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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of Ge on a Te adsorbed Si(001) surface (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 71 (1992), S. 4277-4285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The growth process in the initial deposition stage of Ge films on an Si(001) surface where tellurium is adsorbed was investigated. The growth mode of these films was found to change to layered growth on a Te/Si(001) surface, i.e., Te atoms were observed on the surface of the Ge films as a result of successive site exchanges between the Te and Ge atoms. Thus, Te is believed to act as a surfactant to grow Ge in a layer-by-layer mode on a Si substrate. The growth process was observed in situ by reflection high-energy electron diffraction and low-energy electron diffraction, with the microstructure of Ge films being examined in detail using a transmission electron microscope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.350809
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Causes of low seed set in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A field experiment was conducted to clarify the factors responsible for poor seed set in four white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cultivars. Although the mean number of ovules per floret was 5·18–5·29, the average number of seeds per floret was found to be only 1·23-1·82. A stainclearing technique was used to examine the cytoplasmic state of the embryo sac in intact, unfertilized, mature ovules and it was found that 28–33% of ovules per carpel were sterile. The abortion rate of fertilized ovules and immature seeds (7 days after pollination) ranged between 32 and 34%. Beyond this period, it was observed that only a very small proportion of the total seeds were lost. The observation of high pollen fertility and a high pollen load strongly suggests that poor pollination does not account for the reduced number of seeds per floret. A ‘nutrient competition’ hypothesis was proposed for high ovule sterility and post-fertilization abortion of developing seeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1993.tb01839.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surfactant-mediated growth of germanium on silicon (001) with submonolayer coverage of Sb and Te (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 2507-2511 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Surfactant-mediated growth of germanium on silicon (001) with submonolayer coverages of antimony and tellurium, respectively, was investigated with reflection high-energy electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Approximately 0.2 monolayer of antimony is needed for a complete suppression of islanding for the growth at 450 °C. For growth at a lower temperature (270 °C), only approximately 10% of a monolayer antimony or tellurium is needed in order to obtain smooth epitaxial germanium layers. No differences could be detected between tellurium and antimony in the behavior as a surfactant. The performed surfactant-mediated growth experiments can be understood as the kinetic suppression of islanding due to a reduction in surface diffusion of germanium adatoms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354690
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calcium regulating activity of 26,27-dimethyl analog of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 190-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone resorption ; Osteoclast-like cell formation ; Bone Ca mobilization ; Intestinal Ca transport ; 24R,25-dihydroxy-26,27-dimethylvitamin D3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract To determine the possibility that methyl substitution in 26- and 27-positions of 24R,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [24,25(OH)2D3] alters activities of the original compound, the effects of 24,25(OH)2D3 on calcium (Ca) regulating activity were compared with those of its methyl analog [24,25(OH)2(CH3)2D3] in addition to 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. 24,25(OH)2D3 at 10-6 M and 24,25(OH)2(CH3)2D3 at 10-7 M and above significantly stimulated both bone resorption in neonatal mouse calvaria cultures and formation of osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (MNC) in mouse bone marrow cultures. A stimulative effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on bone resorption and MNC formation was recognized in very low concentrations (10-11 M and above). Although a potency of 24,25(OH)2(CH3)2D3 in stimulating bone calcium (Ca) mobilization and intestinal Ca transport was higher than that of 24,25(OH)2D3, the potencies of both compounds were similar to that of 1,25(OH)2D3 unlike in vitro experiments. As 1,24R,25-trihydroxy-26,27-dimethylvitamin D3 showed almost the same effect as 24,25(OH)2(CH3)2D3, the dihydroxy form is suggested to be hydroxylated at 1α position and converted to trihydroxy form in vitamin D-deficient rats. From these results, methyl substitution in 26- and 27-position of 24,25(OH)2D3 was found to elevate Ca regulating activity of the original compound. In addition, it is suggested that the basis for a similarity in potency between 1,25(OH)2D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 or its dimethyl analog in vitamin D-deficient rats is likely the result of 1 α-hydroxylation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00425874
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A family of selective immunodeficiency with normal immunoglobulins: possible autosomal dominant inheritance (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 328-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words: Specific antibody deficiency – Autosomal dominant TSST-1 – Toxic shock syndrome – Staphylococcal infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. We report here our findings in two Japanese siblings who experienced recurrent bacterial and viral infections since early infancy. Recent symptoms included diarrhoea, conjunctivitis, rashes, headache, sore throat, joint pain, vomiting and vertigo, all similar to those seen in toxic shock syndrome, except for shock. These symptoms improved following gammaglobulin treatment. Staphylococcus aureus with coagulase type IV was continuously isolated from nasal smears producing toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). Serum antibodies did not or only poorly responded to TSST-1, diphtheria toxoid, varicella virus and rubella virus, whereas total and subclass levels of serum immunoglobulin and in vitro DNA synthesis of lymphocytes stimulated by TSST-1, Staph. aureus, varicella vaccine and mitogens were normal. In the family, ten other members in three generations (five males : five females) including the mother had similar clinical symptoms. Thus, the disease may be inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01956412
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-neutrophil antibodies in patients with nutritional copper deficiency (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 150 (1991), S. 327-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Copper deficiency ; Neutropenia ; Autoantibodies ; Anti-neutrophil antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ten patients with nutritional copper deficiency were studied in terms of neutrophil counts and anti-neutrophil antibodies (ANA). In four patients with severe or moderate copper deficiency, the production of ANA was positive and two patients with a severe deficiency had neutropenia. After copper supplementation, ANA titres became negative or were reduced in all patients and neutrophil counts reverted to normal in two patients. It thus appears that copper deficiency is linked to the production of ANA, a condition which partly responsible for neutropenia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01955933
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A family of selective immunodeficiency with normal immunoglobulins: possible autosomal dominant inheritance (1994)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 153 (1994), S. 328-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Specific antibody deficiency ; Autosomal dominant ; TSST-1 ; Toxic shock syndrome ; Staphylococcal infection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report here our findings in two Japanese siblings who experienced recurrent bacterial and viral infections since early infancy. Recent symptoms included diarrhoea, conjunctivitis, rashes, headache, sore throat, joint pain, vomiting and vertigo, all similar to those seen in toxic shock syndrome, except for shock. These symptoms improved following gammaglobulin treatment.Staphylococcus aureus with coagulase type IV was continuously isolated from nasal smears producing toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). Serum antibodies did not or only poorly responded to TSST-1, diphtheria toxoid, varicella virus and rubella virus, whereas total and subclass levels of serum immunoglobulin and in vitro DNA synthesis of lymphocytes stimulated by TSST-1,Staph. aureus, varicella vaccine and mitogens were normal. In the family, ten other members in three generations (five males: five females) including the mother had similar clinical symptoms. Thus, the disease may be inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01956412
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of food on serum ambenonium concentration in patients with myasthenia gravis (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 371-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Ambenonium chloride ; Myasthenia gravis ; dietary effect ; serum concentration ; adverse effects ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Influence of food on the serum concentration and kinetics ambenonium chloride (AMBC) has been examined in thirteen patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). Mean serum concentrations and Cmax during fasting were higher than those in the non-fasting state. The AUC (0–3 h) was also about four-times larger. The drug effects versus the serum concentration were observed to be anti-clockwise or clockwise. The effective range of the Cmax varied between patients. The unexpected increase in Cmax led to adverse muscarinic actions of AMBC, when the condition was changed from the non-fasting to the fasting state. It is recommended that the dose be changed during non-fasting treatment when adjusting the optimum regimen for patients myasthenia gravis. Patients must be advised to keep to the dosing and dietary schedule in order to avoid unexpected adverse actions to AMBC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280120
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cultivar variation for seed development in white clover (Trifolium repens L.) (1992)
    Springer
    Euphytica 65 (1992), S. 211-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: ovule number ; ovule sterility ; seed abortion ; seed set ; Trifolium repens ; white clover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A controlled environment study was undertaken to clarify the factors responsible for poor seed set and to study seed development, ovule degeneration and seed abortion, both morphologically and cytologically, in three Japanese cultivars of white clover. Although the mean number of ovules per floret was 4.2–5.1, the average number of seeds per floret was found to be only 2.3–2.7. Microscopic examination of carpels from 0 to 28 days following floret maturity and pollination showed that 26–33% and 8–17% of the total seeds lost occurred within the first three days and the third through fifth day following pollination, respectively. Beyond this period occasional seed abortion was observed at all stages of seed development, but this represented a very small proportion (2–7%) of the total seeds lost. A stain clearing technique was used to examine the cytoplasmic state of the embryo sac in intact, unfertilized, mature ovules and embryos of the ovules at 3 and 5-day periods following pollination. It was found that 20–22% of unfertilized and matured ovules were sterile, suggesting that ovule degeneration before fertilization was the major cause for the high percentage of seeds lost within a 0 to 3-day period following pollination. Cytological observations revealed that abortion of developing seed was due to a sudden arrest in embryo growth and that the early development of the embryo of such aborting seed was normal. Either nutrient shortage or meiotic irregularities may be the cause for high ovule sterility or post-fertilization abortion of developing seeds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023085
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant regeneration of meristematic callus of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) cooled to −196°C by vitrification (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 70 (1993), S. 197-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: cryopreservation ; meristemoid ; Trifolium repens ; vitrification ; white clover
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary A callus line of white clover capable of forming numerous meristemoids (meristematic cell masses) has been selected and subcultured on agar B5 medium containing 0.5 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l kinetin for three years. The meristematic callus was successfully cryopreserved by vitrification and subsequently regenerated plants. Preculturing callus in liquid B5 medium containing 0.6 M sorbitol at 25°C for 16 hr was essential to the process. Precultured samples (50 mg) were transferred to a 1.8 ml plastic cryotube and then 1 ml of a highly concentrated cryoprotective solution (designated PVS2) was added and mixed. After treatment with PVS2 at 25°C for 7 min or 0°C for 20 min, the sample was directly plunged into LN. After rapid warming, PVS2 was drained from the cryotubes and replaced twice with liquid B5 medium containing 1.2 M sucrose. Samples were transferred onto filter disc over agar B5 medium. Some surviving cells in the cryopreserved meristematic callus proliferated and produced new meristemoids. After 30 days the meristematic callus was transferred onto hormone-free MS agar medium. The meristemoids developed directly into shoots and spontaneously formed roots. Plant regeneration efficiency expressed as a percent of control amounted to about 90%. This vitrification method appears promising as a routine method for cryopreserving meristematic callus of white clover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023760
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