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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (2,709)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging  (346)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of 252californium plasma desorption and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry for analysis of small peptides (1985)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 12 (1985), S. 380-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The data obtained with 252Cf plasma desorption (PD) and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of eight tri-, tetra- and pentapeptides were compared. Good spectra were obtained with 1-10 nmol of peptide. In both techniques molecular weight information was obtained. The PD mass spectra are often dominated by the cationized molecular ions in contrast to the fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectra, where cationization is rarely observed. Amino acid content is reflected in the immonium ions equally well in both techniques. The fragmentation patterns observed with the two techniques are almost identical. However, practical sequencing of peptides based on either FAB or PD mass spectrometry of underivatized peptides alone is difficult. This is due to the unpredictable and sometimes absent cleavage yield at certain peptide bonds. Another difficulty is the many simultaneous fragmentation pathways. However, for many peptides enough information is present to allow sequence determination for at least a major part of the molecule.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200120805
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total reflection x-ray fluorescence spectrometry of metal samples using synchrotron radiation at SSRLPresented at the European Conference on EDXRS. Myconos, Greece, 30 May-6 June 1992. (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    X-Ray Spectrometry 22 (1993), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0049-8246
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It was demonstrated that a total reflection x-ray fluorescence spectrometer, using monoenergetic synchrotron radiation as the primary x-ray source, is suitable to measure the concentration of transmutational elements in Cu and Fe metal matrices. In a typical irradiation of copper with 590 MeV protons or with spallation neutrons, where the damage dose is 0.4 dpa (displacement per atom), the calculated concentration of transmutational elements is Ni 25, Co 8 and Fe 8 μg g-1. The results show that the minimum detectable concentrations were lower than these values. The energy of the sychrotron radiation was set just below the K-edge energy of the matrix element, eliminating the large peak due to the matrix. As an example, in the case of a Cu (Z = 29) matrix, the minimum detectable concentration for Ni (Z = 28) was as low as 3 μg g-1. In order to check systematically the possible geometric arrangements of beam direction-reflector position-detector position, a new vacuum chamber was designed and tested. It provides all technical components for remote control of the adjustment procedure to align the reflector in total reflection geometry. Two ways of positioning the reflector in the beam, vertical to the plane of polarization and parallel to that plane, were investigated, to find the best excitation conditions and lowest limits of detection. A few pg corresponding to a concentration of ng g-1 of samples where the matrix can be easily removed as in aqueous or acidic solutions and 50 ng g-1 concentration of metals in a light matrix as in oil were found as detection limits.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.1300220419
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gorham’s disease of the spine (1996)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 25 (1996), S. 403-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Gorham’s disease ; Spine ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Massive osteolysis is a rare condition and is very uncommon in the spine. The MRI appearance of Gorham’s disease of the spine has not previously been reported. We present here a case of this condition with imaging details.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050105
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Wertigkeit der 3-Phasen-Spiral-CT und der Magnetresonanztomographie in der präoperativen Diagnostik des Pankreaskarzinoms (1996)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 36 (1996), S. 406-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Pankreaskarzinom ; Staging ; Gefäßinfiltration ; Spiral-CT ; Magnetresonanztomographie ; Key words Pancreatic carcinoma ; Staging ; Vascular involvement ; Spiral computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The purpose of this study was to assess the role of spiral computed tomography (SCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative work-up of patients with pancreatic carcinoma, regarding local resectability and vascular involvement. Methods and materials: A total of 28 patients (19 men and 9 women; mean age 58 years) with known or highly suspected carcinoma of the pancreas were included in this study. All patients prospectively underwent MRI (± gadolinium-DTPA) and SCT (3-phase examination) as preoperative diagnostic imaging studies, and laparotomy was carried out within 7 days, irrespective of the MRI or SCT findings. SCT and MR studies were reviewed independently by two radiologists, without knowing the results of the surgical exploration. Standardized image analysis was correlated with findings at laparatomy. Results: Laparotomy identified 10 patients to be suitable for surgical resection and 18 pancreatic carcinomas to be unresectable. In 17 of 18 non-resectable carcinomas MRI and SCT were able to obtain correct information about unresectability (sensitivity 94 %), in 7 (MRI), resp. 8 (SCT) carcinomas were correctly considered to be resectable (sensitivity 70 % for MRI and 80 % for SCT). The presence of vascular involvement was depicted by SCT with a sensitivity of 82–100 % and 62–100 % by MRI. The specificity varied between 85–100 % for SCT and 77–100 % for MRI. Conclusion: Both MRI and SCT are good techniques for the preoperative work-up of pancreatic carcinomas in order to obtain a correct assessment of local resectability.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Ziel der vorliegenden Untersuchung an 28 Patienten war die Bestimmung der Wertigkeit der Spiralcomputertomographie (Spiral-CT) und der Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) im präoperativen Staging des Pankreaskarzinoms. Dazu wurde vergleichend die Infiltration peripankreatischer arterieller und venöser Gefäßstrukturen analysiert. Die Befunde wurden mit dem Ergebnis der Laparotomie korreliert, der alle Patienten unabhängig von den Ergebnissen der Spiral-CT und der MRT unterzogen wurden. Zur präoperativen Bestimmung der lokalen Ausdehnung von Pankreaskarzinomen und damit der Operabilität sind sowohl die 3-Phasen-Spiral-CT und die MRT (± Gadolinium-DTPA) gleichermaßen geeignete Untersuchungsmethoden. Insbesondere können beide Untersuchungsverfahren die Infiltration benachbarter vaskulärer Strukturen präoperativ mit hoher Genauigkeit nachweisen und somit die Planung des operativen Vorgehens beeinflussen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050089
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI of pituitary macroadenomas with reference to hormonal activity (1992)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 34 (1992), S. 43-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Pituitary ; Neoplasm ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Acromegaly ; Prolactinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 115 patients with pituitary macroadenomas, the findings on mid-field MRI were correlated with the hormonal activity of the tumours. Adenomas secreting growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and clinically nonsecretory adenomas were studied. Tumour size, invasiveness and signal intensity patterns were recorded. Relaxation times and ratios of signal intensity and proton density (relative to the corpus callosum) were analysed in areas of apparently solid tissue in a subgroup of 59 previously untreated patients. Invasiveness was more common in PRL-and GH-secreting adenomas than in the nonsecreting ones. Diffuse invasion of the base of the skull was most common in prolactinomas, and associated with a lower frequency of suprasellar tumour extension. In prolactinomas, a correlation was found between the maximum serum PRL level and tumour size. Haemorrhagic, cystic or necrotic areas were less common in GH-secreting tumours than in the other types. Haemorrhage was more common in prolactinomas than in nonsecreting tumours. MR parameters were similar in prolactinomas and nonsecreting adenomas, but indicated a smaller amount of water in GH-secreting tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00588432
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MRI in children receiving total parenteral nutrition (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 680-683 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Parenteral nutrition ; Manganese ; Basal ganglia ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cranial MRI was obtained in 13 of a group of 57 children receiving long-term parenteral nutrition, who were being investigated for hypermanganasaemia. Increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images has been reported in adult patients on long-term parenteral nutrition and with encephalopathy following chronic manganese exposure in arc welding. It has been postulated that these changes are due to deposition of the paramagnetic trace element manganese. In excess manganese is hepato- and neurotoxic and we present the correlation of whole blood manganese levels with imaging findings. The age range of our patients was 6 months to 10 years, and the duration of therapy 3 months to 10 years. In 7 children we found characteristic increased signal intensity on T1-weighted images, with no abnormality on T2-weighted images. All patients had elevated whole blood manganese levels, suggesting that the basis for this abnormality is indeed deposition of manganese within the tissues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050333
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human African trypanosomiasis: MRI (1997)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 39 (1997), S. 708-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Human African trypanosomiasis ; Meningitis ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of human African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. After the febrile period of parasite dissemination, the patient had meningeal involvement but normal CT. MRI showed the appearances of meningitis. After two periods of arsenical treatment, a severe encephalopathy occurred suggesting post-therapeutic reactive encephalitis (PTRE). Nevertheless, T2-weighted MRI showed no oedema, but focal bilateral high signal areas in the white matter. PTRE was excluded and a third course of treatment was undertaken. The lesions progressively disappeared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050491
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aqueduct stenosis due to venous ectasia with a dural arteriovenous fistula (2000)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 42 (2000), S. 267-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Aqueduct ; stenosis ; Fistula ; arteriovenous ; dural ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Embolisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report aqueduct compression by venous ectasia in a 65-year-old man with a dural arterio-venous fistula in the posterior cranial fossa draining into a superior vermian vein. Conventional and phase-contrast MRI showed the aqueduct stenosis and the causative dilated vein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050883
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiologic anatomy of the spinal dorsal horn at the cervical level (anatomic-MRI correlations) (2000)
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 22 (2000), S. 81-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Spinal cord ; Dorsal horn ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Radiologic anatomy ; Dorsal root entry zone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The spinal dorsal horn is known for its important functional role in the field of transmission and modulation of sensory afferents. Because of this, the dorsal horn represents a target for numerous analgesic and antispastic procedures. Thus, it would be interesting to develop imaging dedicated to this spinal structure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiologic anatomy of the cervical dorsal horn by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1.5T). The first step consisted in the validation of the anatomic information provided by MRI on 5 human cadavers. A spin-echo sequence (T2, 2000/45) enabled the demonstration of good correlations between histologic sections and axial MRI slices performed at the corresponding cervical levels. The second step was the 〈〈in vivo〈〈 exploration of 20 subjects, aiming at the development of a gradient echo sequence (T2*) with a conventional MRI unit, compatible with a routine clinical examination. The dorsal horn was clearly identified in 77% of the axial slices performed (n = 300). The angle between the dorsal horn axis and the sagittal plane was measured as from 25.5˚ at C2 to 40˚ at C8 segments. The results of this anatomico-radiologic study of the cervical dorsal horn suggest that preoperative MRI could be useful to design the surgical approach to this structure, as performed during cervical microsurgical drezotomy (DREZ = dorsal root entry zone) for the treatment of selected cases of chronic pain or disabling spasticity in the upper limbs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00276-000-0081-8
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diagnosis of idiopathic myositis: value of 99mtechnetium pyrophosphate muscle scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging in targeted muscle biopsy (1998)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 17 (1998), S. 207-213 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Myositis ; Diagnosis ; Biopsy ; 99mtechnetium-pyrophosphate scintigraphy ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our objective was to study the value of 99mtechnetium-pyrophosphate (99mTc-PYP) muscle scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in detecting areas of likely muscle inflammation and in increasing the rate of positive muscle biopsies in patients with suspected myositis. The results showed that in 13 out of 13 patients with clinical and/or signs of inflammatory muscle disease, increased 99mTc-PYP uptake was demonstrated at different muscle sites 3 h after isotope injection. Subsequent MRI of symmetric muscle areas with enhanced 99mTc-PYP uptake revealed signal patterns suggesting inflammation in all cases. Biopsy of these targeted muscles demonstrated characteristic histopathologic signs of muscle inflammation in 9 out of 13 patients. Four of these 9 patients had clinically atypical disease or did not show elevated creatine phosphokinase levels. Seven of these 9 patients had not been pretreated with corticosteroids. In 4 patients only muscle fiber atrophy and/or necrosis without cellular infiltrations was seen. These 4 patients had received either high doses of corticosteroids or low doses over longer periods of time before muscle biopsy. In conclusion, the combination of 99mTc-PYP muscle scintigraphy and MRI demonstrated muscle areas with maximum inflammatory signal patterns. Targeting of muscles by MRI only will probably yield reliable results of muscle biopsy in cases of clinically and serologically characteristic myositis. 99mTc-PYP muscle scintigraphy may provide useful initial information about localization of inflamed muscle tissue, especially in atypical disease. Treatment with corticosteroids prior to histologic diagnosis may abolish inflammatory infiltrations in affected muscle tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002960050036
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