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  • 1990-1994  (7)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase selection in interfacial reaction of Ni/amorphous Si multilayers (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 4313-4318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interfacial reaction in Ni and amorphous Si (a-Si) multilayers (Ni/a-Si) has been studied. Transmission electron microscope observation was used to monitor the progress of the solid-state reaction. It was found that amorphous Ni-silicide phase [a-(Ni,Si)] is the first phase formed in the Ni and a-Si interfacial reaction. A relatively large composition range for the amorphous phase exists in these Ni/a-Si multilayers. In the as-deposited Ni/a-Si multilayers with shorter modulation period, the uniform a-(Ni,Si) phase forms at least in the composition range of 25–62 at. % Ni. These results are consistent with predictions from the calculated Gibbs free-energy diagram. The δ-Ni2Si phase is the preferred phase in the crystallization process of a-(Ni,Si) even for the equiatomic Ni/a-Si multilayers. The mechanism that controls phase selection in the Ni/a-Si interfacial reaction is discussed using nucleation theory. A nucleation control model for phase selection is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352814
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase evolution upon ion mixing and solid-state reaction and thermodynamic interpretation in the Ni-Nb system (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 1702-1710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The amorphization of Ni-Nb multilayered alloy films by xenon ion irradiation at room temperature and by high-temperature solid-state reaction was studied. The composition range favoring amorphization was carefully determined to be 20–85 at. % Ni by energy-dispersive spectroscopy attached to the transmission electron microscope. A new metastable crystalline phase (MX) of hexagonal structure was formed in Ni75Nb25 and Ni70Nb30 multilayered films. Interestingly, in the Ni75Nb25 multilayered films, with increasing mixing dose an amorphous phase was first formed and then the MX-phase was observed, while in the Ni70Nb30 multilayered films the MX phase was formed at relatively low doses and turned amorphous upon further mixing or 400 °C annealing for 2 h. Besides, annealing of the as-deposited Ni70Nb30 multilayered films at 300 °C for half an hour also resulted in the formation of the MX phase. The thermal stability of the ion-mixed amorphous alloys was also studied by subsequent annealing. To give semiquantitative interpretation to all the above observations, the Gibbs free-energy diagram of the system, in which especially the free-energy curve of the MX phase is added, was constructed on the basis of the model of Nissen et al. [CALPHAD 7, 51 (1981)] and the method proposed by Alonso and Simozar [Solid State Commun. 46, 765 (1983)]. The explanation based on this diagram is in good agreement with our experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353205
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid-state amorphization reaction in polycrystalline Ni and amorphous Si multilayer (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 7217-7221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Interdiffusion-induced solid-state amorphization reaction (SSAR) in polycrystalline Ni/amorphous Si multilayers has been studied using an in situ x-ray diffraction technique together with transmission electron microscope observations. The amorphization reaction was found to occur both on the Ni/Si interfaces in terms of a planar-layer growth model and along the grain boundaries in the Ni sublayers. Thermodynamic and kinetic interpretations for the SSAR at grain boundaries are presented and an amorphous growth model is also suggested for elucidating the SSAR in polycrystalline Ni/amorphous Si multilayers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352395
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-performance sintered R2Fe14BNx (R=Nd/Pr/Dy) magnets : The 5th Joint MMM−Intermag Conference (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 6600-6602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-performance R2Fe14BNx-type magnets (R=Nd and/or Pr/Dy) were successfully prepared by sintering. The optimum magnetic properties are coercivity iHc: 680–1440 kA/m; Hc: 500–1000 kA/m; Br: 1.0–1.3 T; and (BH)m: 180–250 kJ/m3 depending on the composition and processing parameters, especially the proper sintering conditions, including nitrogen intake at 1040 to 1050 °C. The magnets thus obtained have Tc values of 335 to 370 °C depending on the nitrogen content, which should be 〈6 at. % for thermal stability. The anisotropy field increases from 6.2 to 8 T with addition of nitrogen, and magnetization measured at 2 T increases by 18%. The weight loss after immersion in a 5% HCl solution for 30 min is 25% less for nitrogenated magnets than for those without nitrogen, due to the replacement of the Nd-rich phase at grain boundaries by more corrosion- resistant nitrides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.349870
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and Genetic Studies of the Inhibition of Dominant Male Sterility in Brassica napus (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 113 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: By transferring dominant male sterility (DMS), caused by the gene Ms, to genotypes with various types of cytoplasm 12 DMS lines were developed and a number of crosses made between the DMS lines and other genotypes of Brassica napus. During the course of this population improvement programme, 16 genotypes were identified as having the capacity to restore the fertility of F1 plants with the Ms gene. According to pedigree analysis, the inhibitory gene in those lines probably originated from a few genotypes from Australia and Germany. In further studies the inheritance of the sterility inhibition was determined, providing definite evidence that dominant male sterility and its inhibition in B. napus are controlled by two dominant interacting genes rather than by multiple alleles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1994.tb00726.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interdiffusion study of amorphous Ni–Si multilayer at low temperature (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 2471-2474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Little is known about the interdiffusion in the amorphous Ni–Si multilayer due to the lack of suitable experimental method. In this paper, the interdiffusion phenomena in the amorphous Ni–Si multilayer are investigated by an in situ x-ray diffraction technique. The temperature-dependent interdiffusivity obtained by monitoring the decay of the first-order modulation peak as a function of annealing time can be described in terms of the Arrhenius relation. The effective interdiffusivities can be expressed as De(T)=2.13 ×10−17 exp[−(0.61±0.02)/kBT] m2/s (423–613 K). A retarded interstitial diffusion mechanism is suggested to explain the diffusion process in the amorphous multilayer films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354684
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined therapy with probucol and pravastatin in hypercholesterolaemia (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 535-539 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Apolipoproteins ; Hypercholesterolaemia ; Pravastatin ; lipids ; lipoproteins ; probucol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of co-administration of low doses of pravastatin to hypercholesterolaemic patients already receiving long-term probucol treatment (mean 500–1,000 mg/day for 350 days) were investigated. Pravastatin 5 mg/day (Group 1; 12m, 13f; mean age 59.1 y) or 10 mg/day (Group 2; 8m, 11f; mean age 60.8 y) was administered, and blood was taken after 0, 3, 6, and 12 months. Both groups showed a significant reduction in serum total cholesterol (TC), phospholipid (PL), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), LDL-triglyceride (TG), LDL-PL, apolipoprotein (apo) B, and apo E after the combined therapy. These levels were reduced more in Group 2 than in Group 1 subjects. In Group 2, significant falls in serum TG and apo CII were also observed. The changes in TC, PL, LDL-C, apo B, apo CII and apo E were dependent upon the dose of pravastatin, as assessed by two-way analysis of variance. Serum high density lipoprotein (HDL)3-C, apo AI and apo AII were slightly but significantly increased in both groups after 12 months of combined therapy, but the increase was not sufficient to reverse the probucol-induced lowering of the HDL level. We conclude that combined therapy resulted in a significant reduction in atherogenic lipoproteins and apolipoproteins, and an increasing dose of pravastatin (5 mg to 10 mg daily) made the lipid lowering effect more prominent. The reduction in serum HDL-C due to long-term probucol administration was not reversed by the addition of pravastatin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02440854
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