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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia ; Intensified induction therapy ; Toxicity ; Response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sixty patients with ANLL were given intensified remission induction therapy consisting of thioguanine, cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin (TAD). The mean age of patients was 47.6 years (range 18 to 74 years). Basing on leukemic cell kinetic data time sequencing of drugs was different from the original TAD protocol. Complete remission (CR) was achieved in 43/60 patients (72%) with 10 CR in 15 patients over 60 years of age. Seventy-nine percent of the CR were induced by one cycle vs. thirty percent reported from the original TAD regimen. The major cause of induction failure — in ten of the 60 patients — was thrombocytopenia refractory to platelet transfusions. Persisting leukemia after two induction cycles was documented in only two patients. Median remission duration by life table analysis is 10 months with 17 patients in continuous CR for 1+ to 22+ months.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Candida pneumonia ; Aspergillosis ; Bronchoscopy ; High resolution CT scan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a retrospective study of 56 patients with hematological malignancies and fungal pneumonia we have analyzed the value of different diagnostic procedures. In all patients (Candida n=29,Aspergillus n=23, mixed fungal infectionn=4) bronchoscopy and/or high-resolution computed tomography of the lungs was performed. Cultural detection of fungi in bronchoalveolar lavage was successful in 23/32Candida and 11/23Aspergillus pneumonias. Other relevant pathogens were identified by bronchoscopy in 21 cases. Thorax CT scans showed diagnostic evidence of fungal pneumonia in 10/13Candida and in 16/18Aspergillus infections. Blood cultures were positive in 9/33Candida pneumonias and in none of aspergillosis cases. Serological testing and surveillance cultures had only limited value for the early diagnosis of pulmonary mycosis. Our data suggest that bronchoscopy and high resolution CT scans are mutually complementary diagnostic tools with high sensitivity in patients with hematological malignancies and new pulmonary infiltrates. These procedures facilitate the early and reliable recognition of invasive fungal disease which may have a bearing on the initiation, length, and differential therapy of antimycotic drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Akute nichtlymphoblastische Leukämie ; intensivierte Induktionstherapie ; Toxizität ; prognostische Faktoren ; Acute nonlymphocytic leukemia ; Intensified induction therapy ; Toxicity ; Prognostic factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) and daunorubicin (DNR) (7+3 regimen) produced complete remission (C.R.) in 16 of 31 adult patients with ANLL (regimen A). Addition of vincristine (VCR) and ifosfamide (IF) revealed C.R. in 5 of 11 patients (regimen B). Dosage escalation for ARA-C and DNR and additional thioguanine (T.A.D. regimen) produced C.R. in 5 of 9 patients when ARA-C was given by continuous infusion (regimen D) and in 8 of 10 patients when given by bolus injections (regimen F). Clearance of blasts from the bone marrow by the first course was achieved in 11 of 14 patients by the T.A.D. regimens D and F vs. 15 of 38 patients by regimens A and B (p〈0.05). Time to recovery of neutrophils and platelets after one course of D or F was not prolonged as compared to A and B provided that clearance of bone marrow blasts was adequate. Increased dose of ARA-C by continuous infusion (D) instead of bolus injections (F) induced unacceptable gastrointestinal toxicity. In (only evaluable) regimen A median remission duration was 11.5 (1-31+) months. In patients with adequate blast clearance by the first course median remission duration was 19 (5-31+) months vs. 2.5 (1–6) months in the delayed blast clearance group (p〈0.001). In patients under 60 years of age in regimens D and F 11 of 11 achieved C.R. vs. 18 of 34 in A and B (p〈0.025). In patients receiving chemotherapy at original dosage 12 of 14 in regimens D and F achieved C.R. vs. 13 of 26 in A and B (p〈0.1).
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Cytosin-Arabinosid (ARA-C) und Daunorubicin (DNR) (7+3-Schema) führten bei 16 von 31 erwachsenen Patienten mit ANLL zu einer kompletten Remission (C.R.) (Regime A). Das identische Schema erweitert durch Vincristin (VCR) und Ifosfamid (IF) ergab eine C.R. bei 5 von 11 Patienten (Regime B). Dosissteigerung für ARA-C und DNR sowie Ergänzungen durch Thioguanin (TG) (T.A.D.-Schema) ergab C.R. bei 5 von 9 Patienten, wenn ARA-C kontinuierlich infundiert wurde (Regime D) und bei 8 von 10 Patienten wenn ARA-C als Bolus-Injektionen gegeben wurde (Regime F). Eine adäquate Blastenreduktion im Knochenmark bereits nach dem ersten Kurs zeigten bei den T.A.D.-Schemata D und F 11 von 14 Patienten gegenüber 15/38 bei A und B (p〈0,05). Die Erholungszeit der Neutrophilen und Thrombozyten war nach einem D- oder F-Kurs nicht länger als nach einem A- oder B-Kurs, sofern eine adäquate Blastenreduktion erzielt wurde. Erhöhte Dosis von ARA-C als Dauerinfusion (D) statt Bolusinjektion (F) verursachte inakzeptable gastro-intestinale Nebenwirkungen. Nach dem am längsten verfolgten Regime A betrug die mediane Remissionsdauer 11,5 (1-31+) Monate, und zwar bei Patienten mit adäquater Blastenreduktion durch den ersten Kurs 19 (5-31+) Monate vs. 2,5 (1–6) Monate bei Patienten mit verzögerter Blastenreduktion (p〈0,001). Bei Patienten unter 60 Jahren erreichten 11/11 bei den Regimen D und F eine C.R. gegenüber 18/34 in A und B (p〈0,025). Bei den Patienten ohne Dosisreduktion erreichten 12/14 bei den Regimen D und F und 13/36 bei A und B eine C.R. (p〈0,1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Candida pneumonia ; Aspergillosis ; Bronchoscopy ; High resolution CT scan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In a retrospective study of 56 patients with hematological malignancies and fungal pneumonia we have analyzed the value of different diagnostic procedures. In all patients (Candida n = 29, Aspergillus n = 23, mixed fungal infection n = 4) bronchoscopy and/or high-resolution computed tomography of the lungs was performed. Cultural detection of fungi in bronchoalveolar lavage was successful in 23/32 Candida and 11/23 Aspergillus pneumonias. Other relevant pathogens were identified by bronchoscopy in 21 cases. Thorax CT scans showed diagnostic evidence of fungal pneumonia in 10/13 Candida and in 16/18 Aspergillus infections. Blood cultures were positive in 9/33 Candida pneumonias and in none of aspergillosis cases. Serological testing and surveillance cultures had only limited value for the early diagnosis of pulmonary mycosis. Our data suggest that bronchoscopy and high resolution CT scans are mutually complementary diagnostic tools with high sensitivity in patients with hematological malignancies and new pulmonary infiltrates. These procedures facilitate the early and reliable recognition of invasive fungal disease which may have a bearing on the initiation, length, and differential therapy of antimycotic drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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