for 14 days after surgery. Although AT877 did not completely abolish angiographic vasospasm, severe vasospasm was seen less frequently in patients given higher doses. Vasospasm was the cause of a poor clinical outcome (Glasgow outcome scale rating 3 or greater) in 19%, 7%, 9%, 8%, and 6% of the patients in groups I to V, respectively. The results indicated a favourable clinical effect of AT877 at doses above 40 mg per day. Only mild hypotension was seen, even when 60 mg of AT877 was infused over 30 min. AT877 appears to be effective in patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage. Part of its effect may be attributable to protection of the brain from ischaemic insults due to chronic cerebral vasospasm. However, the drug still needs to be evaluated in a placebo-controlled double-blind trial (which is currently being carried out).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01402606
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in urinaryn-hexane metabolites by co-exposure to various concentrations of methyl ethyl ketone and fixedn-hexane levels (1990)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 64 (1990), S. 165-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: n-Hexane ; Urinary metabolites ; Mixed exposure ; MEK
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To make clear how then-hexane metabolism is modified by co-exposure with MEK, rats were exposed to various concentrations of MEK mixed with a fixed concentration ofn-hexane. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups. Each group was exposed for 8 h to 2000 ppmn-hexane, 2000 ppmn-hexane plus 200 ppm MEK, 2000 ppmn-hexane plus 630 ppm MEK and 2000 ppmn-hexane plus 2000 ppm MEK, respectively. Free metabolites and the sum of free and conjugated metabolites ofn-hexane were analyzed by gas chromatography. The main metabolite was 2-hexanol during the exposure and 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD) after the exposure in any group. The main metabolites, 2-hexanol and 2,5 HD, decreased in iverse proportion to the co-exposed MEK concentrations. The results suggest that augmentation ofn-hexane neurotoxicity by MEK co-exposure could not be explained only by 2,5-HD. In addition, 2,5-HD is recommended as an index for biological monitoring ofn-hexane exposure. However, one should be careful to evaluate the exposedn-hexane concentration by urinary 2,5-HD, becausen-hexane metabolism could be largely modified by co-exposure with MEK.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01974405
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of metabolism and neurotoxicity of hexane by co-exposure of toluene (1993)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 65 (1993), S. S227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Biological monitoring ; Co-exposure ; Hexane ; 2,5-Hexanedione ; Toluene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of co-exposure of hexane and toluene were investigated in field surveys and animal experiments. One field survey suggested that increase of hexane content in adhesives might have caused an outbreak of polyneuropathy in a vinyl sandal manufacture in Japan. The animal experiments proved that co-exposure of hexane and toluene decrease hexane neurotoxicity and urinary excretion of hexane metabolites in rats. The results also suggested that toluene might inhibit metabolism of hexane. Another recent field survey indicated that the ratio of urinary 2,5-hexanedione to hexane exposure in the workers co-exposed to hexane and toluene decreased in parallel with in more crease of toluene concentration. The results indicated that urinary excretion of 2,5-hexanedione could be depressed by co-exposure of toluene even in the workers exposed to relatively low concentrations. These above-mentioned results suggest that co-exposure of hexane and toluene could inhibit hexane metabolism and decrease hexane neurotoxicity in both experimental animals and workers. Although metabolism of hexane could be easily modified by toluene or other solvents and might not be a good indicator for hexane exposure in mixed exposure, urinary 2,5-hexanedione might be a good indicator for neurotoxicity of hexane even in mixed exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00381347
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunological comparison between prostate-specific antigen and γ-seminoprotein (1991)
    Springer
    Urological research 19 (1991), S. 25-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Prostate cancer ; Tumor marker ; Prostate-specific antigen ; γ-Seminoprotein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Prostate-specific antigen (PA) and γ-seminoprotein (γ-Sm) were compared by immunocytochemical, immunodiffusion and immunoblotting methods using rabbit anti-PA antibody and rabbit anti-γ-Sm antibody. Enzyme immunoassys (EIAs) were developed for measurements of PA and γ-Sm to determine a correlation between serum PA and γ-Sm levels in patients with prostate cancer. The patterns of localization and distribution of PA and γ-Sm were identical in prostate tissue sections, including benign and cancerous human prostacs. The immunodiffusion study showed that the antigens with which anti-PA antibody and anti-γ-Sm antibody reacted in seminal plasma and prostate tissue homogenates were identical to each other. In the immunoblotting study, anti-PA antibody and anti-γ-Sm antibody recognized a single antigen corresponding to a molecular weight of approximately 33,000 both in seminal plasma and prostate tissue homogenates. The EIAs developed in this study were sensitive, specific, and reproducible, and the correlation between serum PA and γ-Sm values determined by these EIAs was highly significant (r=0.99, P(0.001). These results indicated that PA and γ-Sm were immunologically identical and that serum PA and γ-Sm determined by immunoassays using anti-PA antibody and anti-γ-Sm antibody should be evaluated as identical tumor markers for serodiagnosis of prostate cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294017
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