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  • Barrier nursing  (1)
  • CT-investigation  (1)
  • Conformation radiotherapy  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Pituitary tumour recurrence ; clinical symptoms ; CT-investigation ; recurrence rate ; prolactin level examination ; combined modality of surgical and radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tumour recurrence rate of 210 patients with operated hypophysomas were investigated. Depending on the surgicaal approach, total or subtotal extirpation of the adenomas, the recurrence rates varied from 10,4 to 35%. 33 patients with pituitary tumour recurrences were followed up over a period of 20 years. Clinical symptoms CT-results at relapse are represented. Serum prolactin level (PRL) was determined before and after surgical and radiotherapy of PRL-producing adenomas. In these cases PRL can be accepted as a tumour marker. 13 patients with relapsed hypophysomas received local irradiation (5.7 MeV linear accelerator) after recurrence operation. An individual comparison in the same patient between surgical therapy alone and combined surgical and radiotherapy was possible. Based on the obtained experience with this combined treatment a therapy scheme using combined surgery and radiotherapy in pituitary tumours is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Bone marrow transplantation ; Laminar air flow ; Barrier nursing ; Graft versus host disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Forty-eight patients with acute leukaemia in relapse (n=14), acute leukaemia in complete remission (n=19), chronic myeloid leukaemia (n=8) or severe aplastic anaemia (n=7) received a marrow transplant. The first 26 patients were nursed in laminar-air-flow plastic isolators while the next 22 patients were treated in barrier nursing rooms. Gnotobiotic parameters and morbidity in the 2 groups are compared. Good decontamination of the gastro-intestinal tract was obtained using either of the 2 isolation techniques. The incidence of bacterial and mycotic infections, as well as the supportive care required by the patients was almost equal in both groups. Our results also suggest that the incidence of graft versus host disease may decrease with efficient decontamination of the patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Gamma-Knife ; Radiochirurgie ; Linearbeschleuniger ; Konvergenzbestrahlung ; Konformationsbestrahlung ; Key words Gamma knife ; Radiosurgery ; Linear accelerator ; Convergent beam irradiation ; Conformation radiotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Introduction: The principles of radiosurgery were developed in 1951 by Leksell. Their technical realization led to the development of the gamma knife and stereotactically modified linear accelerator. Methods: In addition to the gamma knife, we present the different principles of convergent beam irradiation (radiosurgery with linear accelerator), the further development to fractionated stereotactic conformal radiotherapy, and the necessary quality-assurance steps. Results: The greatest uncertainties in the precision of radiosurgery result from medical imaging (CT 0.7 × 0.7 × 1 mm; DSA 1–5 mm; MR angiography 〈 2 mm). The focusing accuracy of the gamma knife (± 0.3 mm) can also be achieved today by linear accelerators using a stereotactic floorstand. For the same indication and the same dosage for the target volume, there are no clinical differences between the gamma knife and the linear accelerator (AVM: 80 % complete obliteration; metastases: 85 % local tumor control; AN: 90 % tumor control). However, there are greater differences in costs. There is no constellation where the gamma knife is just as expensive or more cost-effective than the linear accelerator treatment. The most cost-effective solution is modification of an available linear accelerator, resulting in treatment costs per patient of 9,201.25 DM (50 patients/year). Conclusion: There seem to be no methodological, physical, clinical or cost reasons for using a gamma knife, especially because the trend is going towards fractionated conformation radiotherapy instead of the application of high single doses.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Einführung: Die Prinzipien der Radiochirurgie wurden 1951 von Leksell entwickelt. Die technische Realisierung führte zur Entwicklung von Gamma-Knife und stereotaktisch umgerüstetem Linearbeschleuniger. Methode: Neben dem Gamma-Knife werden die unterschiedlichen Prinzipien der Konvergenzbestrahlung (Radiochirurgie mit Linearbeschleuniger), deren Weiterentwicklung zur fraktionierten stereotaktischen Konformationsbestrahlung und die notwendigen Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen dargestellt. Ergebnisse: Die größten Unsicherheiten in der Präzision der Radiochirurgie ergeben sich aus den bildgebenden Verfahren (CT 0,7 × 0,7 × 1 mm, DSA 1–5 mm, MR-Angiographie 〈 2 mm). Die Fokussiergenauigkeit des Gamma-Knife von ± 0,3 mm kann heutzutage auch von Linearbeschleunigern bei Verwendung eines Stereotaxiestativs erreicht werden. Bei gleicher Indikationsstellung und gleicher zielvolumenumschließender Dosierung ergeben sich keine klinischen Unterschiede zwischen Gamma-Knife und Linearbeschleuniger (AVM: 80 % vollständige Obliteration; Metastasen: 85 % lokale Tumorkontrolle; AN: 90 % Tumorkontrolle). Um so größer sind die Unterschiede bei den Kosten. Es gibt keine Konstellation, bei der das Gamma-Knife gleich teuer oder billiger ist als eine Linearbeschleunigerbehandlung. Die kostengünstigste Lösung ist die Umrüstung eines bestehenden Linearbeschleunigers, wobei Behandlungskosten von 9201,25 DM pro Patient (bei 50 Patienten/Jahr) entstehen. Zusammenfassung: Es lassen sich keine methodisch-physikalischen, klinischen oder Kostengründe finden, die für die Verwendung eines Gamma-Knife sprechen, insbesondere da die Entwicklung sich von der Applikation hoher Einzeitdosen zur fraktionierten Konformationsbestrahlung hinwendet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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