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  • ACE polymorphism  (1)
  • Amino acid solutions  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 162 (1974), S. 109-124 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Parenteral nutrition ; Amino acid solutions ; Plasma amino acids ; Parenterale Ernährung ; Aminosäure ; Infusionslösungen ; Aminosäuremuster im Plasma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Bei gesunden Versuchspersonen, die mit einer calorisch ausreichenden stickstofffreien Diät ernährt wurden, wurden 3 verschiedene Aminosäurelösungen als einzige Stickstoffquelle parenteral zugeführt. Am 3. Infusionstag wurde die Konzentration der freien Aminosäuren im Plasma vor, während und am Ende der Infusion sowie 30, 60 und 180 min nach dem Absetzen bestimmt. Die Nüchternwerte wurden am 1., 3. und 5. Infusionstag bestimmt und miteinander verglichen. Am 3. Infusionstag wurde außerdem die Ausscheidung der verschiedenen Aminosäuren im Harn gemessen. 2. Während und nach der Infusion ergaben sich starke Veränderungen in der Konzentration der meisten Aminosäuren im Plasma. Dadurch wurde die physiologische Relation der einzelnen Plasmaaminosäuren mehr oder weniger verschoben. Die langfristige Verabreichung der Infusionslösungen führte zu Verschiebungen auch der Nüchternwerte und zu einem Anstieg des Gesamtaminostickstoffs im Plasma. 3. Die Unterschiede zwischen dem Verhalten der Plasmaaminosäuren nach den verschiedenen Infusionslösungen lassen sich mit der durch Stickstoffbilanzuntersuchungen an den gleichen Versuchspersonen gesicherten unterschiedlich guten biologischen Wertigkeit der Lösungen korrelieren. Die Lösung, die die beste Stickstoffbilanz ergeben hatte, bewirkte auch die geringsten Veränderungen im Aminosäurespektrum des Plasmas.
    Notes: Summary Three different amino acid solutions as only source of nitrogen were infused in healthy volunteers taking a nitrogen-free high-caloric diet orally. On the 3rd day of parenteral nutrition the concentration of the free plasma amino acids were determined before, during, on termination, and 30, 60 and 180 min after the infusion. The fasting levels were determined on the 1st, 3rd and 5th day of infusion. The urinary amino acid excretion was measured on the 3rd day. During and after the infusion significant alterations in the concentration of most amino acids were observed. The physiological pattern of plasma amino acids was altered temporarily. The long-term administration of plasma amino acid solutions altered the fasting levels somewhat and increased the total amino nitrogen in the plasma. The different effect of the three solutions on amino acid levels in plasma was correlated to differences in the biological value of these solutions as observed in nitrogen balance studies in the same subjects. The amino acid solution with the best results in nitrogen balance studies lead to the smallest changes in the pattern of plasma amino acids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Diabetic nephropathy ; risk factors ; ACE polymorphism ; glycaemic control ; hypertension.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Diabetic nephropathy represents a major complication in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Intervention trials using angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have pointed towards the important pathogenetic role of the renin-angiotensin system. Recently an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism for the gene encoding the ACE has been described, the deletion type being associated with higher plasma ACE levels. As the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system might also be activated in this setting, we determined the ACE genotype together with other risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy in 122 patients with IDDM from a single centre with (n = 63) and without (n = 59) nephropathy. Long-term glycaemic control was evaluated using mean HbA1c values from the last 10 years. The two patient group were comparable with regard to duration of diabetes and glycaemic control as assessed by current HbA1c values. However, mean long-term HbA1c values were significantly higher in patients with diabetic nephropathy as was systemic blood pressure. The DD genotype was more prevalent in patients with renal disease. In the subgroup of patients who had had diabetes for more than 20 years (n = 90), the DD genotype was even more frequent in patients with nephropathy, and blood pressure and long-term HbA1c values were also higher in patients with renal disease. Logistic regression analysis revealed long-term glycaemic control, blood pressure and the ACE genotype to be independent risk factors for the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 327–331]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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