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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Release of prostaglandins, a prostaglandin metabolite, slow-reacting substance and histamine from anaphylactic lungs, and its modification by catecholamines (1974)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 284 (1974), S. 279-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Anaphylaxis ; Catecholamines ; Prostaglandins ; Slow-Reacting Substance ; Histamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In sensitized perfused guinea pig lungs antigen (ovalbumin) released prostaglandins (Pgs) F2α and E2, slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), and histamine. Furthermore, high amounts of the metabolite 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-PgF2α were found. Accordingly, perfusion of nonsensitized lungs with PgF2α and E2 resulted in extensive destruction of both substances. Simultaneously with the mediator release, very intense bronchospasm and pulmonary vascular constriction occurred. Administration of histamine in nonsensitized lungs resulted in Pg release. Isoproterenol as well as adrenaline prevented the anaphylactic mediator release, and concemitantly inhibited the spastic effects in the lungs. Propranolol reversed these actions of the catecholamines. Also indomethacin abolished the prostaglandin release, but increased the liberation of SRS-A. The findings are discussed in view of the contraregulatory function of adrenaline in anaphylaxis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500347
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) and NG-nitro-l-arginine (NNA) on isolated perfused anaphylactic guinea-pig hearts (1992)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 345 (1992), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cardiac anaphylaxis ; Nitric oxide ; 3-Morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) ; NG-nitro-l-argi-nine (NNA) ; Eicosanoids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The modulating effects of exogenous and endogenous nitric oxide (NO) on the cardiac anaphylactic reaction and eicosanoid release were investigated in isolated perfused sensitized guinea-pig hearts using 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), the active metabolite of molsidomine, as NO-donor and NG-nitro-l-arginine (NNA) as an inhibitor of NO biosynthesis. Infusion of SIN-1 (final concentrations in the perfusates 0.3 or 1.0 mmol/l) elevated coronary flow under basal conditions as well as during cardiac anaphylaxis, while NNA (0.1 mmol/l) decreased basal coronary flow and aggravated the anaphylactic coronary constriction. Both drugs did not modify the characteristic biphasic profile of the coronary constriction after antigen challenge with an initial more severe phase followed by a less pronounced long-lasting flow reduction. Neither SIN-1 nor NNA affected spontaneous heart rate. However, while NNA tended to prolong the duration of antigen-induced arrhythmias, SIN-1 (1 mmol/l) had an inhibitory effect. This protection might be related to the increased coronary flow in the presence of SIN-1. SIN-1 inhibited anaphylactic release of cysteinyl-leukotrienes (LT) and 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F1α, but did not influence thromboxane (TX) B2 release. On the other hand, NNA (0.1 mmol/l) inhibited anaphylactic release of TXB2, but had only marginal effects on the release of cysteinyl-LT and 6-keto-PGF1α. The results suggest that exogenous and endogenous NO functionally antagonize the effects of vasoconstrictor mediators released after antigen challenge. Additional effects of high concentrations of SIN-1 and NNA on antigen-induced eicosanoid release could modulate the vascular actions of these drugs during cardiac anaphylaxis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00175475
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the relation between release of prostaglandins and contractility of rabbit splenic capsular strips (1976)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 292 (1976), S. 35-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Prostaglandins ; α-Receptor agonists ; Smooth muscle contraction ; Indometacin ; 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rabbit splenic capsular strips release prostaglandins E and F when contracted by noradrenaline or methoxamine. Contractions and prostaglandin release are dose-dependent. Cocaine increases significantly the effect of noradrenaline, but not that of methoxamine, on contraction of the strips and release of prostaglandin E. Release of prostaglandin F was increased by the addition of cocaine not only when noradrenaline was used as an agonist but also at two of three dose levels of methoxamine. When indometacin is added to the bath fluid, it inhibits prostaglandin release and at the same time potentiates the contractile effects of noradrenaline and methoxamine on the rabbit splenic capsular strips. The prostaglandin-synthetase blocker 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid also potentiates the contractions induced by noradrenaline and methoxamine. Both the effects on prostaglandin synthesis and on contraction exerted by indometacin can be reversed, when indometacin is washed out. Exogenous prostaglandins E1, E2 and F2α in concentrations up to 150 ng/ml do not influence contractions of the strips induced by either noradrenaline or methoxamine. At higher concentrations prostaglandin E1 decreases, but prostaglandins E2 and F2α increase the contractions induced by both agonists. The potentiation of the effects of noradrenaline and methoxamine on rabbit splenic strips by indometacin and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid cannot be explained by inhibition of uptake1 or uptake2, release of endogenous noradrenaline or inhibition of metabolism of the agonists. It is suggested that the potentiation is caused by inhibition of synthesis of endogenous prostaglandins, although an undefined sensitizing effect of indometacin and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid cannot be completely excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00506487
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of prostaglandins on connective tissue cell growth and function (1977)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 297 (1977), S. S89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Prostaglandins ; cAMP ; glycosaminoglycan synthesis ; proliferation ; glucocorticoids ; fibroblasts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Prostaglandins (PGs) are synthesized by cultured fibroblasts. PGs regulate specific cellular functions by influencing cyclic nucleotide levels. PGE1 increases cAMP levels, thus enhancing glycosaminoglycan (GAG) synthesis and reducing proliferation. Exogenous cyclic nucleotides, on the other hand, affect PG formation. Glucocorticoids (GCs) decrease cAMP content, GAG synthesis and PG formation in fibroblasts, the latter effect occurring only after prolonged incubations. The decrease in endogenous PG levels causes a sensitization of the cells to exogenous PGE1, thus counteracting the initial inhibitory effect of GCs on cAMP content and GAG synthesis. Cell proliferation shows an inverse relationship to PG-induced changes in cAMP levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587790
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prostaglandin, slow-reacting substance, and histamine release from anaphylactic guinea-pig hearts, and its pharmacological modification (1975)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 289 (1975), S. 65-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Prostaglandins ; Slow-Reacting Substance of Anaphylaxis ; Histamine ; Cardiac Anaphylaxis ; Isoproterenol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Prostaglandins (Pgs), slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A), and histamine were released from anaphylactic isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. Pgs were to the greatest part of the F2α-type. PgE2 was found in traces only. Neither PgA2, nor the metabolites 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PgF2α and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PgE2 were detected in the perfusates. Isoproterenol reduced the PgF2α output significantly. This effect was increased by the addition of theophylline. Propranolol did not reverse the effect of isoproterenol, but in a high concentration (5 μg/ml) reduced the PgF2α output for its own. Indomethacin completely abolished the anaphylactic prostaglandin release. The histamine liberation was significantly decreased only by the combination of isoproterenol and theophylline, and also by a high concentration of propranolol (5 μg/ml). In contrast to the Pg release, the anaphylactic SRS-A and histamine liberation was not abolished by indomethacin, but rather increased. The results are discussed in view of the possible role of the released substances in the functional events of cardiac anaphylaxis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00498030
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradykinin and postganglionic sympathetic transmission (1977)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 299 (1977), S. 23-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Bradykinin ; Prostaglandins ; Noradrenaline release ; Rabbit pulmonary artery ; Rabbit heart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of bradykinin on postganglionic sympathetic neuroeffector transmission was studied in superfused strips of rabbit pulmonary artery and in perfused rabbit hearts. 1. In pulmonary artery strips preincubated with 3H-noradrenaline, bradykinin (1–100 nM) diminished the overflow of total tritiated compounds evoked by transmural stimulation at 2 Hz and simultaneously reduced stimulation-evoked contractions. The inhibition was stronger, the less time was allowed to elapse between addition of bradykinin and stimulation. The effect of bradykinin was not changed by atropine, but was abolished by indometacin and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid. 2. Separation of individual 3H-compounds showed that bradykinin and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) caused proportionate reduction of the stimulation-evoked overflow of total radioactive material, 3H-noradrenaline, 3H-3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol, and 3H-normetanephrine. 3. Bradykinin (1–100 nM) greatly increased the outflow of PGE from the tissue. The outflow peaked in the 3-min period after addition of bradykinin and then declined rapidly. PGF2α and the metabolites 15-keto-PGF2α, 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2α and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE2 were not detected. 4. In the heart, bradykinin (100 nM) diminished the overflow of endogenous noradrenaline evoked by sympathetic nerve stimulation at 3 Hz. Similar results were obtained in hearts perfused with atropine-containing medium. Indometacin, on the other hand, abolished the effect of bradykinin. 5. Bradykinin (100 mM) greatly increased the venous outflow of PGE. PGE2α and the metabolites 15-keto-PGF2α, 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGF2α and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-PGE2 were not detected. 6. It is concluded that bradykinin inhibits the nerve impulse-evoked release of noradrenaline, and consequently postganglionic sympathetic neuroeffector transmission, by enhancing the biosynthesis of prostaglandins of the E series; however, a contribution to the inhibition by other products of the fatty acid cyclooxygenase pathway cannot be ruled out. No prostaglandin-independent presynaptic effect of bradykinin was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00508633
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Angiotensin II-induced contractions of rabbit splenic capsular strips and release of prostaglandins (1977)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 297 (1977), S. 177-183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Prostaglandins ; Angiotensin II ; Endoperoxide analogues ; Smooth muscle contraction ; Radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rabbit splenic capsular strips contract in response to angiotensin II and simultaneously release prostaglandins E and F into the bath fluid. Contractions, though not sustained, and prostaglandin release are dependent on the concentrations of angiotensin II. Addition of indometacin to the bath fluid inhibits prostaglandin release and potentiates the angiotensin II-induced contractions. Similarly, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid, another blocker of prostaglandin synthesis, potentiates contractions elicited by angiotensin II. Exogenous prostaglandin E1 (300 ng/ml) tends to decrease angiotensin II-induced contractions, while prostaglandin E2 (300 ng/ml) as well as prostaglandin F2α (300 ng/ml) significantly increase the contractions produced by angiotensin II. The prostaglandin endoperoxide analogues (15S)-hydroxy-9α,11α-(epoxymethano)prosta-5Z,13 E-dienoic acid and (15S)-hydroxy-11α,9α-(epoxymethano)-prosta-5Z,13 E-dienoic acid in concentrations of 300 ng/ml are either without effect or weak smooth muscle stimulants of their own, but do not influence the effect of angiotensin II. By the simultaneous use of sensitive and specific radioimmunoassays for prostaglandins E1 and E2 the prostaglandin E-like substance released by the rabbit splenic capsular strips was found to resemble serologically much more the dienoic prostaglandin E2 than prostaglandin E1. The potentation of the effect of angiotensin II by indometacin and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid might be caused by inhibition of synthesis of prostaglandins or related compounds in the splenic tissue. However, an undefined sensitizing effect of indometacin and 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid, not related to their effect on prostaglandin synthetase, on the smooth muscle preparation cannot be excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499928
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of exogenous prostaglandins on the release of leukotriene C4-like immunoreactivity and on coronary flow in indomethacin-treated anaphylactic guinea-pig hearts (1984)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 326 (1984), S. 368-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cardiac anaphylaxis ; Coronary constriction ; Leukotrienes ; Prostaglandins ; Indomethacin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary It is known that both vasoconstrictor cyclooxygenase products and sulfidopeptide-containing leukotrienes (LT) contribute to the biphasic coronary constriction observed in isolated perfused anaphylactic guineapig hearts. We have now investigated the effects of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin and of several exogenous prostaglandins (PG) on the release of LTC4-like immunoreactivity and on various symptoms of cardiac anaphylaxis. Indomethacin decreased basal coronary flow and delayed the onset of coronary vasoconstriction after antigenic challenge. Furthermore, indomethacin inhibited cardiac release of 6-keto-PGF1α and thromboxane (TX) B2 and simultaneously enhanced the antigen-induced release of LTC4-like immunoreactivity significantly. Neither the vasodilators PGE2 and PGI2 nor the vasoconstrictors PGF2α, PGD2 and 11,9-epoxymethano-PGH2, a compound with biological properties similar to TXA2, affected the anaphylactic release of immunoreactive LTC4 in the presence of indomethacin. These results suggest that the indomethacin-induced increase in LT release is not due to inhibition of synthesis of a cyclooxygenase product, which normally curbs anaphylactic release of immunoreactive LTC4. The indomethacin effect may rather be explained by diversion of arachidonic acid metabolism away from fatty acid cyclooxygenase towards the synthesis of lipoxygenase products. Although the various PG did not significantly affect cardiac release of LTC4-like immunoreactivity, they antagonized the anaphylactic coronary contriction. This antagonism may be due to direct effects of the PG on vascular smooth muscle tone as well as to indirect effects on the release of anaphylactic mediators not related to LT like histamine and platelet-activating factor. Antigen-induced arrhythmias were completely suppressed by PGF2α, while PGE2 and PGI2 tended to decrease the incidence of arrhythmias and the other PG had no consistent effect. It is concluded that the pharmacological effects of the PG used on coronary flow and arrhythmias during cardiac anaphylaxis are not mediated by inhibition of release of LTC4-like immunoreactivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00501445
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