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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological observations on the chorio-allantoic placenta of the minkThis paper is a portion of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Harvard University. (1957)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 127 (1957), S. 231-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091270209
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cytology of hofbauer cellsThis study was supported by grant 5 R01 HD-02613 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 167 (1970), S. 231-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cytological investigation of Hofbauer cells in various stages of gestation reveals that they are similar to normal macrophages except for unusually large cytoplasmic flanges and included vacuoles. The system of vacuoles is apparently the result of macropinocytotic activity. The individual vacuoles undergo asymmetrical collapse in regions adjacent to small juxtavacuolar tubules thought to be derived from the agranular endoplasmic reticulum. In addition, coated micropinocytotic vesicles are common. Hofbauer cells thus appear to be a type of macrophage with an unusual capacity for fluid ingestion. In younger placentas, Hofbauer cells are usually associated with extracellular compartments within the stroma. These compartments are relatively free of collagen fibrils and demonstrable ground substance and are clearly demarcated from the rest of the stroma by processes of fibroblasts. The abundance of these cells in early placentas, their location in the stroma, and evidence of their pinocytotic activity suggest that these cells may play a role in removal of proteins from interstitial fluid. Hofbauer-like cells were also studied in the guinea pig and the little brown bat. Of these two species, the Hofbauer-like cells of the bat more closely resemble human Hofbauer cells in that they show evidence of extensive macropinocytotic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091670211
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake of exogenous protein by the preimplantation rabbitThis investigation was supported by grant 2 RO1 HD04962 from The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 179 (1974), S. 311-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A study of the uptake of exogenous proteins, peroxidase, ferritin, and myoglobin by rabbit blastomeres of different developmental stages was undertaken to determine some of the means by which these stages ingest protein. Exposure of embryos in preimplantation stages, ranging from fertilized ovum to late blastocyst, was carried out in vitro with selected in vivo controls. Blastomeres of early cleavage stages up to the morula show little uptake of peroxidase. However, the endocytosis of peroxidase greatly increases with the morula stages and continues at an elevated level through the blastocyst stages. The uptake of the tracer is initially accomplished via micropinocytotic vesicles and tubules and can have several subsequent fates. The tracer can pass into larger vacuoles and be transported into the cavity of the blastocyst, or can pass into multivesicular bodies where it is presumably degraded by the lysosomal system for cellular use. The use of myoglobin at selected blastocyst stages yielded results similar to those obtained with peroxidase. However, the response by the blastomeres to ferritin is different. Endocytosis of ferritin is scant at all preimplantation stages, even though the ferritin has no difficulty reaching the surface of the blastomeres. The experiment with mechanically denuded blastocysts indicated that ferritin did not adsorb to the cell surface.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091790304
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mouse uterine glands during the delayed and induced implantation periodsThis study was supported by Grants HD 04962 and HD 10342 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and by National Institute of Health Traineeship Grant GM 021025 to the Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 190 (1978), S. 271-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Mouse uterine glandular epithelium during the lactationally delayed implantation period and after estradiol induction of implantation was investigated using light and electron microscopy. During the delayed implantation period the lumen of this simple tubular gland is narrowed. The glandular epithelial cells have a well developed Golgi complex lateral to the nucleus, and numerous cisternae of smooth and rough endoplasmic reticula (RER) and many electron lucent apical vesicles of sizes up to 0.2 μm in diameter near the luminal border. The basal region contains lipid droplets and dispersed, irregular cisternae of RER. Twenty-four hours after the administration of 17β-estradiol the glandular lumina become dilated but the luminal content does not stain with azure B. Ultrastructurally the glandular cells are not remarkably different from those seen during the delay period. However, by 48 hours after estradiol administration the glandular lumina are not only dilated but filled with material which stains intensely with azure B and is ultrastructurally dense and homogeneous. The apical region of the glandular cells contains granules up to 0.4 μm in diameter composed of electron dense material similar in density to that seen in the glandular lumen. In addition, the Golgi complex has assumed a position apical to the nucleus, and the basal RER has an increased number and more orderly arrangement of cisternae.The changes seen in the uterine glands after the induction of implantation during the delay period are apparently indicative of increased secretory activity of the glandular epithelia. However, the contribution of the glands to the changes in uterine fluid composition has yet to be established.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091900210
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trophoblast-decidual cell interactions and establishment of maternal blood circulation in the parietal yolk sac placenta of the rat (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 217 (1987), S. 203-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Implantation sites from rats were studied on days 6, 7, and 8 of pregnancy to determine the sequence of events in the formation of blood spaces in the trophoblast that is part of the parietal wall of the yolk sac placenta and to determine how trophoblast gains access to maternal blood. The maternal blood flowing through these spaces is the source of nutrients that reach the embryo via the visceral endoderm. Tissues were prepared for light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Trophoblast blood spaces are derived from the lateral intercellular spaces of trophoblast cells and are present in a collapsed condition until day 8, when maternal vessels are tapped by trophoblast. These spaces than contain circulating maternal blood, and trophoblast cells reflect adaptations for metabolic exchange including thinning of trophoblast covering Reichert's membrane and the appearance of numerous fenestrations, with and without diaphragms, in the areas where trophoblast is attenuated. Between days 6 and 7 decidual cells appear to form a barrier between the maternal circulation and trophoblast. On day 7, however, decidual cell processes penetrate the residual uterine luminal epithelial basal lamina, and then the decidual cells that are juxtaposed to trophoblast undergo degradative changes that resemble apoptosis. There is condensation of cytoplasmic contents, fragmentation of the cells, and phagocytosis of the fragments by trophoblast. Some decidual cells are interposed between endothelial cells in the walls of maternal vessels as early as day 7. Trophoblast may gain access to the maternal vessels by replacing decidual cells or by direct imposition of trophoblast cell processes between endothelial cells.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092170213
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative studies on the endometrium of delayed implantationSupported by a grant from the National Science Foundation. (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 139 (1961), S. 483-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091390405
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytology of the fetal zone of the adrenal gland of the armadilloSupported by National Science Foundation grant GB-2476 and NICHD grant 5T1-HD-21. (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 154 (1966), S. 807-821 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The fine structure of the adrenal gland of the fetal armadillo was examined by electron microscopy to determine whether or not there were two cell types in the parenchyma of the fetal zone, as suggested by examination by light microscopy, and whether any of the cells of this zone had the cytological features associated with steroid production.Two cell types were found. One cell type is composed of large cells situated in clusters and containing a relative paucity of organelles. The other cell type is composed of smaller, eosinophilic, PAS positive cells, situated primarily in a reticular pattern around the blood vessels. This second cell type has numerous spherical mitochondria with tubular cristae and an extensive tubular agranular endoplasmic reticulum. It is concluded that this latter cell type is responsible for the steroid production reported by other authors. Both of the cell types of the fetal zone appear to be derived from the original mesenchymal blastema of the adrenal gland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091540409
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The placenta of the four-eyed opossum (philander opossum)Philander opossum)Supported by grant 5 RO1 HD02613 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 165 (1969), S. 431-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The placental membranes of the four-eyed opossum were studied by light and electron microscopy. The individual fetuses in each uterus were surrounded by amnion, had allantoic sacs of approximately the same size as each fetus, and were situated in a common yolk sac cavity. The extent of the choriovitelline placenta was marked by a prominent sinus terminalis, and at this margin there was a region where the trophoblast cells penetrated folds of the endometrium. Elsewhere the choriovitelline placenta was closely applied to the uterine epithelium along most of its surface, but the microvilli of the two epithelia did not interdigitate. Numerous inclusion bodies were seen in the trophoblast of both the choriovitelline and bilaminar omphalopleure portions of the placenta, but the aggregates were larger in the latter. The endoderm cells of the choriovitelline placenta had extensive endoplasmic reticulum and numerous mitochondria, but did not have conspicuous absorption canaliculi.Placentation in the four-eyed opossum appears to represent a progressive advance over that of the Virginia opossum both in confluence of the yolk sacs of the fetuses and in having a region of penetration of the maternal endometrium by trophoblast.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091650311
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface coats of the mouse blastocyst and uterus during the preimplantation periodSupported by grant 2 R01 HD04962 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 180 (1974), S. 31-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A glycoprotein coat is demonstrable on the free surface of both the blastocyst and uterine luminal epithelium of the mouse on day 4 and day 5 of normal pregnancy, and on day 7 of delayed implantation, using concanavalin A-peroxidase and ruthenium red. The coats are apparently negatively charged, as shown by their binding with colloidal thorium dioxide. The cell coat on uterine epithelium is appreciably thicker than that on the blastocyst. The information currently available is sufficient to suggest that simplistic mechanisms such as change in charge or total thickness cannot be the sole basis of initial adhesion, but that some localized reduction of the uterine surface coat accompanies adhesion. However, considerably more information is necessary concerning the nature of the surface coats before a more comprehensive understanding of the role of adhesion in implantation can be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091800105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differentiation and migration of endoderm in the rat and mouse at implantationThis study was supported by grants HD 04962 and HD 10342 from the National Institue of Child Health and Human Development. (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 190 (1978), S. 65-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The initial differentiation of endoderm at the time of onset of implantation, and the subsequent rapid differentiation of visceral and parietal endoderm were studied in the rat and mouse. Transmission electron microscopy illustrates the reorientation and loosening of embryonic cell mass cells during implantation, as well as cytological evidence that endoderm cells have differentiated. Using scanning electron microscopy, parietal endoderm consists of individual stellate cells with numerous peripheral branching filopodia. As these cells migrate abembryonically, the rest of the embryonic cell mass becomes recom-pacted. The visceral endoderm proliferates and forms a columnar epithelium which has the cytological characteristic of an absorptive epithelium and is able to ingest exogenous proteins. Thus, by 24 hours after implantation, the two endo-dermal derivatives have assumed widely diverse shapes and different types of associations and rates of replication, and are probably performing different functions.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091900107
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