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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Positron lifetime and 2D-ACAR studies of divacancies in Si (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 65-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.70 ; 61.70 ; 61.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have measured positron lifetime and Two Dimensional Angular Correlation of Annihilation Radiation (2D-ACAR) distributions of Floating-Zone grown (FZ) Si specimens containing divacancies (V2) with the definite charge states, V 2 0 , V 2 −1 or V 2 −2 from room temperature to about 10 K. These charge states are accomplished by an appropriate combination of dopant species, their concentration and irradiation doses of 15 MeV electrons. with reference to the currently accepted ionization level of divacancies. The positron lifetime of the negatively charged divacancy increases with temperature, while that of the neutral divacancy shows little change with temperature. The positron trapping rate, obtained from lifetime and 2D-ACAR measurements, increases markedly with decreasing temperature. This is found not only for the negative divacancies but also for the neutral divacancy. We need a model which explains this temperature dependence. The 2D-ACAR distribution from positrons trapped at divacancies shows nearly the same distribution for the different charge states, which differs considerably from the case of As vacancies in GaAs studied by Ambigapathy et al. We have observed a small but definite anisotropy in the distribution of trapped positrons in V 2 − using a specimen containing oriented divacancies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01538213
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface electric fields of tourmaline (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 183-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 61.80 ; 85.30 ; 71.20
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The N2, O2, H2O, and CO2 molecules that have condensed on the surface of a pyroelectric tourmaline crystal were degassed successively by means of electron bombardment. The temperature dependence of the electrostatic field strength on the specimen surface was observed by electron diffraction; it decreased as the degassing advanced. The tourmaline surface behaved as a gas Chromatographic adsorbent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614951
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Wetterkorrosion von Stahl (1968)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 19 (1968), S. 210-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Atmospheric corrosion of steelSteel containing 0,3% Cu is considerably more resistant to atmospheric corrosion than the corresponding Cu-free material. After 5 years' weathering in Japan the Cu-containing steel was just covered by a superficial rust layer, while the Cu-free material had suffered pitting attack. The rust was distinctly magnetic in both cases and its composition was different depending on illumination: specimens exposed to solar irradiation contained exclusively Fe-III, while darkroom experiments yielded Fe-II, too. The rust formation on Cu-free steel is promoted by bacteria, while bacterial activity is practically suppressed by the Cu addition.
    Notes: Ein Stahl mit 0,3% Cu ist wesentlich beständiger gegen atmosphärische Einflüsse als das entsprechende Cu-freie Material. Nach 7 jähriger Bewitterung in Japan war das Cu-haltige Material nur oberflächlich mit Rost bedeckt, während das Cu-freie Material auch Lochfraß aufwies. Der Rost war in beiden Fällen deutlich magnetisch und unterschied sich je nach der Belichtung: bei Versuchen unter Belichtung enthielt er nur dreiwertiges, bei Dunkelversuchen auch zweiwertiges Fe. Die Rostbildung auf Cu-freiem Stahl wird durch Bakterien stark gefördert, während der Cu-Gehalt die Bakterientätigkeit praktisch unterdrückt.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19680190305
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Bildung des kubischen Fe3S4 bei der Korrosion von Stahl (1973)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 24 (1973), S. 28-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The formation of cubic Fe3S4 during the corrosion of steelIn hydrogen sulfide saturated water Fe3S4 (Greigite) is formed cathodically, as soon as the pH changes from the basic to the acid region. The presence of this compound thus enables the conclusion to be made that the action of hydrogen sulfide on iron has taken place under acid conditions.
    Notes: In Schwefelwasserstoffwasser entsteht kathodisch Greigit (Fe3S4), sobald der pH aus dem basischen in den sauren Bereich übergeht. Das Auftreten dieser Verbindung ermöglicht also den Schluß, daß bei der Einwirkung von Schwefelwasserstoff auf Stahl saure Bedingungen pH etwa 4,6 vorlagen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19730240107
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zum bakteriologischen Korrosionsprodukt vom Betoneisen im Untermeertunnel (1973)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 24 (1973), S. 209-210 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The bacteriologic corrosion product of concrete iron in a submarine tunnelA special iron sulfide, i.e. greigite (F3S4 of spinel type) was found as a corrosion product on the steel reinforcement of concrete walls in the undersea tunnel. This sulfide was formed by the action of the sulfide reducing bacteria and by colloid-chemical process. Formation of greigite in the undersea tunnel belongs to the dark reactions with occur with bivalent iron.
    Notes: Auf der mit Stahl armierten Betonwand im neuen Untermertunnel entstand ein spezielles Eisensulfid, und zwar Greigit (Fe3S4 vom Spinelltyp) als Korrosionsprodukt von Stahl. Es bildete sich durch die Tätigkeit der sulfatreduzierenden Bakterien und einen Kolloidchemischen Vorgang. Die Bildung des Greigits im Untermeertunnel gehört zu den Dunkelreaktionen, die mit zweiwertigem Eisen ablaufen.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19730240306
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Oxidschicht von Aluminium (1974)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 25 (1974), S. 325-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The oxide layer of aluminiumThe oxide layer formed by the atmospheric oxidation of aluminium contains rather different oxides, namely AlO, Al2O2 and Al2O3. The presence of these suboxides and for their mixed crystals is responsible for the adhesion of the oxide layers to the metal because the suboxides are still able by their residual valancy electrons to react with a metal. It is consequently advisable to carry out chemical treatments in such a way as to yield suboxides, too.
    Notes: Die bei der atmosphärischen Oxidation von Aluminium entstehende Oxidschicht enthält ziemlich verschiedene Oxide, und zwar AlO, Al2o2und Al2O3. Die Anwesenheit dieser Suboxide und ihrer Mischkristalle ist ursächlich für die Haftung der Oxidschichten am Metall, da diese Suboxide noch fähig sind, mit ihren restlichen Valenzelektronen mit dem Metall zu reagieren. Es ist daher zweckmäßig, wenn bei der chemischen Behandlung von Aluminium die Bildung der Suboxide angestrebt wird.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19740250504
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Korrosion von Lötverbindungen (1982)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 33 (1982), S. 617-618 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion of brazed jointsA soldered electrical PtNi contact was attacked in air with formation of Pb (OH)2 · (PbCO3)2. This corrosion product, because of its dielectric properties, deteriorated the contact performance of the Pt—Ni couple. It is therefore recommended not to use lead containing alloys for soldering electrical contacts.
    Notes: Eine Lötverbindung in einem elektrischen PtNi-Kontakt wurde an der Luft unter Bildung von Pb (OH)2 · (PbCO3)2 angegriffen. Dieses Korrosionsprodukt beeinträchtigte aufgrund seiner dielektrischen Eigenschaften den Kontakt zwischen Pt und Ni. Es empfiehlt sich daher, zum Verbinden von elektrischen Kontakten keine bleihaltigen Legierungen zu verwenden.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19820331106
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur korrosionsbeständigen Beilby-Schicht auf Nickel und Eisen (1965)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 16 (1965), S. 465-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The corrosion-resistant Beilby film on nickel and ironHighly polished nickel and iron sur-faces are obtained by polishing the surface of these metals mechanically with an aqueous colloidal suspension of Al2O3 or Cr2O3 on a piece of cloth. Surfaces thus obtained are distinguished by a remarkable corrosion resistance. This is because they are covered with a resistant oxide NiAl2 O4 or FeCr2O3 which may be formed by the reaction of solid on the metal surface. It was possible to detect these surface oxides with the aid of electron reflection.
    Notes: Spiegelflächen des Nickels und Eisens stellt dieser Metalle mit einer wäßrigen kolloidalen Suspension von Al2O3bzw. Cr2O3 auf einem Tuch mechanisch poliert. so erzeugte Spiegelflächen zeichnen sich durch einen beständigen Oxyd NiAl2O4 bzw. FeCr2O3, das sich u.U. durch Festköperreaktionen auf der Metalloberfläche ließen sich mit Hilfe der Elektronenreflexion ermitteln.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19650160603
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über den grünen Rost von Messing (1972)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 23 (1972), S. 186-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Green rust on brassIn the electrical circuit fo a car formation of patina was observed on a brass plate in contact with a copper wire. The products formed were identified as orthorombic \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ ({\rm Cu},{\rm Zn}){\rm SO}_4 \cdot 2({\rm Cu},{\rm Zn})({\rm OH})_2 $$\end{document} The sulfur-containing rubber sheath above the brass plate seems to be one of the causes of the formation of this corrosion product.
    Notes: Auf einem in Kontakt mit Kupferdraht stehenden Messingblech wurde im Stromkreis eines Automobils die Bildung von Patina beobachtet. Die dabei entstehenden Produkte wurden als orthorhombische \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ ({\rm Cu},{\rm Zn}){\rm SO}_4 \cdot 2({\rm Cu},{\rm Zn})({\rm OH})_2 $$\end{document} identifiziert. Eine der Ursachen für die Bildung dieses Korrosionsproduktes scheint der schwefelhaltige Gummimantel zu sein, unter dem sich das Messingblech befand.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19720230306
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen an einer zahnärztlichen Gold-Platin-Legierung (1975)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 26 (1975), S. 356-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Study of a dental alloy based on gold platinum alloyThe alloy which contains a certain quantity of silicon is composed of mixed crystals with inclusions of intermetallic compounds. During thermal treatment (for degassing) a surface layer of SiO2 is formed. This layer acts on the one hand as an adhesive for the dental porcelaine and on the other hand in contact with saliva is transformed into a colloidal condition which is required for appropriate physiological condition.
    Notes: Die Legierung, die auch eine gewisse Menge Silicium enthält, besteht aus Mischkristallen mit Einschlüssen intermetallischer Verbindungen. Bei der Wärmebehandlung (zur Entladung) entsteht an der Oberfläche eine SiO2-Schicht, die einerseits als Haftmittel für das Dentalporzellan dient und andererseits bei Kontakt mit Speichel in einen kolloidalen Zustand übergeht, so daß ein physiologisch einwandfreies Verhalten erreicht wird.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19750260507
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