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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (5)
  • Adirondacks  (4)
  • Black-tailed deer  (4)
  • mammals  (4)
  • Immunocytoma  (3)
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Keywords
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Acer rubrum ; Adirondacks ; aspen ; beaver ; Castor canadensis ; feeding inhibition ; Populus tremuloides ; red maple
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract At many beaver (Castor canadensis) sites at Allegany State Park in New York State, red maple (Acer rubrum) is the only or one of the few tree species left standing at the ponds' edges. The relative palatability of red maple (RM) was studied in three ways. (1) At seven beaver sites, the available and utilized trees were recorded and an electivity index (E) computed. Of 15 tree species, RM ranked second or fourth lowest. (2) In experiment I, RM, sugar maple (A. saccharum, SM), and quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) logs were presented cafeteria style at 10 colonies. RM was the least preferred. (3) Bark of RM was extracted with solvents. Aspen logs were painted (experiment II) or soaked (experiment III) with this RM extract and presented to beaver cafeteria-style, along with aspen and RM controls. This treatment rendered aspen logs less palatable, indicating that a chemical factor had been transferred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Black-tailed deer ; “deer lactone” ; discrimination ; enantiomers ; (Z)-4-hydroxy-6-dodecenoic acid lactone ; Odocoileus hemionus columbianus ; lactone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Urine of the black-tailed deer is the source of the “deer lactone,” which is deposited on the tarsal gland tufts by “rub-urination.” The enantiomer composition of the lactone from the urine of the female is 89(R)-(−)/11(S)-(+). Responses by deer were strongest toward the synthetic racemic lactone in the social test and toward the natural lactone in the choice test. In both tests, the (−)- lactone released slightly stronger responses than its enantiomer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 1 (1975), S. 125-131 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: deer ; mammals ; odor preference ; odor specificity ; olfactory discrimination ; pheromone ; sexual isolation ; social odor ; tarsal scent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Two subspecies of deer, black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) and Rocky Mountain mule deer (O. h. hemionus) were exposed to the tarsal scents of both subspecies in a social setting. The scent was sprayed on one individual in a group. The responses, consisting of sniffing, licking, and following, were stronger to each subspecies' own tarsal scent. This discrimination may be important for sexual isolation in areas where the ranges of the two species overlap.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 2 (1976), S. 389-398 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Black-tailed deer ; geometric isomers ; (E) and (Z)-4-hydroxy-6-dodecenoic acid lactone ; mammals ; Odocoileus hemionus columbianus ; olfactory discrimination ; pheromones ; stereoisomers ; tarsal scent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) discriminate between the geometric isomers of a lactone used as a pheromone by the species. They react strongly to (Z)-4-hydroxy-6-dodeceonic acid lactone, which occurs in their tarsal scent, but the response to theE isomer did not differ from the response to the solvent. The isomers were applied to one member of a group of freely interacting deer, and the sniffing, licking, and following responses were recorded. The synthesis of the geometric isomers of the lactone is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 373 (1977), S. 303-309 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Immunocytoma ; Malignant lymphoma, lymphoplasmacytoid ; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia ; Tissue mast cell count and distribution ; Differential diagnostic parameters in lymph node biopsies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The amount and distribution of tissue mast cells in the three subtypes of immunocytoma (IC) were studied in lymph nodes of 58 cases and compared with the findings on 34 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). There were significantly more mast cells in the lymphoplasmacytic and lymphoplasmacytoid subtypes of IC than in CLL. The median mast cell count for the polymorphic subtype of IC was also greater than that for CLL; however, this difference was not statistically significant. Tissue mast cells were diffusely distributed in the lymph nodes in IC, whereas they were chiefly located in the sinus in CLL. Moreover, the cells themselves and their granules were generally larger in IC. Increase in the number and altered distribution of the tissue mast cells in histological sections are therefore diagnostic aids for distinguishing IC from CLL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ; Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia ; Immunocytoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Clinical data of 116 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and of 114 patients with lymphoplasmacytic/lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma (synonym: LP immunocytoma, IC) as diagnosed according to the Kiel classification were compared. This interim evaluation of a prospective multicenter study of the Kiel Lymphoma Study Group characterizes IC the less favorable lymphoma entity as evidenced by a more rapid lymph node enlargement, by a higher incidence of constitutional symptoms and of marked anaemia, and by a higher percentage of patients requiring early treatment. In addition, in IC autoimmune haemolytic anaemia was detected in 11.2% of investigated patients as compared to none of the patients with CLL, and monoclonal gammopathy was disclosed in 34.2% of investigated patients as compared to only three patients with CLL who could be, however, unrecognized cases of IC. Actuarial survival data after a follow-up period of 40 months are in favor of an overall better prognosis of patients with CLL than of patients with IC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 6 (1980), S. 905-909 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Black-tailed deer ; deer ; Flehmen ; mammals ; pheromones ; reproductive behavior ; urine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Male black-tailed deer were exposed to conspecific urine samples monthly for one year. The urine samples tested were from adult male, nonestrous female, estrous female, male fawn, and female fawn. The urine was offered with and without a wire screen cover; Flehmen occurred only when direct mouth and/or tongue contact with the urine was possible. The frequency of Flehmen varied seasonally, and urine from adults released more Flehmen than urine from fawns. But there was no difference in Flehmen frequency in response to urine from adult males or estrous or nonestrous females, when presented out of context, although in a natural situation males respond more to urinating females than males.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Malignant and benign lymphoma ; Immunocytoma ; Centroblastic malignant lymphoma ; Castleman Tumor ; Eye, lid and orbit ; Histologic features
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Studie wurden 23 Lymphome der Augen-, Lid- und Orbitalregion ausgewertet. Sie stammten aus einem nicht ausgewählten bioptischen Untersuchungsgut des Pathologischen Instituts der Universität Kiel und des Lymphknotenregisters bei der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pathologie. Es handelte sich dabei um 12 maligne und 11 benigne Lymphome. Die malignen Lymphome stellten jeweils Non-Hodgkin-Lymphome dar. Unter den letzteren fanden wir elfmal ein Immunocytom, ein malignes Lymphom mit niedrigem Malignitätsgrad — dagegen nur einen Fall eines malignen Lymphoms mit hohem Malignitätsgrad, ein centroblastisches Lymphom. Die Diagnose eines benignen Lymphoms wurde jeweils durch die von uns erhobenen katamnestischen Angaben bestätigt. Während sich das benigne Lymphom in 7 von 11 Fällen in der Conjunctiva entwickelt hatte, war dies bei nur 2 von 11 Fällen mit Immunocytom zu beobachten. Das Immunocytom stellt einen Tumor dar, der aus Lymphocyten und Plasmazellen oder plasmocytoiden Zellen besteht und meist PAS-positive globuläre Einschlüsse in Kern und/oder Cytoplasma der Plasma- oder plasmocytoiden Zellen aufweist.
    Notes: Summary Twenty-three lymphomas of the eye, eyelid, and orbit were chosen for study from biopsy material of the Department of Pathology, University of Kiel, and the Lymph Node Registry in Kiel. There were 12 malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and 11 benign lymphomas. Catamnestic examination confirmed the histologic diagnosis in all 11 cases of benign lymphoma. Eleven of the malignant lymphomas represented immunocytomas and were therefore of low-grade malignancy. In contrast, there was only one case of malignant lymphoma of high-grade malignancy, which was diagnosed as centroblastic lymphoma. The immunocytoma was retrobulbar in one third of our cases and conjunctival in only 2 cases, whereas benign lymphoma had developed in the conjunctiva in 7 of 11 cases. Immunocytoma represents a tumor composed of lymphocytes and plasma cells or plasmacytoid cells. PAS-positive globular inclusions are usually found in the nucleus and/or cytoplasm of the plasma cells or plasmacytoid cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 887-893 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Adirondacks ; beaver ; Castor canadensis ; castoreum ; nuisance beaver ; odors ; pheromone ; repellent ; scent marking ; territory ; wildlife damage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Unoccupied beaver (Castor canadensis) sites in New York State were for two years experimentally scented with a mixture of beaver castoreum and anal gland secretion. These sites were colonized less often than unscented control sites. The beaver is the first mammal to have been shown experimentally to use intraspecific odor cues when settling in vacant habitat. Territorial pheromones may be useful as repellents for beaver or other rodents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 1349-1364 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Adirondacks ; Allegany State Park ; allopatric ; aspen ; beaver ; Castor canadensis ; feeding inhibition ; Populus tremuloides ; predator odor ; repellent ; sympatric
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Free-ranging beaver (Castor canadensis) in two different beaver populations in New York State were exposed to predator chemicals to test feeding inhibition. Solvent extracts of feces were applied to stem sections of aspen, the preferred food tree of beavers, permitting smelling and tasting the samples. Predator odors were from wolf (Canis lupus), coyote (Canis latrans), dog (Canis familiaris), black bear (Ursus americanus), river otter (Lutra canadensis), lynx (Lynx canadensis), and African lion (Panthera leo). The experiment was repeated. The predator odors reduced feeding compared to untreated or solvent-treated controls. One population consumed 17.0% of the samples with predator odor and 27.0% of the controls in summer, and 48.4% and 60.0%, respectively, in autumn. The other population accepted 3.15% of the predator odor samples and 11.05% of the controls in summer. Coyote, lynx, and river otter odors had the strongest effects. Diesel oil and bitter-tasting neem extract had weaker effects. Predator odors are promising as feeding repellents for beaver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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