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  • Blast crisis  (2)
  • Gonadal toxicity  (2)
  • Myelodysplastic syndrome  (2)
  • Polycythemia vera  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reversible Keimzelltoxizität nach aggressiver Chemotherapie bei Patienten mit Hodentumoren: Ergebnisse einer prospektiven Studie (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 367-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Germ cell tumors ; Gonadal toxicity ; Chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The impact of aggressive chemotherapy on reproductive and endocrine gonadal function was prospectively studied in 44 patients with germ cell tumors. Diagnostic procedures to determine gonadal toxicity consisted of hormone determinations, semen analyses, interviews with a standardized questionnaire, and gonadal histology. After chemotherapy all patients showed elevated serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and azoospermia due to germ cell and stem cell loss. Recovery of spermatogenesis, as indicated by normalization of serum FSH levels and sperm density, occurred in 77% of the patients 25–60 months after cessation of chemotherapy. In all patients serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) values remained within normal limits after therapy indicating resistance of Leydig cells to cytotoxic drugs. Three patients fathered four healthy children after completion of chemotherapy. These data suggest significant reproductive dysfunction in all men treated for germ cell tumors. However, most patients showed late and complete recovery of spermatogenesis. In contrast, endocrine gonadal function was unaffected after chemotherapy in all patients. FSH and LH are feasible markers to assess drug-induced gonadal toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01711264
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Budd-chiari syndrome and thrombosis of other abdominal vessels in the chronic myeloproliferative diseases (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 67 (1989), S. 818-825 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Budd-Chiari syndrome ; Chronic myeloproliferative diseases ; Polycythemia vera ; Essential thrombocythemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Of 501 patients with chronic myeloproliferative diseases (c-MPD) 18 developed thrombosis of major abdominal vessels including 6 with hepatic vein thrombosis (Budd-Chiari syndrome). The complication was seen in 14 of 140 (10%) patients with polycythemia vera (PV), 3 of 23 (13%) patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET), 1 of 106 (1%) patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis (IMF), and none of 232 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Leading symptoms and signs were abdominal pain, progressive splenomegaly, widening abdominal girth, ascites, venous collaterals, and nausea and vomiting. The diagnostic modalities with highest specificity were angiography and explorative laparotomy. A causal relationship between the thrombotic event and hematocrit, thrombocyte count, or hemostatic abnormalities at the time of diagnosis could not be established. Detailed laboratory tests of platelet function and coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters of 5 surviving patients did not show any specific defect. Despite medical and surgical intervention, 39% of the patients died within 2 months after diagnosis of the thrombosis. The majority of the survivors developed further complications like liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension and esophageal varices or the short bowel syndrome after extensive bowel resection for mesenterial infarction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01725198
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pseudoreticulocytosis in a patient with myelodysplasia (1993)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 67 (1993), S. 127-128 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Myelodysplastic syndrome ; Reticulocytes ; Erythrocyte abnormalities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A patient with a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and reticulocytosis of 〉50% in the absence of a correspondingly increased erythrocyte turnover is reported. Evaluation of the kinetics of erythrocyte turnover revealed a decreased erythrocyte life span of 44 days. From these data a prolongation of the reticulocyte maturation time to 〉20 days can be concluded. The patient's erythrocytes lacked the increase of mean corpuscular volume and a significant increase of erythrocyte enzymes that would be expected in marked reticulocytosis. This finding suggests that the reticulocytes represented not newly formed red blood cells, but “pseudoreticulocytes”, i.e., mature erythrocytes that retained their substantia reticulofilamentosa.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01701735
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blast crisis of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) (1988)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 57 (1988), S. 131-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Chronic myeloproliferative syndrome ; Chronic myelocytic leukemia ; Blast crisis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied the clinical courses of 69 patients with blastic crises of Philadelphia chromosome positive CML to identify parameters that were associated with an increased response rate or survival. Cytogenetic analysis at the time of blastic transformation revealed additional chromosome changes in 70% of the patients tested. Bone marrow fibrosis was detected in 58% of evaluable patients. Lymphoblastic transformation was seen in 28% of the patients tested with cell surface marker analysis. The value of 5'-nucleotidase as a marker for distinguishing lymphoid from non-lymphoid blast crisis was confirmed. Of 57 evaluable patients, 23 (40%) responded to therapy (CR/PR longer than 14 days). Median survival was 75 days. Longer survival was related to the following factors: Ph1-chromosome as the only detectable cytogenetic abnormality; lymphoblastic transformation; no bone marrow fibrosis; high percentage of blasts and promyelocytes in the bone marrow, and response to therapy. No prognostic significance was associated with age, sex, Tdt, LDH, spleen size, duration of the chronic phase of the disease, white blood cell count, Hb, platelet count and percentages of basophils, eosinophils, erythroblasts and blasts and promyelocytes in the peripheral blood. These data confirm the poor prognosis of patients with blastic crisis of CML treated by conventional chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320153
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis: retrospective analysis of prognostic factors in 90 patients (1996)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 73 (1996), S. 225-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Chronic myelogenous leukemia ; Blast crisis ; Prognosis ; Karyotypic findings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Ninety patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis were reviewed to identify significant prognostic associations. At diagnosis of blast crisis the main clinical, laboratory, and cytogenetic data were recorded and evaluated for prognostic significance. At the time of the analysis 89 patients had died, with a median survival of 11 weeks from diagnosis of blast crisis. Patient characteristics demonstrated in the univariate analysis to have significant association with shorter survival were: thrombocythemia, leukocyte count above 20×109, Karnofsky index 〈50%, nonlymphoid blast cell morphology, cytogenetic clonal evolution, the presence of a double Philadelphia chromosome or trisomy 8, and no response to therapy. In 17 of 59 patients (29%) evaluable for response to therapy a complete or partial remission was achieved. These responders had a significantly longer median survival (25 weeks) as compared with nonresponders (9 weeks). Response to therapy was significantly better in lymphoid blast crisis and in patients without clonal evolution. In a multivariate analysis containing all significant variables of the univariate analysis two parameters retained their prognostic significance: response to therapy and trisomy 8. In spite of the short overall survival in blast crisis, the determination of prognostic factors may be a useful tool for the clinician planning therapy, especially new therapeutic approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002770050233
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blood group change in a patient with blastic transformation of a myelodysplastic syndrome (1987)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 54 (1987), S. 275-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Blood group ; Blastic transformation ; Myelodysplastic syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Loss of certain red blood cell antigens has been described in patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML). This paper describes the loss of blood group A antigen in a patient with AML. The acute leukemia in this patient was preceded by a myelodysplastic syndrome for several months. At the time of diagnosis the patient's red cells showed the 0 Rh(D)+ phenotype. After induction of complete remission with two courses of Daunorubicin, Cytosin-arabinosid, and Etoposid his blood group reverted to A2. Serological studies including saliva analysis revealed that the original blood group was very likely A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320875
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polycythemia vera. A clinical study of 141 patients (1989)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 59 (1989), S. 493-500 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Chronic myeloproliferative syndromes ; Polycythemia vera ; Prognostic factors ; Complications ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The clinical course of 141 unselected patients (64 m, 77 f, median age 59) with polycythemia vera (PV), treated during the period 1967 to 1986 was analyzed to study prognostic factors and the correlation between treatment strategies and complication rates. Therapy was performed according to a prospectively defined treatment protocol. Primary control of the disease was achieved by phlebotomy. Marrow suppression by radioactive phosphorus or low dose busulphan was used only as a second-line therapy or to lower high platelet counts. The clinical course of the patients was characterized by a low rate of acute leukemia (4%) and a high rate of thromboembolic complications (40%). Myelofibrosis developed in 17 patients (12%). Median survival of the patients was 9.4 years. The prognostic influence of several parameters at the time of diagnosis was tested: age, sex, spleen size, percentage of blood blasts + promyelocytes, leucocyte count, platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, reticulocyte count and the values of the lactatdehydrogenase (LDH) and the alkaline neutrophil phosphatase (ANP) all had no significant influence on the length of survival. The prognosis of PV patients with atypical disease presentation at diagnosis was not different from patients with typical disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00329494
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive and endocrine gonadal capacity in patients treated with COPP chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 113 (1987), S. 260-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Gonadal toxicity ; Hodgkin's disease ; COPP chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Testicular and ovarian functions were assessed in 33 patients with Hodgkin's disease 1 to 17 years after cessation of COPP chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone. Diagnostic procedures consisted of hormone measurements, interviews, and semen analyses. In women serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17β-estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and in men FSH, LH, 17β-estradiol, testosterone, and prolactin were determined. Semen analyses were performed in all men. Information concerning pregnancies, pregnancy outcome, future fertility wishes, sexual functions, menstrual pattern, and incidence of premature menopausal symptoms was ascertained by interview and questionnaire. Nineteen of 19 (100%) men showed elevated serum FSH levels between 715 and 1910 (median 1095) ng/ml and azoospermia, 1 to 11 years afters therapy. Serum levels of testosterone were within normal limits in 18/19 (95%) of the men, and LH values were normal in all men. Permanent ovarian failure occurred in 8/14 (57%) women, causing infertility and premature menopausal symptoms. The incidence of ovarian failure in women over 24 years was 86% (6/7) versus 28% (2/7) in those under 24 years at the time of treatment. In women receiving estrogen replacement, incidence and severity of these symptoms were significantly reduced. Of 14 women 3(21%) became pregnant and delivered 5 healthy children after treatment. Our results suggest irreversible sterility and normal Leydig cell function after COPP chemotherapy in all men. Druginduced ovarian failure was age-related and caused premature menopausal symptoms, detracting from the quality of the patient's life. To reduce premature menopausal symptoms and to prevent adverse cardiovascular and metabolic late sequelae, hormonal replacement is indicated. Pregnancies ending in normal live births can be achieved after COPP chemotherapy in young women. In both men and women, serum FSH and LH levels proved to be feasible markers to determine degree and duration of endocrine and reproductive gonadal injury after chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00396383
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