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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of dermatology 27 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-4632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pterygium inversum unguis is a nail abnormality in which the distal aspect of the nail bed/hyponychium is adherent to the ventral surface of the nail plate, resulting in obliteration of the distal groove. We present a 50-year-old man who developed this abnormality on his right fingers and toes after a stroke that resulted in paresis of his right side. Unusual features of this case include the association with a neurologic disorder, assymetric distribution, involvement of toes as well as fingers, and occurrence in the male gender.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 91 (1987), S. 5093-5098 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure 6 (1977), S. 1-6 
    ISSN: 0084-6589
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 98 (1976), S. 2681-2682 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 379 (1978), S. 285-298 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Nasopharyngeal fibroma ; Nuclear inclusions ; Virus-like particles
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Light and electron microscopic investigations of four cases of juvenile nasopharyngeal fibroma revealed characteristic structures; a fibrous stroma, an inclination to hyalinisation and formation of scar like tissue, a lacunar thin walled vascular component, large numbers of mast cells and of fibroblasts. The tumor fibroblasts contained different nuclear bodies and particles. There existed five different types of more or less complex spherical bodies. The previously described nuclear electron dense particles with an electron lucent halo could be divided into four groups measuring 60, 90, 150 and 300 nm in diameter. In addition to the previously described ultrastructural properties of the tumors, the nuclei of the tumor fibroblasts were found to contain virus like particles. These particles were less electron dense, measuring 40 to 55 nm in diameter and arranged in groups throughout the nucleoplasm; they were different from chromatin condensations and from perichromatin granules. The structure and the size of the smallest particles was not comparable with the other nuclear inclusions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 76 (1988), S. 544-548 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Thermoregulation ; Habitat use ; Alpine marmots
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The body temperature (T b) of free-living alpine marmots rose with activity; the higher the effective environmental temperature (T e), the higher the rise. Maximum T bof 40° C was reached at the time of greatest activity in late afternoon or evening. The activity pattern was strongly influenced by the microclimate. Up to an T eof 25° C the animals spent more time above ground and were more active the higher T ewas, but above 25° C this trend was reversed, and the animals withdrew increasingly into their burrows. On warm days the activity pattern was therefore bimodal and above ground presence was reduced, in contrast to cool days. Hence behavioural thermoregulation limits the available time for above ground activity on days with high T ein this strictly diurnal species. We suggest that the alpine marmots' preference for south oriented slopes is due to the better conditions for hibernation there, the microclimate during summer is more favourable on northerly slopes. Thermoregulatory constraints could also keep alpine marmots away from lower elevations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hepatitis-B-core-Antigen ; Hepatitis-B-surface-Antigen ; akute Hepatitis ; chronisch aktive Hepatitis ; gesunde HB s Ag-Träger ; Leberbiopsie ; fluorescierende Antikörpertechnik ; Hepatitis-B-core-antigen ; hepatitis-B-surface-antigen ; acute hepatitis ; chronic active hepatitis ; healthy HB s Ag-carriers ; liver biopsy ; fluorescent antibody technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Liver biopsies of patients with inflammatory liver diseases and clinically healthy HB s Ag-carriers were examined for presence of intracellular HB s Ag, HB c Ag and IgG by direct immunofluorescence. The studies revealed the following results: 1. In most cases healthy HB s Ag-carriers had HB s Ag in the cytoplasm, but they did never show HB c Ag in the nuclei of hepatocytes. 2. In the early phase some patients with HB s Ag-positive acute hepatitis had HB c Ag and/or HB s Ag in their hepatocytes. In a normal course with complete recovery the immunoelimination may clear either phenomenon at variable stages of the disease. 3. Cases one year after complete recovery of acute virus B-hepatitis had no HB-components in their liver tissue. 2 cases without immunoelimination of HB s Ag developed chronic active hepatitis within one year and had HB c Ag in their liver cell nuclei. 4. Patients with HB s Ag-positive CAH and highly inflammatory activity had HB c Ag in the nuclei and a low percentage of cells with HB s Ag in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. HB s Ag-negative cases with CAH never had HB-components in their tissue. 5. Patients with HB s Ag-positive and -negative CAH in complete remission never had HB c Ag and HB s Ag in their hepatocytes. 6. Most cases with HB s Ag-positive acute hepatitis and chronic active hepatitis positive for HB c Ag had also IgG in the same liver cell nuclei. The coincidence of this finding gives strong evidence for the presence of anti-HB c in these liver cell nuclei. The importance of this finding for the course of the disease is unknown.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir untersuchten mit der direkten Immunfluorescenztechnik die Leberbiopsien von Patienten mit entzündlichen Lebererkrankungen auf intracelluläres HB s Ag, HB c Ag und IgG. Die Untersuchungen haben folgende Ergebnisse erbracht: 1. Klinisch gesunde HB s Ag-Träger hatten in den meisten Fällen HB s Ag im Cytoplasma, jedoch niemals HB c Ag in den Leberzellkernen. 2. Patienten mit HB s Ag-positiver akuter Hepatitis hatten in der Frühphase HB c Ag und/oder HB s Ag in den Hepatocyten. Unsere Befunde sprechen bei normalem Verlauf für eine komplette Immunelimination der HB-Komponenten zu verschiedenen Stadien der Erkrankung mit völliger Wiederherstellung. 3. Kontrollpunktate 1 Jahr nach Beginn einer HB s Ag-positiven Hepatitis zeigten bei völlig gesunden Patienten kein HB s Ag oder HB c Ag. Bei zwei Patienten ohne Immunelimination von HB s Ag entwickelte sich innerhalb eines Jahres eine chronisch aktive Hepatitis. Diese Patienten hatten HB c Ag in den Leberzellkernen. 4. Patienten mit HB s Ag-positiver CAH und Zeichen entzündlicher Aktivität hatten HB c Ag in den Zellkernen und in geringem Prozentsatz HB s Ag im Cytoplasma. HB s Ag-negative Fälle zeigten niemals HB-Komponenten im Gewebe. 5. In keinem Fall einer HB s Ag-positiven und -negativen CAH in Remission ließ sich HB s Ag und HB c Ag in Hepatocyten nachweisen. 6. In den meisten Fällen von HB s Ag-positiver AH und CAH, die HB c Ag-positiv waren, fand sich in den gleichen Zellkernen IgG. Die strenge Koinzidenz von HB c Ag und IgG läßt an das Vorliegen von anti-HB c in den Zellkernen denken. Die Bedeutung dieses Antikörpers in den Zellkernen für den weiteren Verlauf der Erkrankung ist unbekannt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Asymptomatic HBsAg-Carrier ; Characterization ; HBsAg-subtypes ; Immunserology and -histology ; Lebergesunder HBsAg-Träger ; Charakterisierung ; HBsAg-Subtypen ; Immunserologie und -histologie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wir haben 129 Blutspender, bei denen bei Routineuntersuchungen HBsAg im Serum festgestellt wurde, zur diagnostischen Klärung einer möglichen Lebererkrankung untersucht. Zwölf hatten, als sie zur klinischen und leberbioptischen Untersuchung aufgenommen wurden, schon kein HBsAg mehr im Serum. Keiner von diesen hatte klinisch oder histologisch Anhalt für eine entzündliche Lebererkrankung. Zwei der 129 Patienten hatten eine milde, ikterische Hepatitis, verloren das Antigen während des Verlaufes und wurden anti-HBs-positiv. Die übrigen 115 Patienten, die klinisch gesund erschienen und keine frühere ikterische Leberkrankheit hatten, blieben HBsAg-positiv während des bisherigen Verlaufes von im Mittel 17,3±3,0 Beobachtungsmonaten. 40 dieser Patienten hatten histologisch eine normale Leber und 37 geringe bis deutliche Verfettungen des Parenchyms ohne Entzündungszeichen. 11 Patienten hatten eine leichte unspezifische Mesenchymaktivierung ohne fokale Nekrosen, 16 Patienten hatten neben Einzelzellnekrosen mit mesenchymaler Reaktion milde portale Infiltrationen, 6 hatten eine chronisch persistierende Hepatitis, 4 eine chronisch aggressive Hepatitis und 1 Patient eine posthepatitische Cirrhose. Eine Anzahl biochemischer und immunologischer Werte dieser Patientengruppen wurden mit denen einer Gruppe von 88 HBsAg-negativen Blutspendern verglichen. Signifikant höhere SGOT-Werte wurden nur in der Gruppe der Patienten mit Verfettungen, der Gruppe mit Nekrosen und Reaktionen und der Gruppe mit chronisch aggressiver Hepatitis gefunden. Die SGPT-Werte waren nur in den beiden letzteren Gruppen signifikant höher. Der Mittelwert der gamma-GT war nur in der Patientengruppe mit Verfettungen signifikant höher als in der HBsAg-Trägergruppe mit normaler Histologie, nicht aber verglichen mit dem HBsAg-negativen Kontrollkollektiv. Signifikant erhöht waren auch die Bilirubinwerte in allen Gruppen außer der Gruppe mit chronisch aggressiver Hepatitis, jedoch blieben die Mittelwerte immer im Normbereich. Die relativen Häufigkeiten der HBsAg-Subtypen verteilten sich gleichmäßig auf die verschiedenen Gruppen. Bei 7 Trägern fanden wir auch Anti-HBs im Serum. Autoimmunphänomene wurden nur selten beobachtet. Mit der direkten fluorescierenden Antikörpertechnik wurde in 77% der Leberbiopsien intrazytoplasmatisches HBsAg mit einer gleichmäßigen Häufigkeitsverteilung in den Gruppen festgestellt. Intranucleäres HBcAg konnte aber nur bei Patienten gefunden werden, die entweder eine chronisch entzündliche Lebererkrankung hatten oder entwickelten, während sie im Verlauf zur Kontrolle biopsiert wurden. Die Ergebnisse beweisen schlüssig, daß es vollkommen gesunde HBsAg-Träger mit normaler Leberhistologie gibt, die sich in bezug auf ihre Leberfunktion und Häufigkeit von positiven Autoimmunphänomenen nicht von normalen Kontrollpersonen unterscheiden. Diese Träger haben häufig intrazytoplasmatisches HBsAg aber nie HBcAg oder IgG in Kernen von Hepatocyten.
    Notes: Summary 129 blood donors found to be HBsAg-positive on routine testing were studied for evidence of hepatic disease. Twelve had already lost the antigen from the serum when histologically examined. None of these has had clinical or histological evidence of inflammatory liver disease. Two of the 129 patients showed mild icteric hepatitis, cleared the antigen during the follow up and became anti-HBs positive. The remaining 115 patients who appeared clinically healthy and who had no history of previous icteric liver disease remained HBsAg positive during a mean follow up period of 17.3±3.0 months. Forty patients from these had a normal liver histology and 37 mild to distinct steatosis but no signs of inflammatory liver disease. 11 patients a mild nonspecific mesenchymal activity but no focal necrosis, 16 patients had mild infiltration in portal tracts and a few necrotic parenchymal cells with mesenchymal reaction, 6 patients had chronic persistent hepatitis, 4 chronic aggressive hepatitis, and 1 definite posthepatitic cirrhosis. A number of biochemical and immunological variables of these patients were compared to those of a group of 88 HBsAg-negative blood donors. Significant higher SGOT values were found only in the groups of patients with steatosis, necrosis of parenchymal cells, and chronic aggressive hepatitis. SGPT values were significantly higher only in the two latter groups. The mean value for the gamma GT was significantly higher only in the group with steatosis, compared to the HBsAg carrier group with normal liver histology. A significant difference could not be established when compared to HBsAg-negative controls. Significantly higher, but still within normal range, were bilirubin values in all groups except for the 4 patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis. The relative frequencies of HBsAg subtypes were evenly distributed among the different groups. 7 carriers also had anti-HBs detectable in their serum. Autoimmune phenomena were rarely found. With the direct fluorescent antibody technique intracytoplasmic HBsAg was found in 77% of the liver biopsy specimens with an even distribution of the frequencies among the groups. Intranuclear HBcAg however could only be found in patients who either had or developed a chronic inflammatory liver disease when rebiopsied during the follow up. The results definitely establish that there are completely healthy HBsAg carriers with normal liver histology who do not differ from normal controls in their liver function and frequencies of positive autoimmune phenomena. They frequently have intracycloplasmic HBsAg but never HBcAg or IgG in the nuclei of their hepatocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Asymptomatic HBsAg carriers ; HBeAg ; anti-HBe ; DNA polymerase activity ; Asymptomatische HBsAg-Träger ; HBeAg ; anti-HBe ; DNA-Polymerase-Aktivität
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Von 34 asymptomatischen HBsAg-Trägern wurden die Familienangehörigen auf das Vorkommen verschiedener Hepatitis-B-Virus (HBV)-Marker untersucht. Bei 24 der 67 untersuchten Familienmitglieder (36%) ließen sich Zeichen einer stattgehabten oder noch bestehenden HBV-Infektion nachweisen. Die Ausbreitung der HBV-Infektion war in den Familien besonders hoch, in denen der HBsAg-Träger zugleich HBeAg und DNA-Polymerase-Aktivität im Serum aufwies. Nichtparenterale „horizontale“ Infektionsraten bei Ehepartnern und bei Geschwistern lagen in etwa dem gleichen Größenbereich wie bei der mutmaßlichen vertikalen Infektionsausbreitung zwischen Müttern und Kindern. Auffallend niedrige Infektionsraten bestanden zwischen Vätern und Kindern. Nach den vorliegenden Untersuchungen wird das Risiko, eine HBV-Infektion von einem asymptomatischen HBsAg-Träger zu erwerben, weniger vom Grad der verwandtschaftlichen Beziehung als vielmehr von den serologischen Befunden im HBeAg/anti-HBe-System bestimmt.
    Notes: Summary Family members of 34 asymptomatic HBsAg carriers were tested for different hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers. Among 67 family members tested 24 (36%) presented signs of a past or ongoing HBV-infection. Spread of HBV-infection was particularly high in those families in which the HBsAg carrier was positive for HBeAg and Dane particle-associated DNA polymerase activity. Non-parenteral “horizontal” transmission of HBV among spouses and brothers and sisters and probably parenteral vertical transmission of HBV from carrier mothers to their infants occurred in approximately the same frequency. Fathers transmitted HBV unfrequently to their offsprings. The results show that the risk to acquire a HBV-infection from an asymptomatic HBsAg carrier is closely linked to the serological findings in the HBe/anti-HBe-system of the index HBsAg carrier and not to the family relationship to the HBsAg carrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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