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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linkage arrangement of restriction fragment length polymorphism loci in Brassica oleracea (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 80 (1990), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica oleracea ; Linkage map ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Duplicate loci
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A detailed genetic linkage map of Brassica oleracea was constructed based on the segregation of 258 restriction fragment length polymorphism loci in a broccoli × cabbage F2 population. The genetic markers defined nine linkage groups, covering 820 recombination units. A majority of the informative genomic DNA probes hybridized to more than two restriction fragments in the F2 population. “Duplicate” sequences having restriction fragment length polymorphism were generally found to be unlinked for any given probe. Many of these duplicated loci were clustered non-randomly on certain pairs of linkage groups, and conservation of the relative linkage arrangement of the loci between linkage groups was observed. While these data support previous cytological evidence for the existence of duplicated regions and the evolution of B. oleracea from a lower chromosome number progenitor, no evidence was provided for the current existence of blocks of homoeology spanning entire pairs of linkage groups. The arrangement of the analyzed duplicated loci suggests that a fairly high degree of genetic rearrangement has occurred in the evolution of B. oleracea. Several probes used in this study were useful in detecting rearrangements between the B. oleracea accessions used as parents, indicating that genetic rearrangements have occurred in the relatively recent evolution of this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224016
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic analysis of morphological variation in Brassica oleracea using molecular markers (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1994), S. 721-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Brassica oleracea ; Quantitative trait loci ; Morphological variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A cross between the open-pollinated Brassica oleracea cabbage cultivar ‘Wisconsin Golden Acre’ and the hybrid broccoli cultivar ‘Packman’ was used with molecular markers to investigate the genetic control of morphological variation. Twenty-two traits derived from leaf, stem, and flowering measurements were analyzed in 90 F2 individuals that were also classified for genotype by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. Seventy-two RFLP loci, which covered the mapped genome at an average of 10 map-unit intervals on all nine linkage groups, were tested individually for associations to phenotypic measurements by single factor ANOVA, and markers with significant associations (P〈0.05) were used to develop multilocus models. These data were utilized to describe the location, parental contribution of alleles, magnitude of effect, and the gene action of trait loci. Single marker loci that were significantly associated (P〈0.05) with trait measurements accounted for 6.7–42.7% of the phenotypic variation. Multilocus models described as much as 60.1% of the phenotypic variation for a given trait. In some cases, different related traits had common marker-locus associations with similar gene action and genotypic class ranking. The numbers, action, and linkages, of genes controlling traits estimated with marker loci in this population corresponded to estimates based on classical genetic methods from other studies using similar, or similarly-wide, crosses. There was no evidence that genome duplication accounted for a significant portion of multiple genes controlling trait loci over the entire genome, but possible duplications of trait loci were identified for two regions with linked, duplicated marker loci.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222898
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular marker analysis of genes controlling morphological variation in Brassica rapa (syn. campestris) (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 90 (1995), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica rapa ; Brassica campestris ; Morphological variation ; Quantitative trait loci ; RFLP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Construction of a detailed RFLP linkage map of B. rapa (syn. campestris) made it possible, for the first time, to study individual genes controlling quantitative traits in this species. Ninety-five F2 individuals from a cross of Chinese cabbage cv ‘Michihili’ by Spring broccoli were analyzed for segregation at 220 RFLP loci and for variation in leaf, stem, and flowering characteristics. The number, location, and magnitude of genes underlying 28 traits were determined by using an interval mapping method. Zero to five putative quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected for each of the traits examined. There were unequal gene effects on the expression of many traits, and the inheritance patterns of traits ranged from those controlled by a single major gene plus minor genes to those controlled by polygenes with small and similar effects. The effect of marker locus density on detection of QTL was analyzed, and the results showed that the number of QTL detected did not change when the number of marker loci used for QTL mapping was decreased from 220 to 126; however, a further reduction from 126 to 56 caused more than 15% loss of the total QTL detected. The detection of putative minor QTL by removing the masking effects of major QTL was explored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220989
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling seed aliphatic-glucosinolate content in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L) (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 802-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Aliphatic glucosinolates ; Brassica napus ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) ; Genomic mapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We report the RFLP mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) which regulate the total seed aliphaticglucosinolate content in Brassica napus L. A population of 99 F1-derived doubled-haploid (DH) recombinant lines from a cross between the cultivars Stellar (low-glucosinolate) and Major (high-glucosinolate) was used for singlemarker analysis and the interval mapping of QTLs associated with total seed glucosinolates. Two major loci, GSL-1 and GSL-2, with the largest influence on total seed aliphatic-glucosinolates, were mapped onto LG 20 and LG 1, respectively. Three loci with smaller effects, GSL-3, GSL-4 and GSL-5, were tentatively mapped to LG 18, LG 4 and LG 13, respectively. The QTLs acted in an additive manner and accounted for 71 % of the variation in total seed glucosinolates, with GSL-1 and GSL-2 accounting for 33% and 17%, respectively. The recombinant population had aliphatic-glucosinolate levels of between 6 and 160 μmoles per g-1 dry wt of seed. Transgressive segregation for high seed glucosinolate content was apparent in 25 individuals. These phenotypes possessed Stellar alleles at GSL-3 and Major alleles at the four other GSL loci demonstrating that low-glucosinolate genotypes (i.e. Stellar) may possess alleles for high glucosinolates which are only expressed in particular genetic backgrounds. Gsl-elong and Gsl-alk, loci which regulate the ratio of individual aliphatic glucosinolates, were also mapped. Gsl-elong-1 and Gsl-elong-2, which control elongation of the α-amino-acid precursors, mapped to LG 18 and LG 20 and were coincident with GSL loci which regulate total seed aliphatic glucosinolates. A third tentative QTL, which regulates side-chain elongation, was tentatively mapped to LG 12. Gsl-alk, which regulates H3CS-removal and side-chain de-saturation, mapped to LG 20.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220963
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping loci controlling vernalization requirement in Brassica rapa (1995)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 91 (1995), S. 1279-1283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; Brassica ; Flowering ; Quantitative trait loci ; Vernalization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Brassica cultivars are classified as biennial or annual based on their requirement for a period of cold treatment (vernalization) to induce flowering. Genes controlling the vernalization requirement were identified in a Brassica rapa F2 population derived from a cross between an annual and a biennial oilseed cultivar by using an RFLP linkage map and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of flowering time in F3 lines. Two genomic regions were strongly associated with variation for flowering time of unvernalized plants and alleles from the biennial parent in these regions delayed flowering. These QTLs had no significant effect on flowering time after plants were vernalized for 6 weeks, suggesting that they control flowering time through the requirement for vernalization. The two B. rapa linkage groups containing these QTLs had RFLP loci in common with two B. napus linkage groups that were shown previously to contain QTLs for flowering time. An RFLP locus detected by the cold-induced gene COR6.6 cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana mapped very near to one of the B. rapa QTLs for flowering time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00220941
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping loci controlling flowering time in Brassica oleracea (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 610-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words  Brassica oleracea ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Quantitative trait loci ; Flowering time
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   The timing of the transition from vegetative to reproductive phase is a major determinant of the morphology and value of Brassica oleracea crops. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling flowering time in B. oleracea were mapped using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci and flowering data of F3 families derived from a cabbage by broccoli cross. Plants were grown in the field, and a total of 15 surveys were made throughout the experiment at 5–15 day intervals, in which plants were inspected for the presence of flower buds or open flowers. The flowering traits used for data analysis were the proportion of annual plants (PF) within each F3 family at the end of the experiment, and a flowering-time index (FT) that combined both qualitative (annual/biennial) and quantitative (days to flowering) information. Two QTLs on different linkage groups were found associated with both PF and FT and one additional QTL was found associated only with FT. When combined in a multi-locus model, all three QTLs explained 54.1% of the phenotypic variation in FT. Epistasis was found between two genomic regions associated with FT. Comparisons of map positions of QTLs in B. oleracea with those in B. napus and B. rapa provided no evidence for conservation of genomic regions associated with flowering time between these species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050170
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bean lectins (1982)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 62 (1982), S. 263-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris ; Seed protein ; Lectins ; Electrophoresis ; Agglutination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Single seeds of over 100 bean cultivars were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The cultivars could be classified into eight groups by virtue of their G2/albumin electrophoretic patterns: TG2, SG2, VG2, PrG2, BG2, MG2, PG2, and PiG2, The polypeptide compositions of these types were largely inter-related having particular polypeptides in common. It was possible to correlate the G2/albumin patterns with agglutinating activity of cow and rabbit blood cells as measured by the agglutination ratio (minimum concentration of extract required to agglutinate cow blood cells: minimum concentration of extract required to agglutinate rabbit blood cells). The active lectin polypeptides were identified by extracting lectins from agglutinated erythrocytes and by comparing the qualitative similarities and differences of the G2/albumin patterns and their agglutination activities. A reference catalogue of over 100 bean cultivars giving their phaseolin and G2/albumin electrophoretic patterns, and agglutination ratios is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276249
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bean lectins (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 70 (1985), S. 22-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris ; Lectin ; Phaseolin ; Quantitative variation ; Immunoelectrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Seeds of forty bean cultivars having different lectin types based on two-dimensional isoelectric focusing-sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (IEF-SDS/PAGE) were analyzed for quantities of lectin, phaseolin and total protein. Significant differences were found among groups of cultivars with different lectin types for the quantity of lectin and phaseolin. Cultivars with more complex lectin types based on IEF-SDS/PAGE tended to have higher quantities of lectin and lower quantities of phaseolin than cultivars with simple lectin types. An association between lectin type and the quantity of lectin and phaseolin was found also in the seeds of F2 plants that segregated in a Mendelian fashion for two lectin types. Seeds from plants with the complex lectin type had more lectin and less phaseolin than seeds from plants with the simple lectin type. Therefore, the genes controlling qualitative lectin variation also may influence the quantitative variation of lectin and phaseolin. The results of this study are related to other studies on the quantitative variation for seed proteins and to the possible molecular basis for variation in the quantity of lectins in beans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264478
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of the degree of restriction fragment length polymorphism in Brassica (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 833-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Brassica campestris ; Brassica oleracea ; Brassica napus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The feasibility of creating a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) linkage map in Brassica species was assessed by screening EcoRI-, HindIII-, or EcoRV-digested total genomic DNA from several accessions of B. campestris, B. oleracea, and B. napus using random genomic DNA clones from three Brassica libraries as hybridization probes. Differences in restriction fragment hybridization patterns occurred at frequencies of 95% for comparisons of accessions among species, 79% for comparisons of accessions among subspecies within species, and 70% for comparisons among accessions within subspecies. In addition, species differences in the level of hybridization were noted for some clones. The high degree of polymorphism found even among closely related Brassica accessions indicates that RFLP analysis will be a very useful tool in genetic, taxonomic, and evolutionary studies of the Brassica genus. Development of RFLP linkage maps is now in progress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00258042
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 593-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica rapa ; Brassica oleracea ; Molecular taxonomy ; Phylogenetic tree ; Restriction fragment length polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Preliminary analysis using nuclear RFLPs provided evidence that subspecies within Brassica rapa originated from two different centers. One center is in Europe, represented by turnip and turnip rape from which the oilseed sarson was derived. A second center is in South China containing a variety of Chinese vegetables of which pak choi and narinosa seem to be the most ancient forms. Based on RFLP data, the accessions of B. oleracea examined could be divided into three distinct groups, represented by thousand head kale, broccoli and cabbage. Thousand head kale and Chinese kale appear to be the primitive types. Observations of parallel variation among subspecies of both species are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260914
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