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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Germ cell tumors ; Gonadal toxicity ; Chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The impact of aggressive chemotherapy on reproductive and endocrine gonadal function was prospectively studied in 44 patients with germ cell tumors. Diagnostic procedures to determine gonadal toxicity consisted of hormone determinations, semen analyses, interviews with a standardized questionnaire, and gonadal histology. After chemotherapy all patients showed elevated serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and azoospermia due to germ cell and stem cell loss. Recovery of spermatogenesis, as indicated by normalization of serum FSH levels and sperm density, occurred in 77% of the patients 25–60 months after cessation of chemotherapy. In all patients serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) values remained within normal limits after therapy indicating resistance of Leydig cells to cytotoxic drugs. Three patients fathered four healthy children after completion of chemotherapy. These data suggest significant reproductive dysfunction in all men treated for germ cell tumors. However, most patients showed late and complete recovery of spermatogenesis. In contrast, endocrine gonadal function was unaffected after chemotherapy in all patients. FSH and LH are feasible markers to assess drug-induced gonadal toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Wirksamkeit der protektiven Isolierung und Isolierung mit zusätzlicher gastrointestinaler Dekontamination zur Beherrschung von infektiösen Komplikationen bei Patienten mit verminderter Abwehrfähigkeit wurde prospektiv in einer Gemeinschaftsstudie unter Beteiligung von einigen klinischen Zentren in einigen europäischen Ländern durchgeführt (European Organisation for Research on Treatment of Cancer, Gnotobiotic Project Group). Die Untersuchung wurde bei Patienten mit akuter Leukämie durchgeführt bei einer zur Remission führenden Therapie. Die Patientenzahl hing von dem in den verschiedenen Zentren zur Verfügung stehenden Krankengut ab. Über einen Zeitraum von fünf Jahren wurden 137 Fälle von drei verschiedenen Behandlungsgruppen randomisiert zugeteilt: Gruppe A (strenge protektive Isolierungssysteme mit Plastikzelten oder Laminar-Airflow-Isoliereinheiten und prophylaktische antimikrobielle Dekontamination durch Antibiotika, die nicht absorbiert werden), Gruppe B (strenge Isolierung als Einzelmaßnahme in einem der betreffenden Isoliersysteme) oder Gruppe C (Routinemäßige Hospitalpflege). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die Inzidenz von Kontamination bzw. Kolonisierung durch neuerworbene Bakterienspezies bei strenger Isolierung allein und noch deutlicher bei einer strengen Isolierung und antibakterieller Dekontamination signifikant herabgesetzt werden konnten. Auch zeigte sich, daß in der Gruppe A weniger häufig schwere Infektionen auftraten. Noch höher signifikant schien das Auftreten von Lungeninfektionen in den beiden Gruppen A und B in Vergleich zu Gruppe C reduziert zu sein. Die Remissionsrate von Patienten mit akuter Leukämie war im Vergleich mit den Gruppen A und B zur Gruppe C höher (69%, 61%, 49%) obwohl dieses Ergebnis statistisch nicht signifikant war. Jedoch lassen die mikrobiologischen Untersuchungen und das Ergebnis der Studie vermuten, daß sowohl die Technik der protektiven Isolierung als auch die der antimikrobiellen Dekontamination verbessert werden müssen, um ein weiteres Absinken der Infektionsinzidenz bei gefährdeten Patienten zu erreichen.
    Notes: Summary The efficiency of protective isolation and protective isolation plus gastrointestinal decontamination on the control of infectious complications in patients with decreased defence capacity was investigated prospectively in a cooperative trial with the participation of clinical centers in several European countries (European Organization for Research on Treatment of Cancer, Gnotobiotic Project Group). The study was performed in patients with acute leukemia under remission-induction therapy on the basis of the frequency of such patients in the participating centers. Over a period of five years, 137 cases of acute leukemia were randomly allocated to three different treatment groups as follows: Group A: strict protective isolation in plastic isolation systems or laminar air flow isolators and prophylactic antimicrobial decontamination by non-absorbable antibiotics, Group B: strict isolation alone in one or the other type of isolator, and Group C: routine hospital ward. The results demonstrated that the incidence of contamination and colonization with new bacteria could be decreased significantly by strict protective isolation alone and even more markedly by strict protective isolation and antimicrobial decontamination. They also demonstrated that in Group A there were less frequent episodes of severe infection. More specifically, the incidence of pulmonary infection was reduced significantly in both Groups A and B in comparison with Group C. The remission rate of acute leukemia was higher in patients of Groups A and B versus Group C (69%, 61%, 49%), although this result was not significant. However, the microbiological investigations and the outcome of the study suggest that the techniques of protective isolation and antimicrobial decontamination have to be improved to decrease further the incidence of infection in the compromised host.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer kooperativen Studie wurde die Qualität der protektiven Isolierung sowie der antimikrobiellen Dekontaminierung der Verdauungswege bei Patienten mit akuter Leukämie untersucht. Als Gradmesser dienten typisierte Isolate vonEnterobacteriaceae sp.,Pseudomonas aeruginosa undStaphylococcus, gewonnen aus Mundspülflüssigkeit und Stuhl. Die Untersuchungsproben wurden von 82 Patienten vor und während der gesamten Therapiephase gewonnen. Die Patienten wurden in drei Gruppen eingeteilt: Gruppe A in protektiver Isolierung und mit antibiotischer Dekontaminierung mittels kombinierter oraler Gabe von Neomycin, Polymyxin, Bacitracin und Nystatin; Gruppe B in protektiver Isolierung ohne antibiotische Dekontaminierung; Gruppe C in normaler Krankenpflege ohne antibiotische Dekontaminierung. Protektive Isolierung war in vollständiger Weise nur bei einem der 32 Patienten der Gruppe B für die gesamte Behandlungsperiode erreichbar. In Gruppe A, in welcher die Patienten neben der protektiven Isolierung eine antibiotische Dekontaminierung erhielten, war die Isolierung in 57% der 28 Patienten vollständig. Antibiotische Dekontaminierung der Verdauungswege über die gesamte Therapiedauer und bezüglich aller potentiell pathogenen Spezies war nur bei vier (14%) der 28 Patienten der Gruppe A vollständig. Bakteriologisch gesicherte Infektion kam bei 50% der Patienten in Gruppe A, bei 59% in Gruppe B und bei 64% in Gruppe C vor. Aus den Ergebnissen ist zu schließen, daß die Qualität der protektiven Isolierung unzureichend war, jedoch durch die orale Gabe von nicht resorbierbaren Antibiotika verbessert werden konnte. Auch die antibiotische Dekontaminierung in dieser Form war unzureichend und bedarf der Verbesserung.
    Notes: Summary In a cooperative study, the quality of protective isolation and of antibiotic decontamination of the digestive tract was studied in patients with acute leukamia by (bio)-typing ofEnterobacteriaceae species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from oral washings and faecal samples. These samples were collected before and during treatment of 82 patients who were either isolated and decontaminated for which latter purposes a combination of neomycin, polymyxin, bacitracin and nystatin was used (Group A); isolated without decontamination (Group B) or treated on the ward without antibiotic decontamination (Group C). The results indicated that protective isolation had only been completely successful during the entire (remission induction) treatment period in one of the 32 patients in Group B. In Group A patients, who underwent antibiotic decontamination in addition, successful isolation was achieved in 57% of 28 patients. Successful antibiotic decontamination of the digestive tract for the entire treatment period as far as all potentially pathogenic species are concerned, was realized in 4 (14%) of the 28 patients of Group A. Bacteriologically confirmed infections occurred in 50% of Group A patients, in 59% Group B patients and in 64% of Group C patients. It is concluded that the quality of isolation had in general been insufficient but that it was improved by oral nonabsorbable antibiotics and, furthermore, that the antibiotic decontamination procedure also requires improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 147 (1940), S. 353-363 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde zunächst auf die Besonderheit der Klinik der Osteomyelitis der platten Schädelknochen eingegangen. Mit Rücksicht auf die Besonderheiten der Klinik der Osteomyelitis wurden die Vor- und Nachteile des radikal-operativen Vorgehens der konservativen Behandlung gegenübergestellt. Es werden Eigenbeobachtungen mitgeteilt, an Hand derer unter Berücksichtigung der Schwere des klinischen Bildes einerseits und der Notwendigkeit einer kosmetischen Rücksichtnahme andererseits der Skalpierschnitt als die Methode der Wahl vorgeschlagen wird. In der Bachbehandlung erwies sich eine Lebertransalbenbehandlung des Operationsgebietes als besonders geeignet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 145 (1938), S. 366-376 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 30 (1974), S. 946-947 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hydrolysate, hergestellt mit einerB.-subtilis-Proteaseaus Endo-und Exotoxinen pathogener Mikroorganismen, stimulieren menschliche Lymphozyten in vitro. Die Stimulation ist schwach, verglichen mit Phytohämagglutinin, und wahrscheinlich immunologisch unspezifisch.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Secondary peritonitis ; Pharma economics ; Imipenem therapy ; Comparative study. ; Schlüsselwörter: Sekundäre Peritonitis ; Pharmaökonomie ; Imipenem-Therapie ; Vergleichende Studie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Im Rahmen einer prospektiven, randomisierten, multizentrischen Studie wurden die Gesamtbehandlungskosten von Patienten mit sekundärer Peritonitis erhoben. Dabei wurde die Kosteneffektivität einer initialen Behandlung mit Imipenem/Cilastatin mit der anderer ausgewählter Therapieregimes verglichen. Es wurden insgesamt 154 Patienten (77 Imipenem/Cilastatingruppe, 77 Alternativtherapiegruppe), die Mannheimer Peritonitisindices zwischen 16 und 26 (Mittelwert: 20,8) aufwiesen, in die Auswertung einbezogen. Die ermittelten durchschnittlichen Gesamtkosten betrugen 11.140 DM pro Patient (Einzelwerte lagen zwischen 2.794–45.526 DM). Patienten mit einer initialen Imipenem/Cilastatintherapie verursachten im Mittel Kosten in Höhe von 10.455 DM, während für die Patienten mit einer Alternativtherapie durchschnittliche Kosten von 11.826 DM ermittelt wurden; der Unterschied zwischen den Gruppenergebnissen ist statistisch signifikant (p = 0,037).
    Notes: Summary. The total costs of the hospital treatment of patients with secondary peritonitis were investigated with a prospective, randomized, multicenter study. Moreover, the cost- effectiveness of an initial therapy with Imipenem/Cilastatin was compared to selected alternative antibiotic regimens. Altogether 154 patients (77 Imipenem/Cilastatin group, 77 alternative group) that displayed Mannheim Peritonitis Scores between 16 and 26 (average 20.8) were analyzed. The average total cost of treatment was DM 11 140 per patient (range DM 2794–45 526). Patients receiving an initial therapy with Imipenem/Cilastatin incurred average costs of DM 10 455, while patients with alternative regimens caused average costs of DM 11 826. The difference between the two treatment groups was statistically significant (P = 0.037).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words De novo AML ; Adults ; HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  A total of 149 consecutive de novo AML patients aged 50 years or less (median age = 37 years) were enrolled in this prospective multicenter trial initiated in May 1985. All patients received the same induction and early consolidation therapy with daunorubicin (DNR), cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), and etoposide (DAV). High-dose Ara-C/DNR therapy included Ara-C at 3 g/m2, in 12 doses (HD-Ara-C/DNR I) and eight doses (HD-Ara-C/DNR II), followed by DNR 30 mg/m2 for 3 days. A complete remission (CR) was achieved in 104 (70%) patients; 61 complete responders received at least one cycle with HD-Ara-C/DNR. If those patients who were transplanted in first CR (n = 26), were not considered, the median relapse-free-survival (MRFS) of the remaining 78 patients was 15 months, with a probability of relapse-free survival (RFS) at 116 months of 30% (95% CI, 20–40%) after a median follow-up of 95 months. The MRFS of the HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidated patients was 25 months, with a probability of RFS at 116 months of 37% (95% CI, 24–50%). If all patients who were transplanted (n = 44) were not considered, the median survival time (MST) was 18 months with a probability of being alive at 118 months of 24% (95% CI, 16–33%). MST of the HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidated patients was 58 months with a survival probability of 46% (95% CI, 31–60%) at 118 months. Prognostic factor analysis did not reveal any significant influence of age, sex, FAB subtype, white blood cell count, hemoglobin level, thrombocyte count, LDH, or response to the first induction course on RFS of the HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidated patients. In summary, HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidation can improve the long-term outcome of a subgroup of de novo AML patients. Further improvement of the outcome seems to depend on the identification of patients with an inferior outcome under that strategy who might benefit from alternative treatment strategies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: De novo AML ; Adults ; HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 149 consecutive de novo AML patients aged 50 years or less (median age = 37 years) were enrolled in this prospective multicenter trial initiated in May 1985. All patients received the same induction and early consolidation therapy with daunorubicin (DNR), cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), and etoposide (DAV). High-dose Ara-C/DNR therapy included Ara-C at 3 g/m2, in 12 doses (HD-Ara-C/DNR I) and eight doses (HD-Ara-C/DNR II), followed by DNR 30 mg/m2 for 3 days. A complete remission (CR) was achieved in 104 (70%) patients; 61 complete responders received at least one cycle with HD-Ara-C/DNR. If those patients who were transplanted in first CR (n=26), were not considered, the median relapsefree-survival (MRFS) of the remaining 78 patients was 15 months, with a probability of relapse-free survival (RFS) at 116 months of 30% (95% CI, 20–40%) after a median follow-up of 95 months. The MRFS of the HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidated patients was 25 months, with a probability of RFS at 116 months of 37% (95% CI, 24–50%). If all patients who were transplanted (n=44) were not considered, the median survival time (MST) was 18 months with a probability of being alive at 118 months of 24% (95% CI, 16–33%). MST of the HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidated patients was 58 months with a survival probability of 46% (95% CI, 31–60%) at 118 months. Prognostic factor analysis did not reveal any significant influence of age, sex, FAB subtype, white blood cell count, hemoglobin level, thrombocyte count, LDH, or response to the first induction course on RFS of the HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidated patients. In summary, HD-Ara-C/DNR consolidation can improve the long-term outcome of a subgroup of de novo AML patients. Further improvement of the outcome seems to depend on the identification of patients with an inferior outcome under that strategy who might benefit from alternative treatment strategies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Interferon gamma ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Controlled clinical trial ; Multicenter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The controlled clinical trial reported here is part of a multicenter clinical and basic research project, sponsored by the German Federal Minister of Science and Technology, directed by a standing commission of the president of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, and coordinated by the Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, München. Overall, 249 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were enrolled by 16 participating hospitals. In addition to NSAID treatment, patients were randomly given either interferon gamma (IFN-γ) or placebo. In the IFN-γ group, 107 patients were evaluated and in the control group, 116 patients were evaluated. The response rate after 3 months of treatment, according to joint pain indexes, was significantly higher in the IFN-γ group with an error probability of 1%. IFN-γ was able to reduce the quantity of corticosteroids administered. Compared with the control group, the IFN-γ group benefited considering all parameters measured. Most important side effects were transient fever and transient influenza-like symptoms; all other adverse events were comparable in both groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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