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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bean lectins IV: genetic variation in the non-denatured structure of lectins from different Phaseolus vulgaris L. cultivars (1984)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1984), S. 547-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris ; Lectins ; Albumin ; Globulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Variation in the native conformation of bean lectins was examined using electrophoresis of non-denatured total protein extracts and purified albumin and globulin lectin. The observed variation was related to the genetic variation reported previously for lectin polypeptide composition as revealed by two-dimensional isoelectricfocusing-sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (IEF-SDS/PAGE). When eleven cultivars with different IEF-SDS/PAGE lectin polypeptide compositions were compared, eight had unique non-denatured lectin patterns and three had identical patterns. For some cultivars differences in non-denatured lectin patterns were observed between the purified albumin and globulin lectin preparations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264902
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of restriction fragment length polymorphisms linked to genes controlling soluble solids content in tomato fruit (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1987), S. 350-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) ; Quantitative trait loci ; Linkage ; Tomato ; Soluble solids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Gene(s) conferring high soluble solids (SS) in tomato fruit had been backcrossed previously from a wild tomato species, Lycopersicon chmielewskii LA1028 (∼ 10% SS), into a L. esculentum cultivar, VF36 (∼ 5% SS), to derive a BC5S5 line, LA1563, similar to ‘VF 36’ but with 7–8% SS. DNAs from these lines and a tomato breeding line, H2038, were screened for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) using four restriction endonucleases and sixty clones chosen at random from a tomato cDNA library. Most of the cDNA clones (56) identified the same RFLP in ‘VF 36’ and LA1563 and a different RFLP in LA1028. However, two cDNA clones identified the same RFLP in LA1563 and LA1028 and a different RFLP in ‘VF36’. To determine whether RFLPs identified by these two cDNA clones were linked to SS genes, a H2038 x LA1563 F2 population was screened for segregation of the RFLPs and for SS content. The segregation ratios of these RFLPs were consistent with ratios expected for codominant alleles at unlinked loci. Analysis of variance of SS content for different RFLP genotypic classes indicated that RFLP alleles at one of the loci were linked to genes controlling SS content. The RFLP allele from the high SS tomato line, LA1563, was associated with significantly higher SS content and, therefore, could be useful in selecting for high SS gene(s) in a tomato breeding program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00262500
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of synthetic Brassica amphidiploids by reciprocal hybridization and comparison to natural amphidiploids (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 811-821 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica ; Interspecific hybridization ; Amphidiploid ; RFLP ; Evolution ; Nuclear ; cytoplasmic interaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In a previous study we proposed that cytoplasmic genomes have played an important role in the evolution of Brassica amphidiploid species. Based on this and other studies, we hypothesized that interactions between the maternal cytoplasmic genomes and the paternal nuclear genome may cause alterations in genome structure and/or gene expression of a newly synthesized amphidiploid, which may play an important role in the evolution of natural amphidiploid species. To test this hypothesis, a series of synthetic amphidiploids, including all three analogs of the natural amphidiploids B. napus, B. juncea, and B. Carinata and their reciprocal forms, were developed. These synthetic amphidiploids were characterized for morphological traits, chromosome number, and RFLPs revealed by chloroplast, mitochondrial, and nuclear DNA clones. The maternal transmission of chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes was observed in all of the F1 hybrids examined except one hybrid plant derived from the B. rapa x B. oleracea combination, which showed a biparental transmission of organelles. However, the paternal chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes were not observed in the F2 progeny. Nuclear genomes of synthetic amphidiploids had combined RFLP patterns of their parental species for all of the nuclear DNA clones examined. A variation in fertility was observed among self-pollinated progenies of single amphidiploids that had completely homozygous genome constitutions. Comparisons between natural and synthetic amphidiploids based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns indicated that natural amphidiploids are considerably more distant from the progenitor diploid species than the synthetic amphidiploids. The utility of these synthetic amphidiploids for investigating the evolution of amphidiploidy is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212606
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic diversity of oilseedBrassica napus germ plasm based on restriction fragment length polymorphisms (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 662-668 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Oilseed rape ; Brassica napus ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Genetic diversity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Oilseed rape (Brassica napus) is an important oilseed crop worldwide. Cultivars have been developed for many growing regions, however little is known about genetic diversity inB. napus germ plasm. The purpose of the research presented here was to study the genetic diversity and relationships ofB. napus accessions using restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Eighty threeB. napus accessions were screened using 43 genomic DNA clones which revealed 161 polymorphic fragments. Each accession was uniquely identified by the markers with the exception of the near-isogenic cvs ‘Triton’ and ‘Tower’. The RFLP data were analyzed by cluster analysis of similarity coefficients and by principal component analysis. Overall, there were three major groups of cultivars. The first group included only spring accessions, the second mostly winter accessions and the third, rutabagas and oilseed rape accessions from China and Japan. These results indicate that withinB. napus, winter and spring cultivars represent genetically distinct groups. The grouping of accessions by cluster analysis was generally consistent with known pedigrees. This consistency included the grouping of lines derived both by backcrossing or self-pollination with their parents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01253968
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of RFLP and qualitative trait loci in Brassica rapa and comparison to the linkage maps of B. napus, B. oleracea, and Arabidopsis thaliana (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 885-894 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; Brassica ; Comparative maps ; Erucic acid ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A linkage map of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) was constructed for oilseed, Brassica rapa, using anonymous genomic DNA and cDNA clones from Brassica and cloned genes from the crucifer Arabidopsis thaliana. We also mapped genes controlling the simply inherited traits, yellow seeds, low seed erucic acid, and pubescence. The map included 139 RFLP loci organized into ten linkage groups (LGs) and one small group covering 1785 cM. Each of the three traits mapped to a single locus on three different LGs. Many of the RFLP loci were detected with the same set of probes used to construct maps in the diploid B. oleracea and the amphidiploid B. napus. Comparisons of the linkage arrangements between the diploid species B. rapa and B. oleracea revealed six LGs with at least two loci in common. Nine of the B. rapa LGs had conserved linkage arrangements with B. napus LGs. The majority of loci in common were in the same order among the three species, although the distances between loci were largest on the B. rapa map. We also compared the genome organization between B. rapa and A. thaliana using RFLP loci detected with 12 cloned genes in the two species and found some evidence for a conservation of the linkage arrangements. This B. rapa map will be used to test for associations between segregation of RFLPs, detected by cloned genes of known function, and traits of interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224514
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of RFLP and RAPD markers to estimating genetic relationships within and among cruciferous species (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 973-980 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: DNA ; RFLP ; RAPD ; Brassica ; Genetic relationships
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers are being used widely for evaluating genetic relationships of crop germplasm. Differences in the properties of these two markers could result in different estimates of genetic relationships among some accessions. Nuclear RFLP markers detected by genomic DNA and cDNA clones and RAPD markers were compared for evaluating genetic relationships among 18 accessions from six cultivated Brassica species and one accession from Raphanus sativus. Based on comparisons of genetic-similarity matrices and cophenetic values, RAPD markers were very similar to RFLP markers for estimating intraspecific genetic relationships; however, the two marker types gave different results for interspecific genetic relationships. The presence of amplified mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA fragments in the RAPD data set did not appear to account for differences in RAPD- and RFLP-based dendrograms. However, hybridization tests of RAPD fragments with similar molecular weights demonstrated that some fragments, scored as identical, were not homologous. In all these cases, the differences occurred at the interspecific level. Our results suggest that RAPD data may be less reliable than RFLP data when estimating genetic relationships of accessions from more than one species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220804
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationships among genetic distance, forage yield and heterozygosity in isogenic diploid and tetraploid alfalfa populations (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 89 (1994), S. 323-328 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Heterozygosity ; Genetic diversity ; RFLPs ; Alfalfa ; Medicago sativa L
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Isogenic diploid and tetraploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was studied with molecular markers to help understand why diploid performance and breeding behavior does not always predict that of tetraploids. In a previous study of partially heterozygous alfalfa genotypes, we detected a low correlation between yields of isogenic diploid (2x) and tetraploid (4x) single-cross progenies, and genetic distances were more highly correlated with yields of tetraploids than diploids. These differences may be related to the level of RFLP heterozygosity expected among progenies derived from heterozygous parents at the two ploidy levels. The objectives of this study were to determine the relationships among genetic distance, forage yield and heterozygosity in isogenic 2 x and 4 x alfalfa populations. Four diploid genotypes were chromosome doubled to produce corresponding isogenic autotetraploids, and these genotypes were mated in 4 × 4 diallels to produce 6 single-cross families at each ploidy level for field evaluation. Allele compositions of parents were determined at 33 RFLP loci by monitoring segregation of homologous restriction fragments among individuals within progenies, and these were used to estimate RFLP heterozygosity levels for all single-cross progenies at both ploidy levels. RFLP heterozygosity rankings were identical between progenies of isogenic diploid and tetraploid parents; but significant associations (P 〈 0.05) between estimated heterozygosity levels and forage yield were detected only at the tetraploid level. Since tetraploid families were nearly 25% more heterozygous than the corresponding diploid families, inconsistencies in the association between molecular marker diversity and forage yields of isogenic 2 x and 4 x single crosses may be due to recessive alleles that are expressed in diploids but masked in tetraploids. The gene action involved in heterosis may be the same at both ploidy levels; however, tetraploids benefit from greater complementary gene interactions than are possible for equivalent diploids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225162
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling seed aliphatic-glucosinolate content in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L) (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 802-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Aliphatic glucosinolates ; Brassica napus ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) ; Genomic mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We report the RFLP mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) which regulate the total seed aliphaticglucosinolate content in Brassica napus L. A population of 99 F1-derived doubled-haploid (DH) recombinant lines from a cross between the cultivars Stellar (low-glucosinolate) and Major (high-glucosinolate) was used for singlemarker analysis and the interval mapping of QTLs associated with total seed glucosinolates. Two major loci, GSL-1 and GSL-2, with the largest influence on total seed aliphatic-glucosinolates, were mapped onto LG 20 and LG 1, respectively. Three loci with smaller effects, GSL-3, GSL-4 and GSL-5, were tentatively mapped to LG 18, LG 4 and LG 13, respectively. The QTLs acted in an additive manner and accounted for 71 % of the variation in total seed glucosinolates, with GSL-1 and GSL-2 accounting for 33% and 17%, respectively. The recombinant population had aliphatic-glucosinolate levels of between 6 and 160 μmoles per g-1 dry wt of seed. Transgressive segregation for high seed glucosinolate content was apparent in 25 individuals. These phenotypes possessed Stellar alleles at GSL-3 and Major alleles at the four other GSL loci demonstrating that low-glucosinolate genotypes (i.e. Stellar) may possess alleles for high glucosinolates which are only expressed in particular genetic backgrounds. Gsl-elong and Gsl-alk, loci which regulate the ratio of individual aliphatic glucosinolates, were also mapped. Gsl-elong-1 and Gsl-elong-2, which control elongation of the α-amino-acid precursors, mapped to LG 18 and LG 20 and were coincident with GSL loci which regulate total seed aliphatic glucosinolates. A third tentative QTL, which regulates side-chain elongation, was tentatively mapped to LG 12. Gsl-alk, which regulates H3CS-removal and side-chain de-saturation, mapped to LG 20.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220963
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A molecular marker linkage map of tetraploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 1194-1200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Medicago sativa ; Tetraploid ; Linkage mapping ; RFLPs ; SDRFs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A genetic linkage map was constructed for an F1 genotype of auto-tetraploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) using two backcross populations of 101 individuals each and 82 single-dose restriction fragments segregating in each population. The percentages of marker loci deviating from Mendelian ratios were considerably less than reported for inbred diploid mapping populations (4–9% compared to 18–54%), probably due to the greater buffering capacity of autotetraploids against the effects of deleterious recessive alleles. Four homologous coupling-phase cosegregation groups were detected for seven of the eight linkage groups of diploid alfalfa and aligned using probes in common. No cosegregation groups were found for linkage group 7 due to the lack of polymorphisms in this cross. A composite map was generated by integrating the four homologous cosegregation groups and consisted of 88 loci on seven linkage groups covering 443 cM. The locus map-orders and distances were in general agreement with those found in diploid alfalfa. The mapping population segregates for winterhardiness, fall dormancy, and freezing tolerance; and the map will be used to locate genomic regions affecting these traits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051324
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bean lectins (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 70 (1985), S. 22-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris ; Lectin ; Phaseolin ; Quantitative variation ; Immunoelectrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Seeds of forty bean cultivars having different lectin types based on two-dimensional isoelectric focusing-sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (IEF-SDS/PAGE) were analyzed for quantities of lectin, phaseolin and total protein. Significant differences were found among groups of cultivars with different lectin types for the quantity of lectin and phaseolin. Cultivars with more complex lectin types based on IEF-SDS/PAGE tended to have higher quantities of lectin and lower quantities of phaseolin than cultivars with simple lectin types. An association between lectin type and the quantity of lectin and phaseolin was found also in the seeds of F2 plants that segregated in a Mendelian fashion for two lectin types. Seeds from plants with the complex lectin type had more lectin and less phaseolin than seeds from plants with the simple lectin type. Therefore, the genes controlling qualitative lectin variation also may influence the quantitative variation of lectin and phaseolin. The results of this study are related to other studies on the quantitative variation for seed proteins and to the possible molecular basis for variation in the quantity of lectins in beans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264478
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