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  • General Chemistry  (5)
  • Glutamate  (2)
  • Polyneuropathy  (2)
  • Thermal perception  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance to ischaemic nerve-fibre block in diabetes mellitus and in mitochondrial encephalomyopathies (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 240 (1993), S. 87-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Ischaemic conduction block ; Small fibre function ; Thermal perception ; Resistance to ischaemia ; Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Thermal thresholds were measured during ischaemic compression block in the left forearms of 26 healthy subjects, 10 patients with diabetes mellitus and 6 patients suffering from different kinds of mitochondrial disorders. Cold and warm thresholds in the 6 patients with deficiencies in the respiratory chain increased earlier than in normals. When cold perception was impaired, cold stimuli were perceived as warmth and pinprick perception attenuated. In diabetics cold thresholds were less elevated during ischaemic block than in controls. This was paralleled by tingling paraesthesiae in all groups. The findings show that higher resistance to ischaemic nerve-fibre block in diabetes mellitus is not exclusively based on increased anaerobic metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00858723
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophysiological investigation of central, peripheral and autonomic nerve function in workers with long-term low-level exposure to carbon disulphide in the viscose industry (1997)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 70 (1997), S. 249-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Carbon disulphide ; Neurotoxicity ; Polyneuropathy ; Peripheral and autonomic nerve ; function ; Occupationally induced neurological disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: Neurotoxicity of carbon disulphide (CS2) is well known. The air concentration at the workplace at which such adverse effects can first be observed is the subject of controversial discussion. Methods: In a cross-sectional study on CS2-exposed workers peripheral motor and sensory nerve conduction studies, somatosensory evoked potentials, thermotesting and investigation of forced respiration sinus arryhtmia have been carried out. The data from 222 workers exposed to CS2 in the viscose industry were evaluated and compared with data from 191 employees from the same factory with similar physical and psychological stress factors but without detectable occupational contact to neurotoxic substances. Median exposure to CS2 was below the currently valid occupational-medical threshold limit value (MAK-value) of 10 ppm. Multiple linear or multiple logistic regression analysis was used to check for statistical differences. Results: Binary evaluation (comparison of exposed persons versus controls after multiple linear regression) revealed a slightly lower value in the exposed group for the motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV, –0.76 m/s, median 48 m/s), but a long way from pathological thresholds. No dose-response relationship could be found within the exposed group for any evaluation criteria of CS2-exposure. Somatosensory evoked potentials, thermotesting and analysis of heart rate variability yielded no indication of a neurotoxic effect of CS2. Conclusion: Isolated decrease of MNCV in binary evaluation is, with regard to the known mechanism of CS2-neurotoxicity and the lack of a dose-response relationship, obviously not due to toxic effects. We interpret our results as showing that an adverse effect of carbon disulphide at the exposure ranges found was not detectable in the exposed group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004200050215
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance to ischaemia of small afferent nerve fibres in diabetes mellitus (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 237 (1990), S. 295-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Diabetic polyneuropathy ; Ischaemic conduction block ; Pain ; Small fibre function ; Thermal perception
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thermal thresholds were measured in the left forearms of 26 healthy subjects and 10 patients with diabetes mellitus during ischaemic compression block. During the period when ischaemic block of large fibres caused paraesthesia and loss of touch sensation, the cold threshold rose in normals. The cold threshold was less clearly elevated and the warm perception remained unaltered by ischaemia in diabetics. These results show that not only large afferent and efferent nerve fibres but also thinly myelinated Aδ and unmyelinated C fibres are resistant to ischaemia in the diabetic nerve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314745
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß von Aethanol auf die Neurotransmitter Glutamat und GABA (1982)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 232 (1982), S. 183-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Ethanol ; Barbiturate ; Cortex ; GABA ; Glutamate ; Hippocampus ; Nigra ; Striatum ; Aethanol ; Barbiturat ; Cortex ; GABA ; Glutamat ; Hippocampus ; Nigra ; Striatum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In zwei Versuchsserien wurde der Einfluß von chronischer Aethanolgabe (5 g/kg täglich) über 2 bzw. 4 Wochen auf die Neurotransmitter Glutamat und GABA bei Ratten untersucht. Dabei fand sich ein durch Barbiturat maskierter Anstieg der GABA-Konzentration in Striatum, Hippocampus und Substantia nigra, 8 bzw. 12 Stunden nach der letzten Aethanolgabe. Für Glutamat konnte ebenfalls ein Anstieg in den untersuchten Hirnregionen gefunden werden, der mit den für Dopamin bekannten Veränderungen unter Aethanol vereinbar ist. Die Bedeutung für die Pathogenese hirnorganischer Anfälle und psychotischer Symptome nach chronischem Alkoholmißbrauch wird diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The effect of chronic ethanol administration, 5 g/kg per day for 2 or 4 weeks, on the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA was investigated in rats. An increase in GABA was found in the striatum, hippocampus, and substantia nigra, 8 or 12 h after the last ingestion of ethanol, this being masked by injection of barbiturate. In addition an increase of glutamate has been found in the examined brain areas. This is consistent with the known effect of ethanol on brain Dopa metabolism and release. Finally, the relevance of the results for the pathogenesis of withdrawal seizures and delirious states is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343699
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glutamat- und GABA-Konzentration in Gehirn und Liquor Cerebrospinalis von Ratten unter Behandlung mit Phosphatidylcholin (1982)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 232 (1982), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Phosphatidylcholine ; Glutamate ; GABA ; Brain ; CSF ; Friedreich's ataxia ; Phosphatidylcholin ; Glutamat ; GABA ; ZNS ; Liquor cerebrospinalis ; Friedreichsche Ataxie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um zu untersuchen, ob die Gabe von Phosphatidylcholin, die den zentralnervösen Azetylcholingehalt erhöht, einen Einfluß auf die Neurotransmitter Glutamat und GABA hat, wurde 17 von 32 Ratten über 14 Tage 1,5g/kg Lethicon® pro die peroral gegeben. Die fluorometrische Messung der Konzentrationen von Glutamat und GABA in frontalem Cortex, Striatum, Nigra, Kleinhirnrinde sowie von Glutamat im Liquor cerebrospinalis ließ keine signifikanten Unterschiede gegenüber Kontrolltieren erkennen. Nach zweiwöchiger Gabe von Phosphatidylcholin konnte keine zentralnervöse Interaktion des cholinergen Systems mit den Neurotransmittern Glutamat und GABA nachgewiesen werden.
    Notes: Summary Phosphatidylcholine increases CNS concentrations of acetylcholine. In rats we investigated whether or not phosphatidylcholine also influences the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA. In 17 rats 1.5g/kg Lethicon perorally was administered daily for 2 weeks, 15 rats served as controls. In tissue from frontal cortex, striatum, substantia nigra, cerebellar cortex no significant differences between treated and untreated animals were found in glutamate or GABA concentrations. A central nervous interaction between the cholinergic system and the neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA, therefore, could not be demonstrated after 2 weeks of phosphatidylcholine intake.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343363
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thiamine deficiency and nervous system function disturbances (1985)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 234 (1985), S. 390-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Polyneuropathy ; Rat SEP ; Thiamine ; Vitamin B1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thiamine is important for oxidative metabolism, and B1 deficiency is thought to give rise to polyneuropathies. A group of male Wistar rats (n = 15) received a vitamin B1 deficient diet (group-a), and the pair fed control group (n= 20, group-b) received a normal diet with no vitamin deficiency. A second control group (group-c) was fed unrestrictedly with a standard diet (n = 19). All animals were examined for 25 weeks. The sensory nerve conduction velocity, the compound radicular, spinal and brain stem responses and the SEP were derived for tail and hind paw stimulation. The examination was repeated at 6-week intervals. There was no difference in nerve conduction between group-a and -b, but for both groups the conduction velocity was significantly slower than in group-c. The SEP latencies were significantly increased in group-a compared with group-b and also with group-c. The spinal and cerebral latencies were delayed in group-a. The diameters of myelinated nerve fibres were decreased in group-a compared with group-b, and in group-b compared with group-c. The results indicate that a specific polyneuropathy exits as a result of B1 deficiency, and that the sequelae of the lack of thiamine are pronounced in the CNS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386056
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Generation of 6,6′-Disubstituted 2,2′-Bipyridines: Towards Novel Oligo(bipyridine) Building Blocks for Potential Applications in Materials Science and Supramolecular Chemistry (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Liebigs Annalen 1998 (1998), S. 2573-2581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-193X
    Keywords: Oligo(bipyridines) ; Supramolecular chemistry ; Functionalized bipyridines ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 6,6′-disubstituted 2,2′-bipyridines and oligo(bipyridines) are often used as ligands in supramolecular chemistry; however, their range of application has been limited due to the lack of unsymmetrically functionalized compounds and their poor solubility. We describe herein a new generation of specially designed unsymmetrical bipyridine building blocks possessing different protecting groups for the hydroxy functionality and reasonable solubility behavior. These molecules permit the synthesis of a wide range of functionalized oligo(bipyridines) with new potential applications in supramolecular chemistry and materials science. As initial examples, we present the synthesis of mono- and bis-functionalized bis- and tris-2,2′-biypridines.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanisms of Photophysical Processes and Photochemical Reactions in Polymers. Von J. F. Rabek. Wiley, Chichester 1987. XIX, 756 S., geb. £ 99.00. - ISBN 0-471-91180-1 (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 100 (1988), S. 1805-1806 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19881001235
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymers as Advanced Materials (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 101 (1989), S. 520-521 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19891010445
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book Review: Mechanisms of Photophysical Processes and Photochemical Reactions in Polymers. By J. F. Rabek (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 27 (1988), S. 1568-1568 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198815681
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