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  • Chemistry  (14)
  • Coccoidea  (2)
  • Key wordsSchizosaccharomyces pombe  (2)
  • Margarodidae  (2)
  • Measurement  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of hrp1 +, a new member of the SNF2/SWI2 gene family from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 257 (1998), S. 319-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsSchizosaccharomyces pombe ; SNF2/SWI2 protein family ; ATPase/helicase domains ; DNA-binding domain ; Chromodomain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The SNF2/SWI2 ATPase/helicase family comprises proteins from a variety of species, which serve a number of functions, such as transcriptional regulation, maintenance of chromosome stability during mitosis, and various types of DNA repair. Several proteins with unknown functions are also included in this family. The number of genes that belong to this family is rapidly expanding, which makes it easier to analyze the common biological functions of the family members. This study was designed to clone the SNF2/SWI2 helicase-related genes from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe in the hope that this would help to elucidate the common functions of the proteins in this family. The hrp1 + (helicase-related gene from S. p ombe) gene was initially cloned by PCR amplification using degenerate primers based on conserved SNF2 motifs within the ERCC6 gene, which encodes a protein involved in DNA excision repair. The hrp1 + ORF codes for an 1373-amino acid polypeptide with a molecular mass of 159 kDa. Like other SNF2/SWI2 family proteins, the deduced amino acid sequence of Hrp1 contains DNA-dependent ATPase/7 helicase domains, as well as a chromodomain and a DNA-binding domain. This configuration is similar to that of mCHD1 (mouse chromo-ATPase/helicase-DNA-binding protein 1), suggesting that Hrp1 is a S. pombe homolog of mCHD1, which is thought to function in altering the chromatin structure to facilitate gene expression. Northern blot analysis showed that the hrp1 + gene produces a 4.6-kb transcript, which reaches its maximal level just before the cells enter the exponential growth phase, and then decreases gradually. DNA-damaging agents, such as MMS, MNNG and UV, decrease the rate of transcription of hrp1 +. Deletion of the hrp1 + gene resulted in accelerated cell growth. On the other hand, overexpression of Hrp1 caused a reduction in growth rate. These results indicate that hrp1 + may act as a negative regulator of cellular growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050653
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the DNA damage-responsive elements of the rhp51 + gene, a recA and RAD51 homolog from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (1996)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 251 (1996), S. 167-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsSchizosaccharomyces pombe ; DNA-damage inducibility ; Damage-responsive element ; Upstream activating sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The Schizosaccharomyces pombe rhp51 + gene encodes a recombinational repair protein that shares significant sequence identities with the bacterial RecA and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1RAD51 protein. Levels of rhp51 + mRNA increase following several types of DNA damage or inhibition of DNA synthesis. An rhp51:: ura4 fusion gene was used to identify the cis-acting promoter elements involved in regulating rhp51 + expression in response to DNA damage. Two elements, designated DRE1 and DRE2 (for damage-responsive element), match a decamer consensus URS (upstream repressing sequence) found in the promoters of many other DNA repair and metabolism genes from S. cerevisiae. However, our results show that DRE1 and DRE2 each function as a UAS (upstream activating sequence) rather than a URS and are also required for DNA-damage inducibility of the gene. A 20-bp fragment located downstream of both DRE1 and DRE2 is responsible for URS function. The DRE1 and DRE2 elements cross-competed for binding to two proteins of 45 and 59 kDa. DNase I footprint analysis suggests that DRE1 and DRE2 bind to the same DNA-binding proteins. These results suggest that the DRE-binding proteins may play an important role in the DNA-damage inducibility of rhp51 + expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02172915
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-attraction between two species ofMatsucoccus (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 609-617 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; interspecific attraction ; red pine scale ; Matsucoccus resinosae ; Matsucoccus n. sp. ; Pinus resinosa ; Pinus thunbergiana ; Homoptera ; Coccoidea ; Margarodidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In laboratory bioassays, males ofMatsucoccus resinosae fromPinus resinosa in New York andMatsucoccus n. sp. fromPinus thunbergiana in Korea were strongly attracted to crude hexane extracts ofM. resinosae females, andM. resinosae males responded strongly to extracts ofMatsucoccus n. sp. females. Males of the two species responded similarly to gas chromatographic fractions and subfractions of a pentane extract ofM. resinosae females. Sex pheromones of these two species appear to be the same or very similar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012096
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response ofMatsucoccus thunbergianae males to synthetic sex pheromone and its utilization for monitoring the spread of infestation (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 2185-2196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Matsucoccus thunbergianae ; Homoptera ; Coccoidea ; Margarodidae ; black pine bast scale ; sex pheromone ; attractant ; (2E,4E6R,10R)-4 ; 6,10,12-tetramethyl-2,4-tridecadien-7-one ; matsuone ; monitoring ; detection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Attraction of (2E,4E,6R,10R)-4,6,10,12-tetramethyl-2,4-tridecadien-7-one [1; (6R,10R)-matsuone] and its antipode [2; (6S,10S)-matsuone] toMatsucoccus thunbergianae males was studied in the laboratory and in the field. They showed stronger response to1. In laboratory bioassays, the threshold concentrations for male attraction with1 and2 were 16 fg and 150 pg, respectively. In the field, during the first two days after traps were set, traps baited with 50 µg of1 on rubber septa or filter paper rolls caught more males than control traps. Between the sixth day and the tenth day after traps were set, in a daily trap catch experiment, the traps with 50 µg of1 on filter paper rolls caught more males than control traps on one day only, whereas those on rubber septa were always effective. The shape of the traps did not affect male catches. Males were caught on pheromone traps in locations where no scales were found by the customary detecting procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033196
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of femoral neck anteversion in 3D. Part 2:3D modelling method (2000)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 38 (2000), S. 610-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Femoral anteversion ; 3D ; Modelling ; Measurement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Femoral neck anteversion is the torsion of the femoral head with reference to the distal femur. Conventional methods that use cross-sectional computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance or ultrasound images to estimate femoral anteversion have met with several problems owing to the complex three-dimensional (3D) structure of the femur. A 3D imaging method has been developed that virtually measures femoral anteversion on the 3D computer space with continuous CT slices; this 3D method provides more accurate and reliable results than conventional 2D CT measurements. A 3D modelling method is devised for the measurement of femoral neck anteversion. This method has advantages over the 3D imaging method, such as shorter processing time, reduced number of slices and an objective result compared with the 3D imaging method. The results of the 3D modelling method are compared with the conventional CT methods (2D CT method and 3D imaging method) using 20 dried femurs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02344865
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of femoral neck anteversion in 3D. Part 1: 3D imaging method (2000)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 38 (2000), S. 603-609 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Femoral anteversion ; Rendering ; 3D imaging ; Measurement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Femoral neck anteversion is the torsion of the femoral head with reference to the distal femur. Conventional methods that use cross-sectional computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance or ultrasound images to estimate femoral anteversion have met with several problems owing to the complex, three-dimensional (3D) structure of the femur. These problems include not only the difficulty of defining the direction of the femoral neck axis and condylar line but also the dependency upon patient positioning. In particular, the femoral neck axis, the direction of the femoral head, known as the major source of error, is difficult to determine from either a single or several two-dimensional (2D) cross-sectional images. A new method has been devised for the measurement of femoral anteversion using the 3D imaging technique. 3D reconstructed CT images from the femoral head and trochanter to the distal femur are used to measure the anteversion. It is necessary to remove the soft tissue from the CT images and extract just the bone part. Then, the femoral anteversion is measured from a computer-rendered femur image. The 3D imaging method is compared with both the conventional 2D method and the physical method using 20 dried femurs. For the physical method, which is used as a reference value, a special apparatus is devised. The average difference between the results of the physical method and those of the 2D CT method is 5.33°. The average difference between the results of the physical method and those of the 3D imaging method is 0.45°. Seventy-four patients, who suffer from toe-in-gait disease, are tested to compare the 3D imaging method with the conventional 2D CT method. The average difference between the 2D and 3D methods is 8.6°, and the standard is 7.43°. This method provides a very accurate and reliable measurement of femoral anteversion, as it is virtually equivalent to the direct measurement of bisected dried femur in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02344864
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Batch fermentation kinetics of sugar beet molasses by Zymomonas mobilis (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 38 (1991), S. 304-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Zymomonas mobilis ; molasses ; fermentation ; ethanol ; osmolality ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new osmotolerant mutant strain of Zymomonas mobilis was successfully used for ethanol production from beet molasses. Addition of magnesium sulfate to hydrolyzed molasses allowed repeated growth without the need of yeast extract addition. The kinetics and yields parameters of fermentation on media with different molasses concentrations were calculated. The anabolic parameters (specific growth rate, μ, and biomass yield, YX/S) were inhibited at elevated molasses concentrations while the catabolic parameters (specific ethanol productivity, qp, and ethanol yield, Yp/s) were not significantly affected. In addition to ethanol and substrate inhibition, osmotic pressure effects can explain the observed results.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260380312
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of penicillin in a fluidized-bed bioreactor using a carrier-supported mycelial growth (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 28 (1986), S. 1838-1844 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A carrier-supported mycelial growth of Penicillium chrysogenum was applied to penicillin fermentation system using celite as a support material. Hyphal growth through the pore matrices of the material showed strong anchorages and provided highly stable biofilm growth. With bioparticles developed in such a manner, both cell growth and penicillin production were observed to increase significantly compared to the conventional dispersed filamentous cultures. Maximum values of specific penicillin production rate were found to be constant regardless of the growth form. A three-phase fluidized-bed fermentor was designed and tested for penicillin production using the bioparticles. Two modes of operation, semicontinuous and repeated fed batch, of the fermentor were tried. It was noted that the overgrowth of free mycelia and the development of fluffy loose bioparticles caused poor mixing and made the fermentor operation quite difficult. Control of the bioparticle size and the extension of production phase were therefore considered important to maintain the reactor productivity at a desired level. From the results of repeated fed-batch operation it was found that the control of bioparticle size could be successfully achieved by phosphate-limiting culture condition. Penicillin production under this condition was also observed to be maintained at a high level (about 80% of the maximum) for at least 1 month.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260281211
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of spore mutants for fed-batch and continuous fermentation of Bacillus subtilis (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 47 (1995), S. 696-702 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Bacillis subtilis ; spore mutant ; fed-batch ; continuous culture ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: To alleviate plasmid instability and to prolong the production phase of subtilisin, integrable plasmid and spore mutants are used. Compared with batch-type shake flask cultures, spore mutants' ability to produce subtilisin can be well pronounced in fed-batch and continuous cultures. Hence, the two culture methods make it possible to identify the peculiar characteristics of the spore mutants unobtainable in batch culture. Spore mutants can enhance subtilisin productivity and prolong subtilisin production time in fed-batch culture as well as enable us to use very low dilution rates (〈0.1 h-1) without losing productivity in continuous culture, thereby improving the conversion yield of the nitrogen source. At 0.05 h-1 the spollG mutant of Bacillus subtilis DB104 (Δnpr Δapr) (Emr) spollG (Bimr):: pMK101 (Cmr) showed a subtilisin yield about ten times higher than that from wild-type DB104 (Δnpr Δapr)::pMK101 (Cmr). © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260470610
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß der Korngröße auf mechanische Eigenschaften und den ungeschmierten reversierenden Gleitverschleiß von Al2O3-Keramik (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 23 (1992), S. 329-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Influence of grain size on mechanical properties and dry oscillating sliding wear of Al2O3-ceramicsSpecimens with average grain sizes varying between about 0.8 μm and 12 μm were produced by cold isostatic pressing of high purity Al2O3-powder followed by sintering between 1300°C and 1700°C. Hardness, Young's modulus, bending strength and fracture toughness were measured as a function of average grain sizes. Tribological tests were carried out on the different microstructures at normal laboratory air and room temperature by using a ring-on-block tribometer.Experimental results showed the dependence of mechanical properties on grain size, hardness and bending strength obeying a Hall-Petch type relation, approximately. Coefficient of friction was relatively independent of grain size under the test conditions used. However, wear intensity increased substantially if a critical grain size was surpassed. This was due to a change in mechanisms of material removal which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopical studies of the worn surfaces.
    Notes: Aus hochreinem Al2O3-Pulver wurden durch kaltisostatisches Pressen und Variation der Sintertemperatur zwischen 1300°C und 1700°C Formkörper mit unterschiedlichen mittleren Korngrößen zwischen etwa 0,8 und 12 μm hergestellt. Untersucht wurde der Einfluß der Korngröße auf mechanische und tribologische Eigen-schaften.Die Ergebnisse zeigten, daß mechanische Eigenschaften wie Härte, E-Modul, Biegebruchfestigkeit und Bruchzähigkeit von der Korngröße bzw. den Sintertemperaturen abhingen, wobei im Fall der Härte und Bruchfestigkeit näiherungsweise eine Hall-Peteh-Beziehung vorlag. Während die Reibungszahl relativ unabhängig von der Korngröße war, trat in der Verschleißintensität aufgrund geänderter Mechanismen ein starker Anstieg mit zunchmender Korngröße auf. Rasterelektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen zeigten, daß der Verschleiß durch plastische Verformung, Mikrobruch, Kornfragmentierung und Deckschichten beeinflußt wurde.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19920230909
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