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Laser nitriding of iron: Influence of the laser parameters on the nitriding efficiency (1996)

Illgner, C. ; Lieb, K. -P. ; Schaaf, P. ; [et al.]

Springer

Applied physics 62 (1996), S. 231-236

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ISSN: 1432-0630

Keywords: 61.80.Ba ; 52.75.-d ; 81.60.Bn

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: Abstract Laser nitriding of Armco iron in nitrogen was studied for KrF-excimer-laser irradiation. The influence of the energy density and number of pulses on the nitrogen take-up and the nitride phases formed was investigated using Resonant Nuclear Reaction Analysis (RNRA) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. Besides the original a-iron, austeniteγ-Fe(N), martensiteα′-Fe(N),ε-Fe2+χN, andα″-Fe16N2 were identified. The fraction of the e-phase was found to increase with the number of pulses and the energy density. A threshold energy density of 1.8(2) J/cm2 for the laser nitriding process was found.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01575086

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Negative ion FAB mass spectrometric analysis of non-charged key intermediates in oligonucleotide synthesis: Rapid identification of partially protected dinucleoside monophosphates (1987)

Wolter, A. ; Möhringer, C. ; Köster, H. ; [et al.]

Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell

Biological Mass Spectrometry 14 (1987), S. 111-116

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ISSN: 0887-6134

Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Dinucleoside monophosphates bearing usual protecting groups at the exocyclic amino functions of the heterocyclic bases, the 5′-hydroxy group, the phosphate moiety and the O-6-position of the guanine ring have been analysed by FAB mass specrometry in the negative ion mode. These non-charged key intermediates for oligodeoxynucleotide synthesis exhibit very simple spectra in the mass range of m/z 400-1500 using tetra-ethylene glycol as matrix. Most of the observed ions could easily be assigned. Apart from deprotonated molecular ions sequence specific ions arising from C-O-P bond cleavage and ions derived from loss of protecting groups were observed. The simplicity of spectra interpretation makes FAB mass spectrometry to a rapid and valuable tool for unambiguous identification of dimeric synthons for oligonucleotide synthesis.

Additional Material: 3 Ill.